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英漢語言十大差異-在線瀏覽

2024-08-08 05:40本頁面
  

【正文】 讀: wave of cigar smoke acpanied Ogilvie in.譯文:奧格爾維進(jìn)門時帶進(jìn)來一縷雪茄煙霧。2.“Hi!Hi!” said the cab driver, whose door popped open at the very sight of a traveler.譯文:“嗨!嗨!”出租車司機(jī)嚷道,他一瞅見乘客就“砰”地一聲打開車門。) fed on the man who had made the world laugh.譯文:這位曾給全世界帶來笑聲的人自己卻飽嘗辛酸。)像這樣的例子有很多, 望多引起注意。充任主語的詞既然有大量“無靈”(Inanimate)物稱,其被動句式則有了繁衍的前提,反之,漢語具有人稱傾向,自然采用更多的主動句式。其內(nèi)在的修辭功能在于:不必強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的施行者,則將其置于句尾時之后;抑或不必、不愿或不便言明動作的施行者,則干脆將其省略。 is felt to be a little stiff.譯文:人們認(rèn)為他有點拘謹(jǐn)。 challenge from the Third world has always been foreseen by our shipping panies.譯文:我們的航海運輸公司總能預(yù)見來自第三世界的挑戰(zhàn)。任何家庭都離不開它,因為做飯的時候就要用它。植物油和動物油還可以用來制作肥皂。這一段共有四句話,就用了四個被動語態(tài)。6.修飾(1)英語重后飾;漢語重前飾從“語序”( Word Order)觀察,由于英語與漢語如前所述同屬分析性語言,語序在各自的語法中具有同等的重要性,而且通常都采用“主、謂、賓”(SVO)的線性排列順序,然而,英漢在修飾語(定語和狀語)的位置處理上凸現(xiàn)一個差異。值得注意的是,漢語的修飾語無論是由詞、短語或是句子來充任,其位置總是處于被修飾成分之前。英語以“尾重”句為美,而這種“美”之造就多半依靠“重后飾”的表達(dá)習(xí)慣。英語The diagnosis seems in every case,漢語每次看病的診斷;英語all the sensations that I have ever felt,漢語我所有的感覺。英語an argument with a person having a different bias,漢語與持不同偏見的 人進(jìn)行辯論。(2)(鋪陳 平淡)修辭方面。漢語行文講究聲律對仗,用字凝煉含蓄、追求工整勻稱,音韻和美。輕快的龍舟如銀河流星、瑰麗的彩船似海市蜃樓,兩岸那金碧輝煌的彩樓連成一片水晶宮,是仙境?是夢境?仰視彩鴿翩飛,低眸漂燈流霓,焰火怒放樹銀花,燈舞回旋千姿百態(tài),氣墊船騰起一江春湖,射擊手點破滿天彩球,跳傘健兒綻放空中花蕾,搶鴨勇士譜水上凱歌……啊,(某某)城是不夜城,龍舟會是群英會。請看下面的譯文: The lightsome dragonboats appear on the river as though the stars twinkle in the Milk Way. The richly decorated pleasure boats look like a scene of mirage. The splendent awnings in green and gold chain into a palace of crystal. Is this a fairyland or a mere dream? Looking above, you can see the beautiful doves flying about. Looking below, you can see the sailing lamps glittering. Cracking are the fireworks, which present you a picture of fiery trees and silver flowers. Circling are the lanterndancers, who present you a variation of exquisite manner. Over there the motorboats are plowing the water, thus a tide stirs up. Over there, the marksmen are shooting to their targets, thus colorful beads whirl around. Therefore, we should say that this is a city of no light。英文表達(dá)重形式、重寫實、重理性,句子結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)整、表達(dá)思維縝密、行文注重邏輯性、用詞強(qiáng)調(diào)簡潔自然、描寫突出直觀可感。漢語中華麗的詞藻往往無多大實際意義,大多出于講究聲韻對仗、渲染情感氣氛或順應(yīng)漢語行文習(xí)慣方面的考慮。不妨看看以下這個譯例: 當(dāng)你步入溝中,便可見林中碧海澹蕩生輝,瀑布舒灑碧玉。盛夏,湖山幽翠?!渡裨捠澜缇耪瘻稀稭ystic lakes and sparkling waterfalls captivate your eyes as you enter the ravine. The trees are in their greenest in spring when intensified by colourful flowers. In summer, warm tints spread over the hills and lakelands. As summer merges into autumn, the maples trees turn fiery red. Splashing color through the thick forest hills…Tranquility pervades primitive Jiuzhaigou throughout the year. 在這里譯者打破了原文的篇章結(jié)構(gòu)模式,調(diào)整了語序,擺脫了原文修辭風(fēng)格的束縛,去掉了不必要的溢美之詞,大膽地用簡潔練達(dá)的英語,直觀具體地將原文所描寫的景物表達(dá)出來?,F(xiàn)代漢語好用雙音節(jié)詞和四字詞語,在表現(xiàn)形式上追求形式整齊、字詞對稱?!睗h語習(xí)慣在“好”前加“很“,讀起來較順口。漢語的這種表達(dá)習(xí)慣常造成詞語堆砌,同義重復(fù)和修飾語濫用。因此,漢語讀起來很順口的詞語,直接轉(zhuǎn)成英語就不順了,漢譯英時如果按漢語思維習(xí)慣處理,譯文就會讓人不忍卒讀?!皬氐追鬯椤敝弊g就是thoroughly smash,難道“粉碎”了,還不算徹底嗎?“不切實際的幻想”直譯就是impractical illusion,幻想本來就是不切實際的,難道還有切合實際的幻想嗎?“不幸的悲劇” 直譯是an unfortunate tragedy,悲劇本來就是不幸
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