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【正文】 NovemberDelay even in the former half, large delay in the latter halfTime WindowDepotDelay Delay37Kyoto University Global COE “Human Security Engineering”VRPTWPDiagram of 21 NovemberLarge delay in the latter halfDelay DelayTime WindowDepot38Kyoto University Global COE “Human Security Engineering”VRPTWP + Ants RoutingDiagram of 21 November Small delaysDelayDelayDelayTime WindowDepot23/2839Kyoto University Global COE “Human Security Engineering”Results (Running time)24/2840Results (Costs) November 17 18 21 22 24 Mean (%)VRPTWF Early Arrival 0 0 0 0 0 0 Delay 38,930 50,637 45,938 51,046 52,246 47,759Expected Operation 8,887 9,469 9,409 9,567 9,407 9,34862,523 Total 68,652 80,940 76,182 81,448 82,488 77,942 100VRPTWP Early Arrival 78 17 75 0 135 61 Delay 29,335 36,141 30,092 36,188 23,821 31,115Expected Operation 9,749 9,924 9,634 10,009 9,201 9,70343,094 Total 59,996 66,918 60,636 67,032 53,992 61,715 VRPTWPA Early Arrival 97 0 0 35 162 59Delay 6,120 10,161 11,035 9,295 9,725 9,267Expected Operation 8,625 9,115 8,992 9,102 8,939 8,95538,373 Total 35,677 40,111 40,862 39,267 39,661 39,116 (Unit : Japanese Yen)41Kyoto University Global COE “Human Security Engineering”Comparison with conventional planner? Plan was made by a planner of freight pany? Compared on expected costs? Use 3 trucks, no delay, large early arrival? Operation cost and total cost are larger than that of VRPTWPA Fixed cost Operation costDelay PenaltyEarly arrival penalty Total cost (%)VRPTWF 20,835 11,004 30,408 276 62,523 VRPTWP 20,835 10,760 11,305 194 43,094 VRPTWPA 20,835 11,593 5,725 219 38,373 Planner 31,253 14,518 0 2,361 48,132 (Unit:Yen)Kyoto University Global COE “Human Security Engineering”Total distance and mean vehicle speed of each caseTotal Distance (km)Mean Speed (km/h)VRPTWF VRPTWP VRPTWPA Negative impacts on the environment CO2(g) NOx(g) SPM(g)VRPTWF VRPTWP VRPTWPA Results (negative impacts on the environment)27/28Kyoto University Global COE “Human Security Engineering”Hazardous material transport? Multiobjective optimisationKyoto University Global COE “Human Security Engineering”Kyoto University Global COE “Human Security Engineering”5 Multiagent simulation with ambiguityKyoto University Global COE “Human Security Engineering”Interaction among stakeholders (agents)Freight carrierShipper AdministratorCity logistic measures (road pricing, cooperative freight transport systems)NOx emissionsSubsidies if choosing environmentally friendly freight carriersPropose price for maximising profitSelect freight carrier for minimising cost47Kyoto University Global COE “Human Security Engineering”Case study (A) Effects of VRPTWDFixed cost 5 (unit/min.)Operation cost (unit/min.)Delay penalty (unit/min.)Average 40 min.Variance 20 min260min.40 min2Link travel timeFreight carrierAFreightCarrier BShipper 2Shipper 1Cost of freight carrierShipper 1 (unit/min.)Shipper 2 3 (unit/min.)Cost of shipper due to delay arrival (time window: 60 min.)48Kyoto University Global COE “Human Security Engineering
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