【正文】
這部分群體的飲水問題國家還要給于政策、資金方面的扶持,促進(jìn)其經(jīng)濟(jì)持續(xù)發(fā)展和家庭收入的穩(wěn)步提高。 大力推進(jìn)鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)節(jié)水,強(qiáng)化新技術(shù)、新設(shè)備的應(yīng)用鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)供水工程規(guī)劃建設(shè)要貫徹國務(wù)院國(2000)36號(hào)文件(2000年11月7日)精神,節(jié)約用水要做到“三同時(shí)、四到位”,即建設(shè)項(xiàng)目的主體工程與節(jié)水措施同時(shí)設(shè)計(jì)、同時(shí)施工、同時(shí)投入使用;取水用水單位必須做到用水計(jì)劃到位、節(jié)水目標(biāo)到位、節(jié)水措施到位、管理制度到位。加大國家有關(guān)節(jié)水技術(shù)政策和技術(shù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的貫徹執(zhí)行力度,制定并推行節(jié)水型用水器具的強(qiáng)制性標(biāo)準(zhǔn),積極推廣節(jié)水型用水器具的應(yīng)用,提高生活用水效率,節(jié)約水資源。隨著我國現(xiàn)代化進(jìn)程的加快,西部地區(qū)的這種飲水問題愈來愈突出,因此從現(xiàn)在起就需要引起重視,加強(qiáng)技術(shù)研究力度,盡早提出解決對(duì)策和具體措施。但是,我國近90%的城鎮(zhèn)飲用水源已受到城市污水、工業(yè)廢水和農(nóng)業(yè)排水不同程度的污染,對(duì)數(shù)億人口飲用水的安全構(gòu)成重大威脅,特別是對(duì)靠“自建設(shè)施”取水、無安全可靠的自來水處理工藝保障的農(nóng)民等人群的影響更大。農(nóng)村飲水與鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)供水涉及到近10億人口的生產(chǎn)、生活及衛(wèi)生等方面的直接利益,是社會(huì)穩(wěn)定的重要因素,建立農(nóng)村飲水與鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)供水的工程質(zhì)量驗(yàn)收評(píng)定體系,對(duì)保證農(nóng)村飲水與鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)供水事業(yè)的健康發(fā)展具有重要意義。2. 錢正英、張光斗 《中國可持續(xù)發(fā)展水資源戰(zhàn)略研究綜合報(bào)告及各專題報(bào)告》,北京:中國水利電力出版社,2001。4. 侯捷 《中國城市節(jié)水2010年技術(shù)進(jìn)步發(fā)展規(guī)劃》,北京:文匯出版社,1998。6. 楊雍哲 《WTO與中國農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)戰(zhàn)略調(diào)整》,北京:中國農(nóng)業(yè)出版社,2001。8.“九五”時(shí)期國民經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)發(fā)展系列分析報(bào)告之十九 “中國農(nóng)村居民生活進(jìn)一步改善” 9.“九五”時(shí)期國民經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)發(fā)展系列分析報(bào)告之二十 “我國城鎮(zhèn)化水平繼續(xù)提高”10. 水利部農(nóng)村水利司,全國鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)供水“十五”計(jì)劃及2010年發(fā)展規(guī)劃。Development Strategies of Rural and Town Water SupplyLiu Qunchang Liu Wenchao Xu DiNational Center of Efficient Irrigation Engineering and Technology Research BeijingAbstract To acquire safe water supply is the basic demand of human beings. It is the essential requirement of social development to provide safe and convenient water supply for the rural area and towns. It is also one of the important content of promoting modernization in rural area and the demand of implementing small towns strategy in China. The implementation of rural and town water supply strategies will promote the social and economic development, improve the quality of rural population and stabilize the social system in the rural area. In this paper, a holistic idea, the strategic objective and layout, and the method of implementation are put forwarded based on the analysis of the present situation and the situation to be confronted with in the early 21st century about rural and town water supply. Key words rural and town water supply, present situation, development strategy8 / 8