【正文】 in a booming market they are spending more and more time investigating different job opportunities. (B) Whether or not students do the work they are assigned is a good indication of how lazy they are. (C) Engineering students should work harder than students in less demanding fields. (D) Ms. Dennis’ students are doing less work because Ms. Dennis is not as effective a teacher as she once was. (E) Laziness is something most people do not outgrow. 例 5. A test of the National Weather Service’s stormdetecting radar systems found that the 1957 system is ten times more reliable than the new puterized system. Therefore the technology used in the new radar system must be less sophisticated than the radar technology used in the 1957 system. The conclusion drawn above depends on which of the following questionable assumptions? (A) The reliability of stormdetecting radar systems is determined by the frequency of breakdowns. (B) The level of sophistication of the technology used in stormdetecting radar system can be determined from the reliability of the system. (C) The reliability of stormdetecting radar systems is determined by their accuracy in predicting weather patterns. (D) Computer hardware is now a key ponent of the new stormdetecting radar systems used by weather forecasting services. (E) Most of the significant advances in stormdetecting technology were made in the 1950s. 2. 加強(qiáng)。 英文標(biāo)志詞： support, strengthen, conclusion can be drawn if it were true that. （ 1） 橋梁型。 A— B （ 2） B 存在。 例 1. Because incumbent members of Congress are given a great deal of attention by the news media and because they enjoy such perquisites as free mail privileges and generous travel allowances, incumbents enjoy an overwhelming advantage over their challengers in elections for the United States Congress. Which of the following, if true, best supports the claim above? (A) In the last congressional elections, incumbents met with a larger number of lobbyists than did challengers. (B) In the last congressional elections, 98 percent of the incumbents in the House of Representatives who were seeking reelection won. (C) Incumbent members of Congress are frequently critical of the amount of attention given to them by the news media. (D) The support that political station action mittees provide to challengers for congressional seats often pensates for the perquisites enjoyed by incumbent members of Congress. (E) Of all incumbent senators surveyed before the last congressional elections, 78 percent said that their challengers did not pose a serious threat to their chances for reelection. 例 2. Recent surveys show that many people who seek media help are under a great deal of stress. Medical research also shows that stress can adversely affect an individual’s immune system, which is responsible for bating many infections. Thus when a person is under stress, he or she is more likely to bee ill. Which of the following, if true, would most strength the conclusion above? (A) Many businesses that provide health insurance for their employees also provide seminars on stress management. (B) Many businesses report a significant decrease in absenteeism during periods when employees feel pressured by management. (C) There is a marked decrease in the number of plaints presented at college infirmaries during vacation time. (D) There is a marked increase in the number of illness treated at college infirmaries around the time of examinations. (E) Most people report that being in a hospital or an infirmary is a stressful situation. 3. 削弱。 英文標(biāo)志詞： weaken, cast doubt, argue against, damage, counter, challenge, refute, jeopardize, undermine, drawback, flaw, criticism, reasoning error, weakness. （ 1） 斷橋型。 A≠ B 例 1. Scientists now believe that artificialhip implants, previously thought to be safe, may actually increase the risk of cancer in recipients after about 45 years of use. Though these implants do improve the quality of recipient’s lives, the increased risk of cancer is an unacceptable price to pay for these improvements. Therefore, they should be banned. Which of the following, if true, is the strongest counterargument to the argument above? (A) Artificialhip implant surgery can cause severe plications, such as infection, chronic fever, and bone degeneration, and these plications can themselves be crippling or even fatal. (B) Almost all artificialhip implant recipients receive their implants at an age when they are unlikely to live more than an additional 30 years. (C) Although artificialhip implants increase the risk of cancer after about 45 year of use, a few of the cancers they induce are not fatal. (D) Since artificialhip implants are not very mon, banning them would cause little hardship. (E) Although the benefits of artificialhip implant surgery have remained substantially the same over the past decade, the price of the surgery has risen considerably. 例 2. Metropolis regulation limiting to four days the period during which milk can be sold to consumers after pasteurization is unreasonable. Under optimal conditions, pasteurized milk kept at 40 degrees Fahrenheit remains unspoiled for at least 14 days. If Metropolis current limitation were changed to eight days, milk prices would drop, but product quality would be unaffected. Which of the following, if true, would most seriously weaken the conclusion drawn above? (A) Most consumers keep milk no more than three days after purchase. (B) A recent survey showed that 20 percent of Metropolis consumers favored extending the current limitation on the sale of milk to 8 days. (C) Metropolis’ grocerystore owners would prefer small, frequent deliveries of milk to larger, infrequent deliveries. (D) Milk kept longer than 14 days after pasteurization generally present