【正文】 動詞的省略，導(dǎo)致對不定式作狀語產(chǎn)生誤解。三、題型歸納──結(jié)構(gòu)型單項(xiàng)填空結(jié)構(gòu)型試題常表現(xiàn)在句子中某些成分的省略、標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號的出現(xiàn)、倒裝或插入其他成分使前后分離等，從而引起句子結(jié)構(gòu)的變化，擾亂對句子的判斷。 a/an+專有名詞表泛指，an Edison。3. 考查冠詞的活用。2. 考查冠詞的習(xí)慣用法。主+be +adj. +to do= It be +adj.+ (for/of sb) +to do stheg. This question is difficult to answer.=It’s difficult to answer the question.The man is hard to work with.=It’s hard to work with the man.當(dāng)不定式用作定語時(shí)，與其所修飾的詞之間存在邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，且主語為該動作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)，也常常用主動形式。 whose與prep.+which/whom等。6. 代詞的辨析代詞的辨析包括不定代詞，如: other, others, the other, the others, another等；人稱代詞，如: one, it, that等和關(guān)系代詞，如: which與that。三是注意副詞轉(zhuǎn)化而成的連詞，如: directly, immediately, instantly等。 the moment。二是注意時(shí)間名詞短語轉(zhuǎn)化而成的連詞，如： every/each time。 whether與if。5. 連詞的辨析連詞的區(qū)別主要在于：一是連詞的意義，如：when, while與as。 of, to。此外，如above, over, on。五是注意形容詞的位置區(qū)別，如: present+.+present，前者指當(dāng)前的；而后者指在場的。三是注意同根副詞的區(qū)別，如: hard與hardly, 前者指猛烈地、努力地；而后者意為幾乎不。 exciting與excited等。 strong與powerful。3. 形容詞、副詞的辨析對于形容詞、副詞，一是要注意近義詞間的區(qū)別，如: clever指對問題處理的圓滑；bright指對問題的反應(yīng)快；wise指選擇的正確等。其次是要弄清動詞的詞義區(qū)別，如: advise與persuade, 前者指勸說、勸告，強(qiáng)調(diào)過程；而后者指說服，強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果。最后還要注意近形詞的區(qū)別，如: cloth指布；cloths指各種不同用途的布；clothes指衣服(復(fù)數(shù))，clothing衣服(總稱)。三、題型歸納──辨析型單項(xiàng)填空1. 名詞的辨析名詞的辨析首先要注意名詞單復(fù)數(shù)的意義區(qū)別，如parent指父親或母親，而parents指父母雙親；people指人們，而a people指民族。4. 名詞及名詞短語的辨析。2. 考查名詞的格，即 ’s所有格，of所有格或雙重所有格。2008高考英語知識串講第1講一、Language Points1.sharev. 分享、合用：share sth with sbn. 一份，股份sparea. 業(yè)余的，備用的：spare time, a spare tirev. 抽出，勻給：spare me five minutes/spare one of sandwiches for the boyspare no efforts：不遺余力 spare no expense：不惜工本savev. 節(jié)省，救出2.He felt lucky to have survived the war.3.with sb about/over sth：和某人就某事爭論arguefor/against sth：贊成/反對…Sb into/out of (doing) sth：說服某人做/不做某事4.have/make/let/see/watch/listen to+賓+賓補(bǔ)(do/doing/done)get sb to do sthhave+賓+賓補(bǔ)(to do/to be done)5.So+同一主語+助動詞So/neither/nor+助動詞+另一主語So it is/was with+另一主語6.should/ought to/need/could/might/would+do/have done7.except/but/except for/except that/except whclausebesides/in additionapart frombut for=without8.The first time+從句For the first time：作時(shí)間狀語It’s the first time+thatclause(完成時(shí))the first+名詞+to do9.mostmost of the +n.(pl)/pron. the majority of (the)mostly: 主要地（狀）10.be equal to sth：與…相等be equal to (doing) sth：勝任(做)某事equal sth：與…相等equal sb in sth：在…方面與某人匹敵11.pare…to/with…pared to/with…12.a great manyseveral/two dozen/hundred +n.(pl.)(many) dozens ofa great many of +the/these/those+n.(pl.)seveal/two dozen of +pron.13.much too+adj/adv(原級)too much+n.(u.)too many+n.(pl.)14. 沒有被動態(tài) e about(主要用于疑問句、否定句) happen(表示偶然、碰巧之意)sth+ take place(多表示有組織、有計(jì)劃) break out(指戰(zhàn)爭、災(zāi)害、疾病等的爆發(fā)) occur(與happen通用) It occurs to sb that/to do…：某人突然想起…15. n./pron./adj./adv./prepphrase to do：表將來With+賓+賓補(bǔ) doing：表正在進(jìn)行 Done：表過去16. 強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的判斷方法：如果將句子中的“it be”和“that”去掉，原句通順則是強(qiáng)調(diào)句，否則就不是強(qiáng)調(diào)句。例：It was in the street that I met an old friend yesterday.二、語法專題──名詞的考點(diǎn)1. 考查可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞，尤其是許多不可數(shù)名詞在一定情況下變?yōu)榭蓴?shù)名詞。3. 名詞作定語。5. 名詞與介詞，冠詞，動詞的搭配。其次注意可數(shù)與不可數(shù)時(shí)的意義區(qū)別，如: exercise指鍛煉；而exercises指練習(xí)題或練習(xí)操；再次，注意同義名詞或近義名詞的區(qū)別，如:: event指發(fā)生的重大事件、體育項(xiàng)目；incident指偶發(fā)事件；而accident指意外事件。2. 動詞的辨析對于動詞的辨析，首先要了解動詞的及物與不及物，如: reply意為“回答，答復(fù)”后面接名詞時(shí)需接介詞to, 此時(shí)為不及物動詞；后接從句時(shí)，則為及物動詞。最后還要區(qū)別各種非謂語動詞間的意義和用法：動詞的ving形式表示正在進(jìn)行或伴隨的動作；ved形式表示完成或被動；to do形式表示即將進(jìn)行的動作等。此外，如wide與broad。 interesting與interested。二是注意同形的形容詞和副詞，如: close作形容詞時(shí)意為“親密的”；作副詞時(shí)意為“接近，靠攏”。四是注意副詞形式的形容詞，如: friendly, lovely, lively實(shí)際上是形容詞，切不可當(dāng)作副詞使用。4. 介詞的辨析對介詞的辨析要從兩方面入手，一是介詞的詞義，如: across, through, past, over為動作介詞，across強(qiáng)調(diào)從表面橫過，越過；through強(qiáng)調(diào)從空間穿過；past強(qiáng)調(diào)從側(cè)面、旁邊經(jīng)過；over強(qiáng)調(diào)從空中越過而不接觸，也可以表示越過一段距離、空間等。 with, by。 to, for的區(qū)別。 because, since與for。 though, as與although等。 the first/second…time。 the minute等，它們都可作連詞，連接從句。四是注意連詞的詞序，如: only if與if only, 前者意為“只要”，后者意為“要是…就好了”。 which與as。1. Does the teacher____ you to go home this weekend?A. allow B. consent C. agree D. approve2. After the big fire, the house was pletely____.A. ruined B. destroyed C. damaged D. spoiled3. The hunter said he was lucky to get out of the forest____.A. living B. alive C. lively D. live4. ____ talking with his Grandma, he went away without saying a word.A. Tiring with B. Tiring of C. Tired with D. Tired of5. It’s necessary to have some____ knowledge for this job.A. electric B. electrical C. elctron D. electricity6. The photo____ on the wall was taken in Beijing last year.A. hang B. hanging C. hung D. hanged7. On New Year’s Day, people, especially girls, always wear new____new hats, new coats, new trousers and new shoes.A. clothes B. clothing C. cloth D. cloths8. He stays up____ in the evenings to go online to get the____ information.A. late, latest B. lately, last C. late, last D. latest, latest9. ____ is it to ask her about her about that? She doesn’t know it either.A. What good B. How good C. What a good D. How much good10. ____ I had done it I knew I had made a mistake.A. Hardly B. Directly C. mostly D. Nearly11. It is said you went to see Jenny yesterday. What has bee___ her?A. from B. of C. into D. /12. Who do you think will be allowed____ there tomorrow?A. visit B. to visit C. visiting D. visited13. Today we can either fly to Hainan Island or take a ship___ the sea.A. in B. across C. from in D. across from14. You wil find what great benefit the puter you own can be____ each time you use it to help you work.A. for B. of C. at D. on15. I thought he was not____ of a professor the first time I heard him speaking to the children at the platform in the hall of our school.A. something B. anything C. somebody D. anybody16. We’ve missed the last bus. I’m afraid we have no____ but to take a taxi.A. way B. choice C. possibility D. selection17. ____ students have graduated from this school in the last twenty years.A. Tens of thousands of B. Tens upon