【正文】 V V Selection on Inappropriate Product. V V V Insufficient Number of Responses. V V V No Response from Known HighQuality Suppliers. V V V Risk: Award of Contract 31 Risk Cost Delivery Ethics Unmatched Expectations of Buyer and Supplier. V V V Deadlock on Agreement. V V V Undue Concession to Suppliers. V V V Failure to Acmodate Standard Conditions. V V V Grossly Unfair or Onerous Requirements. V V V Failure to Reflect the Terms Offered and Agreed in the Contract. V V V Inadvertently Creating a Contract without Proper Approvals. V V V Risk: Negotiate the Contract 32 Risk Cost Delivery Ethics Failure to Assess Supplier’s Performance. N N V Failure to Assess the Process. N N V Loss or Damage of Goods in Transit. N N V Fraud. N N V Risk: Evaluate the Procurement 33 Risk Cost Delivery Ethics Variations in Price and Currency Fluctuation. V V V Unwillingness of Supplier to Accept the Contract. V V V Failure of Either Party to Fulfill the Contract. V V V Inadequate Administration of Contract. V V V Acceptance Before Completion. V V V Increase in Scope of Work. V V V Intellectual Property. V V V Third Party Liability. Risk: Managing the Contract 34 Oversight Tools: ? Review by CAP amp。 ? Payment Terms。 Ethics is self imposed) ? Code of conduct (Established in the new CAP User Guidelines) ? Ethical belief is a personal choice, however ethical conduct can be mandated by an anization. ? Ethics are moral boundary or values within we work 69 Asset Management: ? What is asset? ? Types of assets: Capital and noncapital ? Profiles of assets ? Who can add/ retire assets? ? Theft and loss of assets ? Tracking of assets ? Assets for management and development project ? Major concerns of external auditors ? Disposal: Clearance by CAP/ACP 70 Procurement and the Law: ? Why Have conditions of contract: Goodwill ? Formation of Contract – Offer, Acceptance and Consideration ( battle of Forms) – Oral Contract ? Contract Performance ( Fulfillment of according to its terms) – Delay in supplier’s performance – Liquidated Damages – Termination of Contract – Force Majeure (French Term: Unexpected event) ? Rights and Obligations of buyer and seller 71 Procurement amp。 ?Delivery time and place。 Delivery: ? Delivery prises mainly of following ponents: Goods, Services, Individual Consultants, Travel, etc. These fall under procurement. ? Procurement is the key pillar of delivery. ? Procurement is presently treated as a mechanical process. ? One needs different type of skill sets to manage different type of goods and services. ? One need market and product knowledge. It is not about 3 quotations. ? It is about partnering with supply sources ? Move from tactical to strategic mode ( Presently we spend 100% of our time on fire fighting) 10 Procurement Chain: REQ Sourcing (Potential Suppliers) Receipt and Opening Vendor Award Contract/PO Approval by CPO Create Vendor Evaluation of Offers Review By Contracts Committee Bidding 11 Public Procurement Life Cycle Procurement Plan Procurement Implementation Procurement Evaluation Procurement Formalization 12 Procurement Planning: ? This should take place well before taking any purchasing action. ? It should not be limited to specific requisition but part of positioning the procurement unit to best advantage ? The first task is to establish the significance to the buying anization of the purchased items and then to gain an understanding of the market conditions. ? This require the use of following three techniques – Supply Positioning – Supplier Preferences – Vulnerability management 13 Procurement Plan: ? A procurement plan describes which product will be acquired from vendor as well as when and how they will be acquired. What, When, How ? Template – Items to be procured – Evaluation criteria – Procurement Method – Schedule/ Date of delivery – Ownership rights of the source code – Ownership rights of the production ? One of the major initiative to improve procurement system 14 Procurement Planning Procurement planning, prior to any action taken in Atlas, is essential for the timely solicitation of quotations, bids or proposals。 AM Modules) ? “ We will walk you through simple and exciting journey of procurement management” 3 Procurement Defined The term “procurement” refers to the process of acquiring goods, works and services. The process spans the whole cycle from identification of needs through to the end of a services contract or the useful life of an asset.[1] [1] UNDP Fin. Reg. (a) (March 20xx). 4 Procurement Authority: ? The Administrator has delegated oversight and approval authority to CPO ? The CPO delegates the authority to RR, Directors and Heads of Bureaus for award of contract valued at less than $100,000 ? Increase of procurement authority can be delegated by the CPO based on needs and capacity. ? RR and Directors can subdelegate the authority in writing. ? Oversight mechanism is CAP and ACP. ? Accountability 5 Components of Delivery Consultants (SSA) 10% Travel 8% UNV 5% Fellowships 2% Project Personnel (SC) –12% Project staff (200 amp。 ?Estimated costs。 ACP ? Review of CAP reports ? Procurement Audit ? Documentation submitted for increased procurement authority ? Roving Procurement Officers 35 Procurement Oversight: ? Key purpose is to mitigate risks ? Compliance with FRR and Procurement Manual ? Scope of oversight covers mainly following – Requirements/SOW/TOR/Specifications – Quality Requirements – Procurement Process: Transparency,