【正文】
are any guide. Websites are doing ever more and cleverer things to serve and entertain their customers, and seem set to take a much bigger share of people’s overall spending in the future. This has enormous implications for business. A pany that neglects its website may be mitting mercial suicide. A website is increasingly being the gateway to a pany’s brand, products and services—even if the firm does not sell online. A useless website suggests a useless pany, and a rival is only a mouseclick away. But even the coolest website will be lost in cyberspace if people cannot find it, so panies have to ensure that they appear high up in inter search results. For many users, a search site is now their point of entry to the inter. The bestknown search engine has already entered the lexicon: people say they have “Googled” a pany, a product or their plumber. The search business has also developed one of the most effective forms of advertising on the inter. And it is already the best way to reach some consumers: teenagers and young men spend more time online than watching television. All this means that search is turning into the inter’s next big battleground as Google defends itself against challenges from Yahoo! and Microsoft. The other way to get noticed online is to offer goods and services through one of the big sites that already get a lot of traffic. Ebay, Yahoo! and Amazon are being huge trading platforms for other panies. But to take part, a pany’s products have to stand up to intense price petition. People check online prices, pare them with those in their local high street and may well take a peek at what customers in other countries are paying. Even if websites are prevented from shipping their goods abroad, there are plenty of webbased entrepreneurs ready to oblige. What is going on here is arbitrage between different sales channels, says Mohanbir Sawhney, professor of technology at the Kellogg School of Management in Chicago. For instance, someone might use the inter to research digital cameras, but visit a photographic shop for a handson demonstration. “I’ll think about it,” they will tell the sales assistant. Back home, they will use a search engine to find the lowest price and buy online. In this way, consumers are “deconstructing the purchasing process”, says Professor Sawhney. They are unbundling product information from the transaction itself. 4 It is not only price transparency that makes inter consumers so powerful。 among its latest ventures are health products, jewellery and gourmet food. Apart from cheap and bulky items such as garden rakes, Mr Bezos thinks he can sell most things. And so do the millions of people who use eBay. And yet nobody thinks real shops are finished, especially those operating in niche markets. Many bricksandmortar bookshops still make a good living, as do flea markets. But many record shops and travel agents could be in for a tougher time. Erik Blachford, the head of IAC’s travel side and boss of Expedia, the biggest inter travel agent, thinks online travel bookings in America could quickly move from 20% of the market to mo