【正文】 to take effective measures to reduce air pollution.【答案】 for；conducted；scores；was published；those；poisonous；highest；the；who；to solve 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，科學研究表明空氣污染可能會導致人的智力下降，并且隨著年齡的增長，其可能會阻礙認知能力。 （1）考查介詞。be responsible for固定短語，“對……負責，是……的原因”。 （2）考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結構可知，showed是本句的謂語，此處應用非謂語動詞作定語，修飾名詞The research，主語The research和動詞conduct之間是被動關系，所以此處應用conduct的過去分詞形式表被動。 （3）考查名詞。score“分數(shù)，成績”，是可數(shù)名詞，此處表示語言和算術的測試分數(shù)，應用復數(shù)形式。 （4）考查時態(tài)語態(tài)。句子的主語It指代前一句中的The study，The study和publish之間是被動關系，且publish這一動作發(fā)生在過去，所以應用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。 （5）考查代詞。此處應用those指代那些在城市居住的人。 （6）考查形容詞。根據(jù)空格后的名詞air可知，此處應用形容詞修飾名詞air，表示“有毒的空氣”。 （7）考查形容詞。根據(jù)空格前的the和序數(shù)聞fourth可知，此處表示空氣污染是全球第四大死因，應用high的最髙級。 （8）考查冠詞。固定結構the+比較級... the+比較級...“越……就越……”，因此，比較級longer前應加定冠詞the。 （9）考查定語從句?？崭袂暗膖hose是代詞，意為“那些人”，空格處引導定語從句，在從句做主語，修飾先行詞those指人，引導詞應用who。故填who。句意：在這個問題上沒有捷徑可走。故填to solve。 anmen Rostrum(觀禮臺)on Oct l at a grand celebration marking________70th anniversary of the founding of the People39。Meanwhile, China is increasingly connected to the world. In 2015,Xi took the podium（講臺）at the UN, ________ (discuss)a munity with a shared future for all mankind. He explained that the desired world would be one that is safe，prosperous, open, inclusive and beautiful. 主要說明了國家主席習近平為帶領中國走向偉大復興所采取的一些舉措。句意：10月1日，在中華人民共和國成立70周年慶典上，國家主席習近平在天安門城樓就座。 （2）考查冠詞。unniversary為可數(shù)名詞，此處特指“中華人民共和國成立70周年慶典”應用定冠詞the，故填the。句意：習是1949年后出生的第一位中國最高領導人，他帶領國家乘風破浪，走向新時代更加光明的未來。 （4）考查副詞。修飾動詞achieve應用副詞，故填basically。句意：中國的奮斗目標是到2035年基本實現(xiàn)社會主義現(xiàn)代化，到2035年將中國自身建成社會主義現(xiàn)代化國家。 （6）考查形容詞。修飾名詞rejuvenation應用形容詞，故填national。句意：習近平主席說，今天的中國比以往任何時候都更接近民族復興，這是中國共產(chǎn)黨成立使命的一部分。故填which。句意：2015年，習近平在聯(lián)合國發(fā)表題為“人類命運共同體”的主旨演講。故填discussing。句意：習近平主席提出的“一帶一路”倡議，體現(xiàn)了相互尊重、公平正義、合作共贏的國際關系理念。故填proposed。句意：中國共產(chǎn)黨把為人類作出更大貢獻作為自己的使命。 【點評】本題考點涉及時態(tài)，冠詞，介詞，副詞，代詞，形容詞，非謂語動詞，名詞等多個知識點的考查，是一篇社會類閱讀，要求考生在理解細節(jié)信息的基礎上，進一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關系，并結合相關語法知識，進行分析推理，從而寫出正確的單詞形式。 Many of the earth39。 Wild animals live in the________ (forest) which are being destroyed by people. As________ result, the animals are ________(lose) their habitats. Without the trees, the animals are short of food. And many animals are dying out because of pollution. （1）考查時態(tài)。根據(jù)句意可知句子用現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)，故填died。句意：一百個物種每天都變得瀕臨絕境。 （3）考查形容詞。alone “獨自的，單獨的”，答案為alone。句意：野生動物生活在被人正在毀掉的森林里。 （5）考查冠詞。 （6）考查時態(tài)。句子用現(xiàn)在進行時態(tài)，故填losing。此處是動詞不定式做目的狀語，故填to protect。keep sb. from doing ，“阻止某人做某事”，故填from。句意：關閉污染河流和空氣的工廠。 （10）考查語態(tài)。根據(jù)句意可知句子用含情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)，故填built。6．語法填空 their names are written by teachers using Chinese writing brush. ________(similar), Shaanxi Normal University has been sending their freshmen calligraphy admission for eleven years. Several former professors in ________ It is believed in China that handwriting is the man, ________s temperament (氣質), but can also reflect one39。 cultural petence. At the same time, parents are attaching great importance ________s calligraphy practice. It is fair to say that calligraphy is not left out in today39。 ________, its inparable value is standing out. （1）考查非謂語動詞。be reported to have done固定短語，據(jù)說/傳聞……的事情發(fā)生在過去,對現(xiàn)在有影響。 （2）考查定語從句。句中先行詞為an admission letter,在定語從句中作地點狀語,故用關系副詞where。 （3）考查副詞。這里用副詞修飾整個句子。 （4）考查代詞。in one39。這里指代former professors,故用their。 （5）考查非謂語動詞。句中邏輯主語handwriting is the man與mean之間為主動關系,故用現(xiàn)在分詞。 （6）考查形容詞。修飾名詞calligraphy,前用形容詞形式。 （7）考查非謂語動詞。aim to do固定短語，“目的在于做”。 （8）考查介詞。attach importance to固定短語，“認為……有重要意義”，故填to。句意：書法在當今這個快節(jié)奏的社會中不僅沒有過時,反而價值突顯。通常是上句先否定一種情況,再以instead引出下句,提出相反的情況。 （10）考查名詞。這里由and連接與writers并列,故填viewers,表示觀看者。 【點評】本題考點涉及非謂語動詞，定語從句，副詞，代詞，形容詞，介詞以及名詞等多個知識點的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，要求考生在理解細節(jié)信息的基礎上，進一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關系，并結合相關語法知識，進行分析推理，從而寫出正確的單詞形式。 Overweight children and teenagers aged between 5 and 18 in the China mainland ________surpasses (超過) the population of Spain, a study said.(report) to suffer from all kinds of diseases. It also stated that in all there would be 268 million overweight schoolaged children worldwide by 2025, ________(include) 91 million obese children, if no effective ________the growing number of overweight ________(respond) to the increase of obese children in China, the State Council released a guideline this year. The guideline aimed to prevent more children from being obese and it urged that the local government in China ________s health and promote knowledge of ________不運動、吃垃圾食品和喝碳酸飲料帶來了世界上超重青少年的增長。 （1）考查時態(tài)。 （2）考查定語從句。 2surpasses (超過) the population of Spain是一個定語從句，關系詞在從句中作主語，指物，所以填that/which。他們和報道之間是被動關系，用被動語態(tài)，表示發(fā)生在過去的事情，用一般過去時，所以填were reported。文中表示包括9100萬肥胖兒童，用介詞，所以填including。作句子主語，用名詞，文中表示有效的措施是復數(shù)意義，所以填measures。句意：不運動、吃垃圾食品和喝碳酸飲料帶來了世界上超重青少年的增長。 （7）考查名詞。文中表示超重青少年，該空需要用名詞，所以填youth。句意：為了應對中國肥胖兒童的增長，國務院今年發(fā)布了指導方針。 （9）考查虛擬語氣。 s health and promote knowledge of 10(balance) eating and drinking habits among their ，動詞urge后的賓語從句，從句中用should + 動詞原形，should可以被省略的虛擬語氣，所以填(should) strengthen。該空修飾名詞eating，用形容詞，所以填balanced。8．Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word。 Benjamin West, the father of American painting, showed his talent for art when he was only six years of age. But he did not know about brushes before ________ visitor told him he needed one. In those days, a brush was made from camel39。 The brush did not last long. Soon Benjamin needed more fur. Before long, the cat began to look ragged(蓬亂). His father said that the cat ________ be sick. Benjamin ________ (force) to admit what he had been doing.s lot was about to improve. That year, one of Benjamin39。s drawings. ________ he went home, he sent Benjamin a box for paint and some brushes. He also sent six engravings(版畫)by an artist. ________ were the first pictures and first real paint and brushes Benjamin had even seen. In 1747, when Benjamin was nine years old, Mr. Pennington returned for another visit. He was amazed at ________ Benjamin had done with his gift. He asked Benjamin39。 In the city, Mr. Pennington gave Benjamin mater