【正文】 nts above? (A) People who are mentally healthy will be treated morally by others. (B) People who are mentally healthy will have treated morally those they esteem. (C) People who are mentally healthy must have selfrespect in other to be treated morally by others. (D) People can expect to be treated morally by others only if they esteem these others. (E) People who have selfrespect seldom treat morally those esteem. 例 3. Most television viewers estimate how frequently a particular type of accident or crime occurs by how extensively it is discussed on television news shows. Television news shows report more on stories that include dramatic pictures such as fires and motor vehicle accidents than they do on more mon stories that have little visual drama such as bookkeeping fraud. If the statements above are true, it can be properly concluded that which of the following is also true? (A) The time television news reporters spend researching news stories is directly related to the number of viewers who will be affected by events like those in the news stories. (B) It is easier for crimes such as bookkeeping fraud to go unprosecuted than it is crimes such as arson. (C) The number of fires and motor vehicle accidents greatly increases after each television news show that includes dramatic pictures of a fire or motor vehicle accident. (D) Viewers of television news show tend to overestimate the number of fires and motor vehicle accidents that occur relative to the number of crimes of bookkeeping fraud. (E) The usual selection of news stories for television news show is determined by the number of news reporters available for assignment. 二． 無關(guān)詞排除法。 A,indicate/show B if A,then B。 A— B （ 2） B 存在。 A is result of B。 橋梁型。 (C) 未獲得 t 的藥物治療。 例 1. The population of elephant seals, reduced by hunting to perhaps a few dozen animals early in this century, has soared under federal protection during the last few decades. However, because the species repopulated itself through extensive inbreeding, it now exhibits a geic uniformity that is almost unparalleled in other species of mammals, and thus it is in far greater danger of being extinct than are most other species. Given the information in the passage above, which of the following is most likely the reason that other species of mammals are less likely than elephant seals to bee extinct? (A) Other species of mammals have large populations, so the loss of a few members of the species is not significant. (B) Other species of mammals have increased their knowledge of dangers though the experience of generation after generation of animals. (C) In other species of mammals, hunters can readily distinguish between males and females or between young animals and adults. (D) In other species of mammals, some members of the species are geically better equipped to withstand a disease or event that destroys other members of the species. (E) Other species of mammals have retained habits of caution and alertness because they have not been protected as endangered species. 2． 解釋矛盾。 假設(shè)？（關(guān)于這種人） (A) 不可能被完全根治 t。 ,AB AB 例 1. Artificial seaweed made of plastic has been placed on a section of coast in order to reverse beach erosion. The inventor of the seaweed has concluded that the recent buildup of sand on that section of coast proves that the artificial seaweed reverses beach erosion. Which of the following, if true, world most seriously weaken the inventor’s conclusion? (A) The amount of recent sand buildup on that section of coast was less than had been predicted on the basis of the results obtained in controlled experiments. (B) Because artificial seaweed would be buried eventually by additional sand deposits on the coast, more artificial seaweed would need to be put in place every four years. (C) Artificial seaweed of another material which had been previously developed by the inventor failed to add sand to coastline in past trials. (D) The amount of recent sand buildup on that section of coast is the same as the amount of recent sand buildup on otherwise very similar sections of coast without artificial seaweed. (E) The amount of recent sand buildup on that section of coast, although considerable, is not yet enough to replace the amount lost during storms on that section of coast in the last twenty years. 例 2. The presence of microanisms that produce a toxin cause sweater to turn brownish red, phenomenon known as a red ride. Sea otters do not feed in areas where clams, their main source of food, have bee contaminated with this toxin. According to a proposed explanation of the otter’s behavior, the otters sample the clams in a potential feeding area and can taste any toxin in them. Which of the following, if true, would most strongly indicate that the hypothesis described in the last sentence of the passage of the passage is not correct? (A) In some of the area where red tides occur, neither clams nor sea otters are indigenous species. (B) The presence of sea otters in a given area has a significant effect on which other marine anisms are to be found in that areas. (C) When seawater in an area unaffected by red tide is artificially dyed brownish red, sea otters do not feed on the clams in that area. (D) If the clams in a given areas are contaminated with toxin, sea otters move to other areas in search of food. (E) Although very small amounts of the toxin produced during a red tide are not harmful, large doses can be fatal to animals the size of sea otters. 例 3. Since 1945 there have been numerous international confrontations as tense as those that precipitated the Second World War, and yet no largescale conflict has resulted. To explain this, some argue that fear of enormous destruction such as the Second War produced has had a dramatic deterrent effect. Which of t