【正文】 止跳動(dòng)以及能造成高血壓，可知，加速脈率是壓力可能對(duì)身體造成的影響之一。 （2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解?？芍?，焦慮是壓力可能對(duì)人的情緒帶來的影響之一。故選C。根據(jù)第四段中的“Longterm stress can lead to a variety of serious mental illnesses.”長(zhǎng)期壓力能帶來很多嚴(yán)重的精神疾病，可知，本段主要討論壓力可能帶來的精神問題。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和主旨大意兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇健康類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。Rumors(謠言): we39。ve all spread some. In more traditional times they shook entire families. Today, they circulate differently because the way we share information has also changed. t enjoy being on the receiving end of one, since they usually don39。Normally rumors are oral messages: word of mouth. The paradox(自相矛盾) is that there is no evidence to support rumors, but the more people share it, the more they see it as true. To finish defining rumors, we think that they follow certain very clear laws. Secrecy: The source is unknown. There is also a proven phenomenon that human beings usually forget the source of a message before they forget its content. Certainty: We hardly question rumors simply because of the mental effort involved. On the other hand, no one likes to doubt a person who convinces us that the information they spread is true. Change: It acts like a tree. New rumors branch out to fill in the gaps left by the initial rumor. How can we end rumors? The answer is as simple as it is impossible: preventing people from municating. A more realistic response is equally difficult, although less than the first one. It is that we should be critical of the information we receive. We should ask ourselves if the source is reliable. Ask (if possible) the person you heard it from whether they also trust the information. We should also think about if the rumor benefits someone, and if that someone started the rumor. s why we say, history is always told by the victors. The first payment the defeated must make is to accept the victor39。s the author39。re happy to be the receiving end of them. may have negative influence on society. often hide good intentions in the messages.（3）How are rumors like trees? keep changing, just as trees change their color. are deeply rooted in reality, like tree roots in the earth. rumors have gaps, like the space between tree branches. rumors grow out of the original, like branches out of a trunk.（4）What does the underlined word viral in Paragraph 4 probably mean? easily spread acceptable easily defended. beneficial.（5）Which of the following may the author agree with? is easy to prevent people from spreading rumors. are often active in judging the rumors critically. should think about the hidden message of the rumors. told by the victors are usually better worth trusting.【答案】 （1）A（2）C（3）D（4）A（5）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇議論文，介紹了什么是謠言，謠言的危害，特點(diǎn)及怎樣避免謠言。根據(jù)第一段中的“In more traditional times they shook entire families.”；第二段中的“The fact is that rumors have great potential to upset things, whether socially or personally.”；以及第四段中的“Another property of rumors is that they tend to bee viral.”等信息可知作者認(rèn)為謠言會(huì)對(duì)個(gè)人生活和社會(huì)造成混亂，作者對(duì)謠言是批評(píng)的態(tài)度。 （2）考查推理判斷。故選C。根據(jù)第三段中的“Change: It acts like a tree. New rumors branch out to fill in the gaps left by the initial rumor.”把謠言比作樹，新謠言的出現(xiàn)填補(bǔ)了最初謠言留下的空白。故選D。根據(jù)第四段中的“Each receiver is at the same time a potential transmitter of the information. The receiver often adds their own opinion. Their manner and tone of transmitting it also changes it.”可知每個(gè)接收者同時(shí)又是信息潛在的發(fā)送者。這是在說謠言的危害，像病毒一樣容易傳播。 （5）考查推理判斷。故選C。8．閱讀理解 Consider the negative effects of not sharing a story in the news: People are wondering if public health officials are holding back too much information about the recent outbreak of Ebola. There are a number of reasons why we hide parts of our story: they often show our weaknesses or expose our disadvantages。 and of course, there are some stories that should be kept secret—especially those that embarrass someone else. Honesty and openness is important: It proves we are trustworthy. It displays we are human. We are not perfect or better. It highlights the importance of hard work and personal development. Hard work may not allow us to overe our disadvantages pletely. But with hard work, we do not have to be restricted to our mistakes. s the function of the example in Paragraph 2? reflects that people are concerning about the spread of Ebola. shows the bad effect caused by sharing a story. proves not sharing a story can cause trouble. concludes that one should share a story at a proper time.（2）One of the reasons why people are unwilling to share experiences is that _______. highlights the importance of hard work are used to exposing their weaknesses sometimes have no courage to share their stories stories make themselves feel uneasy（3）Which is close in meaning to the underlined word uncorked in Paragraph 3? （4）The writer aims to convince us to _______. open to people close to you by sharing some secrets stories appropriately for the good of others and ourselves the dangers that can be caused by untold stories the importance of being honest when making friends【答案】 （1）C（2）C（3）A（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，作者強(qiáng)調(diào)了分享自己故事的重要性，并且加以證明。根據(jù)第二段中的“Consider the negative effects of not sharing a story in the news”可知不分享故事會(huì)有消極的影響，并且舉了例子來證明，故選C。根據(jù)第四段中的“they require courage and strength to share”可知他們需要勇氣和力量分享，所以可推理出有人缺少勇氣，故選C。根據(jù)第三段中的“When they are finally uncorked, their power to destroy is set free.”當(dāng)他們最終自由了，他們的破壞力就是自由，故選A。縱觀全文可知，文章一直在寫我們要分享自己的故事，才不會(huì)有太大的壓力，所以作者旨在使我們相信適當(dāng)?shù)姆窒砦覀兊墓适拢瑢?duì)我們自己和別人都好，故選B。9．閱讀理解 re young can lead to health problems later. t consume more than about a teaspoon of salt daily. The average American eats twice this amount. This worries doctors because too much sodium results in the body producing more blood. To pump the extra blood, the heart has to work harder. This causes a rise in blood pressure a measurement of how stressed the heart is. High blood pressure often leads to heart disease. 160