【正文】 s have introduced us to new forms of scientists have cured disease, sought new frontiers of progress, and helped us go to ，新經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)院是一個(gè)年輕的院校，但今天我心懷對(duì)俄羅斯不朽的傳統(tǒng)的高度敬重之情對(duì)你們發(fā)表講話。俄羅斯畫家、作曲家和舞蹈家使我們領(lǐng)略到了美的新形式。These are contributions that are not contained by Russia39。s heritage has touched every corner of the world, and speaks to the humanity that we includes my own country, which has been blessed with Russian immigrants for decades。ve been enriched by Russian culture, and enhanced by Russian as a resident of Washington, ., I continue to benefit from the contributions of Russiansspecifically, from Alexander 39。毫無疑問，俄羅斯的傳統(tǒng)已傳播到世界每一個(gè)角落，激發(fā)了我們共有的人性。作為首都華盛頓哥倫比亞特區(qū)的居民，我繼續(xù)獲得俄羅斯人的貢獻(xiàn)帶來的惠益──特別是因?yàn)閬喠ι酱笏≡谌A盛頓哥倫比亞特區(qū)，我們非常高興。re poised to be leaders in academia and industry。s worth reflecting on what has already taken place during your young ，你們繼承了這個(gè)偉大的文化傳統(tǒng)。正如普希金所說，“靈感對(duì)于幾何學(xué)，如同靈感對(duì)于詩(shī)歌一樣必不可少。你們即將成為學(xué)術(shù)界和工業(yè)界的領(lǐng)軍人，成為金融界和政界的主力。Like President Medvedev and myself, you39。你們是全世界壁壘分明的時(shí)期出生的最后一代人。上一個(gè)世紀(jì)意識(shí)形態(tài)的壁壘大致依舊。一方獲勝，另一方必失。如今毫無疑問的是：這個(gè)變革并非由任何一個(gè)單獨(dú)的國(guó)家引發(fā)。With the end of the Cold War, there were extraordinary expectationsfor peace and for prosperity。t always work out exactly as in 1993, shortly after this school opened, one NES student summed up the difficulty of change when he told a reporter, and I quote him: “The real world is not so rational as on paper.” The real world is not so rational as on ，人們產(chǎn)生種種殷切的期待── 希望實(shí)現(xiàn)和平與繁榮；建立國(guó)家間的新秩序，以及為個(gè)人提供新機(jī)會(huì)。然而，任何事物都不可能時(shí)時(shí)一帆風(fēng)順，事事如人心愿。他說道：“現(xiàn)實(shí)的世界并不像書本上那樣理性。Over two tumultuous decades, that truth has been borne out around the wealth has been created, but it has not eliminated vast pockets of crushing exists here, it exists in the United States, and it exists all around the people have gone to the ballot box, but too many governments still fail to protect the rights of their struggles have diminished, but they39。雖然創(chuàng)造出巨額財(cái)富，但它并未消除遍布四方的極度貧困。有更多的人參加了投票，但仍有太多國(guó)家的政府仍舊未能保護(hù)本國(guó)人民的權(quán)利。一個(gè)擁有電腦的人可以擁有與俄羅斯國(guó)家圖書館（Russian State Library）等量的信息，但這種技術(shù)也可被用于制造嚴(yán)重傷害。一些人致富了，但更多的人沒有。但俄羅斯人民顯示了堅(jiān)韌不拔的力量，作出了犧牲，通過經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)取得了來之不易的進(jìn)步，并且增強(qiáng)了信心。We see that progress here at NESa school founded with Western support that is now distinctly Russian。這個(gè)在西方支持下成立的學(xué)院如今具有鮮明的俄羅斯特色，成為從事研究與探索的學(xué)府；在這里，檢驗(yàn)一個(gè)理念的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)不在于它是俄羅斯的、美國(guó)的、還是歐洲的，而是看它是否行得通。Your lifetime coincides with this era of think about the fundamental questions asked when this school was kind of future is Russia going to have? What kind of future are Russia and America going to have together? What world order will replace the Cold War? Those questions still don39。想一想在這個(gè)學(xué)院剛成立時(shí)所提出的一些基本問題：俄羅斯將有什么樣的未來？俄羅斯和美國(guó)將有什么樣的共同未來？會(huì)有什么樣的世界秩序取代冷戰(zhàn)？對(duì)這些問題仍然沒有明確的答案，因此它們必須由你們來回答——由在俄羅斯、美國(guó)和全世界的你們這一代人來回答。雖然我無法替你們回答這些問題，但我可以明了地談一談美國(guó)正在尋求的未來。這一信念植根于我們對(duì)俄羅斯人民的尊敬以及兩國(guó)間超越競(jìng)爭(zhēng)關(guān)系的共同歷史。最近，我在諾曼底（Normandy）時(shí)曾指出這一點(diǎn)：如同來自波士頓和伯明翰的戰(zhàn)士奮不顧身攻上海灘、登上懸崖一樣，來自喀山（Kazan）、基輔（Kiev）等地的蘇聯(lián)士兵忍受了難以想象的艱難困苦，取消了——擊退了入侵，在東線扭轉(zhuǎn)了局勢(shì)?！盨o as we honor this past, we also recognize the future benefit that will e from a strong and vibrant of the issues that will define your lives: security from nuclear weapons and extremism。health and the environment。想一想這些將決定你們生活的問題：不受核武器和極端主義傷害；市場(chǎng)準(zhǔn)入和機(jī)會(huì)；衛(wèi)生與環(huán)境；保護(hù)國(guó)家主權(quán)與人權(quán)并促進(jìn)穩(wěn)定與繁榮的國(guó)際體系。Yet unfortunately, there is sometimes a sense that old assumptions must prevail, old ways of thinking。有一種20世紀(jì)的觀念，認(rèn)為美國(guó)與俄羅斯注定互為對(duì)手，認(rèn)為一個(gè)強(qiáng)大的俄羅斯或強(qiáng)大的美國(guó)惟有在相互對(duì)立中才可顯示自己的威力。These assumptions are 2009, a great power does not show strength by dominating or demonizing other days when empires could treat sovereign states as pieces on a chess board are I said in Cairo, given our independence, any world order thatgiven our interdependence, any world order that tries to elevate one nation or one group of people over another will inevitably pursuit of power is no longer a zerosum gameprogress must be 。帝國(guó)可以將主權(quán)國(guó)家當(dāng)棋盤上的棋子擺布的時(shí)代已經(jīng)結(jié)束。尋求實(shí)力不再是零和游戲——進(jìn)步必須共享。s why I have called for a “reset” in relations between the United States and must be more than a fresh start between the Kremlin and the White Housethough that is important and I39。這決不能僅限于克林姆林宮與白宮關(guān)系的新開端——盡管這一點(diǎn)很重要，我與貴國(guó)總統(tǒng)和總理分別就此舉行了極好的討論。This will not be 39。s hard to change habits that have been ingrained in our governments and our bureaucracies for I believe that on the fundamental issues that will shape this century, Americans and Russians share mon interests that form a basis for is not for me to define Russia39。s national interests, and I believe that you will see that we share mon 。但我相信在決定本世紀(jì)走向的基本問題上，美國(guó)人民與俄羅斯人民擁有共同的利益，從而提供了合作的基礎(chǔ)。我相信你們會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)我們擁有共同的基點(diǎn)。In the last century, generations of Americans and Russians inherited the power to destroy nations, and the understanding that using that power would bring about our own 2009, our inheritance is and I don39。2009年，我們傳承的是完全不同的事物。但我們確實(shí)有必要問這樣一個(gè)問題：我們有必要問一問，在紐約和莫斯科殺害無辜平民的極端主義分子會(huì)不會(huì)表現(xiàn)同樣的克制。This is the core of the nuclear challenge in the 21st notion that prestige es from holding these weapons, or that we can protect ourselves by picking and choosing which nations can have these weapons, is an the short period since the end of the Cold War, we39。認(rèn)為擁有這些核武器就能提高自己的地位，或認(rèn)為一旦確認(rèn)和鑒別哪些國(guó)家可以擁有這些核武器，我們就能保護(hù)自己，都?不切實(shí)際的幻想。如果不發(fā)生根本性的變化，我們中間有誰真正相信今后20年不會(huì)出現(xiàn)核武器的進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)散？That39。s two leading nuclear while I know this goal won39。這與我們?cè)凇恫粩U(kuò)散核武器條約》(Nuclear NonProliferation Treaty)中作出的承諾相一致。盡管我知道這個(gè)目標(biāo)不可能很快實(shí)現(xiàn)，但爭(zhēng)取實(shí)現(xiàn)這個(gè)目標(biāo)可以為防止核武器擴(kuò)散并避免其實(shí)際使用提供法律和道義的基礎(chǔ)。re already taking important steps to build this , President Medvedev and I made progress on negotiating a new treaty that will substantially reduce our warheads and delivery renewed our mitment to clean, safe and peaceful nuclear energy, which must be a right for all nations that live up to their responsibilities under the we agreed to increase cooperation on nuclear security, which is essential to achieving the goal of securing all vulnerable nuclear material within four 。這個(gè)條約將大大減少我們的彈頭和運(yùn)載系統(tǒng)的數(shù)量。我們同意加強(qiáng)在核安全問題上的合作，這對(duì)于達(dá)到在四年內(nèi)保障所有危險(xiǎn)核材料的安全的目標(biāo)至關(guān)重要。s why we should be united in opposing North Korea39。s efforts to acquire a nuclear I39。不論美國(guó)還是俄羅斯，我們兩國(guó)都不可能從東亞和中東的核武器競(jìng)賽中獲益。我感到高興的是，梅德韋杰夫總統(tǒng)和我同意對(duì)彈道導(dǎo)彈問題──21世紀(jì)彈道導(dǎo)彈構(gòu)成的挑戰(zhàn)，包括來自伊朗和北韓的威脅──聯(lián)合進(jìn)行威脅評(píng)估。s about the responsibilities of all we fail to sta