管理學 13 激勵員工-文庫吧
2024-12-27 12:36 本頁面
【正文】 y ?Proposes that setting goals that are accepted, specific, and challenging yet achievable will result in higher performance than having no or easy goals. ?Is culture bound to the . and Canada. ? Benefits of Participation in GoalSetting ?Increases the acceptance of goals. ?Fosters mitment to difficult, public goals. ?Provides for selffeedback (internal locus of control) that guides behavior and motivates performance (selfefficacy). GoalSetting Theory Motivation and Behavior ? Reinforcement Theory ?Assumes that a desired behavior is a function of its consequences, is externally caused, and if reinforced, is likely to be repeated. ? Positive reinforcement is preferred for its longterm effects on performance ? Ignoring undesired behavior is better than punishment which may create additional dysfunctional behaviors. Designing Motivating Jobs ? Job Design ?The way into which tasks can be bined to form plete jobs. ?Factors influencing job design: ? Changing anizational environment/structure ? The anization’s technology ? Employees’ skill, abilities, and preferences ?Job enlargement ? Increasing the job’s scope (number and frequency of tasks) ?Job enrichment ? Increasing responsibility and autonomy (depth) in a job. Designing Motivating Jobs (cont’d) ? Job Characteristics Model (JCM) ?A conceptual framework for designing motivating jobs that create meaningful work experiences that satisfy employees’ growth needs. ?Five primary job characteristics: ? Skill variety: how many skills and talents are needed? ? Task identity: does the job produce a plete work? ? Task significance: how important is the job? ? Autonomy: how much independence does the jobholder have? ? Feedback: do workers know how well they are doing? Job Characteristics Model Source: . Hackman and . Suttle (eds.). Improving Life at Work (Glenview, IL: Scott, Foresman, 1977). With permission of the authors. Guidelines for Job Redesign Source: . Hackman and . Suttle (eds.). Improving Life at Work (Glenview, IL: Scott, Foresman, 1977). With permission of the authors. Designing Motivating Jobs (cont’d) ? Suggestions for Using the JCM ?Combine tasks (job enlargement)
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