【正文】 顯示芯片的采用。ABSTRACT80C51 is a 8 bit single chip puter. Its easily using and multifunction suffer large users. This article introduces the CCUT graduation design with the 80C51 single chip puter. This design bines with scientific research object. This system regards the request of the topic, adopting 80C51 for controlling core, super sonic sensor for test the hinder. It can run in a high and a low speed or stop automatically. It also can record the time, distance and the speed or searching light and mark automatically the electric circuit construction of whole system is simple, the function is dependable. Experiment test result satisfy the request, this text emphasizes introduced the hardware system designs and the result analyze.The adoption of technique as:(1) Reduce the speed by program the engine；(2) Efficient application of the sensor。 light electricitydetector。Electricity motive small car.目 錄1 緒 論 ......................................................................................................................................3 本課題研究的背景和意義 ................................................................................................3 智能循跡小車設(shè)計(jì)原理 ....................................................................................................52 方案設(shè)計(jì)與論證 ......................................................................................................................5 直流調(diào)速系統(tǒng) ....................................................................................................................5 檢測系統(tǒng) ............................................................................................................................63 智能尋跡小車模塊設(shè)計(jì) ........................................................................................................10 總體方案 ..........................................................................................................................10 傳感檢測單元 ..................................................................................................................11 小車循跡原理 ............................................................................................................11 傳感器的選擇及檢測電路設(shè)計(jì) ................................................................................11 傳感器的安裝 ............................................................................................................12 軟件控制單元 ..................................................................................................................13 單片機(jī)選型及程序流程 ............................................................................................13 車速的控制 ................................................................................................................13 電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)單元 ............................................................................................................14 蜂鳴器電路設(shè)計(jì) ........................................................................................................15 穩(wěn)壓電源設(shè)計(jì) ............................................................................................................154 系統(tǒng)功能測試 ........................................................................................................................15 測試儀器及設(shè)備 ...............................................................................................................15 功能測試 ...........................................................................................................................155 結(jié)束語 ....................................................................................................................................17致 謝 ........................................................................................................................................18參考文獻(xiàn) ....................................................................................................................................19附 錄 ........................................................................................................................................201 相關(guān)芯片介紹 .....................................................................................................................20 單片機(jī)概述 ...................................................................................................................20 LM339 芯片介紹 ........................................................................................................24 L298N 芯片介紹 .........................................................................................................27 7805 芯片介紹 ............................................................................................................282 小車控制程序源代碼（C） ...............................................................................................301 緒 論 本課題研究的背景和意義隨著汽車工業(yè)的迅速發(fā)展，關(guān)于汽車的研究也就越來越受人關(guān)注?？梢娖溲芯恳饬x很大。本題目是結(jié)合科研項(xiàng)目而確定的設(shè)計(jì)類課題。根據(jù)題目的要求，確定如下方案：在現(xiàn)有玩具電動(dòng)車的基礎(chǔ)上，加裝光電、紅外線、超聲波傳感器及金屬探測器，實(shí)現(xiàn)對電動(dòng)車的速度、位置、運(yùn)行狀況的實(shí)時(shí)測量，并將測量數(shù)據(jù)傳送至單片機(jī)進(jìn)行處理，然后由單片機(jī)根據(jù)所檢測的各種數(shù)據(jù)實(shí)現(xiàn)對電動(dòng)車的智能控制。本設(shè)計(jì)采用 MCS51 系列中的 80C51 單片機(jī)。80C51是一款八位單片機(jī)，它的易用性和多功能性受到了廣大使用者的好評。第三代單片機(jī)包括了 Intel 公司發(fā)展 MCS51 系列的新一代產(chǎn)品，如8ｘC152 ﹑80C51FA/FB﹑80C51GA/GB﹑8ｘC451﹑8ｘC452,還包括了Philips﹑Siemens﹑ADM﹑Fujutsu﹑OKI﹑HarriaMetra﹑ATMEL 等公司以 80C51 為核心推出的大