【正文】 to）三、題型歸納──邏輯型單項填空這類題型主要從句子的形式、句子的意義來考查對英語句子的把握和理解情況，具體表現(xiàn)在主謂一致、意義一致、人稱一致、非謂語動詞及介詞的邏輯主語一致等方面。然而，將題干和選項聯(lián)系起來考慮，就只有一個最佳選項。(2)作狀語一般用副詞，但有時形容詞可作伴隨狀語。4. 形容詞和副詞的成分區(qū)別：(1)不能作定語的形容詞(大多數(shù)以a開頭)：afraid, alike, alive, alone, ashamed, asleep, awake, ill, well, 若要作定語，則分別改用frightened, similar, living, lone, shy, sleeping, waking, sick, healthy。(6)more+原級+than: 與其說…不如說…。(6)倍數(shù)的表示法：A is n times bigger than B. as big as the size ofJohn has five times as many books as mine.3. 形容詞和副詞的比較等級：(1)當(dāng)AB時，比較級＋than(2)當(dāng)AB，且B包含A時He is older than any of the other boys(=any other boy) in his class.當(dāng)AB，但B不包含A時He is richer than any of the people here.I’m taller than any student of your class.(3)比較級＋and＋比較級：表示自身的變化 The＋比較級，the＋比較級：表示隨之變化。(5)多個形容詞作定語時的詞序為：縣官行令宴國才──限定詞＋描繪性形容詞＋大小、長短、高低等形容詞＋新舊＋顏色＋國家、地區(qū)＋材料＋用途＋被修飾名詞。(4)such修飾單數(shù)名詞時，其詞序為：such+a/an+adj.+n.，such a large room。 how interesting a film。(2)形容詞修飾復(fù)合不定代詞時要后置，something important。例：enough time/time enough。常見的有：early, straight, slow, enough, fast, hard, long, firm等。常見的有：close接近──closely仔細地，密切地；high高──highly高度地；free免費──freely自由地，自如地；late晚，遲──lately近來；deep深──deeply深刻地，深入地；near鄰近──nearly幾乎； hard努力地──hardly幾乎不；most最──mostly主要地；wide寬闊──widely廣泛地；easy從容地──easily容易地(4)有些副詞與形容詞的詞形完全相同。如therefore意為“所以”，在句中起關(guān)聯(lián)作用。nearly: 不可與上述否定詞連用，但可與not連用，構(gòu)成 Not…nearly, 意為“遠非…，遠不及…”二、語法專題──形容詞和副詞的考點1. 形容詞和副詞的辨析：一般無規(guī)律可循，只能在于平常時多積累。1. No matter what you see, don’t take it for____, but use your head to think it over.A. grant B. granting C. granted D. grantness2. When writing, he often keeps a dictionary____.A. in hand B. on hand C. at hand D. hand in3. His wife often goes to____ on Sundays.A. church B. a church C. the church D. churching4. It is good for you in your future life____ English.A. have good knowledge of B. to have good knowledge ofC. to have a good knowledge of D. has a good knowledge of5. ____ what he said, he has been to Australia.A. Judge by B. Judged by C. Judging from D. To judge from6. She is always ready to help others and asking for nothing____.A. in return B. in case C. in addition D. in turn7. They held a ceremony____ those killed in the battle.A. instead of B. in favor of C. by means of D. in honor of8. The man____ the shop said we could have two days off.A. in charge of B. in the charge ofC. take charge of D. take the charge of9. When they got to America, they nearly____ money.A. ran out B. ran out of C. ran away D. ran away from10. Word came that Brown____ the record in yesterday’s match.A. made B. stroke C. beat D. hit11. Look, little Betty is giving a talk to the children and is____ a teacher.A. somebody of B. anybody likeC. something of D. like anything12. Mr Wang is very old, but he works like a young man. In deed, I can’t admire him____.A. very much B. so well C. too much D. quite well16 CCACCA 712 DABCCC第4講一、Language points1. sth sth for sth prepare+ for sth to do sth be prepared for be prepared to do sth make preparations for2. They tied for first place in the game.We tied with the visiting team in the basketball match.The dog is tied to a tree.3. affect vt. 影響 effect n. 效果，作用 have a good/bad effect on in effect事實上 cause and effect因果 take effect生效，起作用 e into effect生效，實行 effort n. 努力 without effort毫不費力 make every effort盡一切努力 spare no effort不遺余力3. weigh vt. 稱…的重量 vi. 重達…， 重量為… put on weight lose weight by weight in meters/pounds/calories by the day/the week/the yard/the dozen/the ton4. in…參加…比賽 pete+ with/against…與…競賽/競爭 for…角逐…，為獲取…而競賽5. Where there is a river, there is a city.Where there is a will, there is a way.Where there is life, there is hope.6. do sth not do sth do sth than do sth would rather+ =would do sth rather than do sth =prefer to do sth rather than do sth thatclause+ did──表現(xiàn)在或?qū)? had done──表過去7. do damage to sthlive one’s dreamin ruins/in piecesunder attack/discussion/construction/consideration/treatment8. almost: 差距比nearly小。如：the number of/a number of。 be careful of/with等。如：be strict with/in。 bring in/bring on等。如：run out/run out of。 take place/take one’s place等。5. 動詞短語。 set about/set out。 head for/go to。 forget to do sth/forget doing sth。4. 動詞的搭配。 frankly speaking。 judging by/from。 to tell you the truth。另外，有些非謂語動詞短語已經(jīng)從非謂語動詞短語中游離了出來，而成為表達某種意思的固定搭配。 in front of與in the front of。 in possession of與in the possession of。 in bed與on the bed。2. 冠詞的增刪：固定搭配中名詞前的冠詞的有無都是習(xí)慣用法，若去掉或增加，都會使其意思發(fā)生變化。 in hospital與in the hospital。如：far from satisfied/over。習(xí)語、搭配型單項填空主要考查對英語習(xí)語及搭配的掌握和運用，這就需要在平時多加注意和積累，切不可想當(dāng)然。三、題型歸納──習(xí)語、搭配型單項填空語言的習(xí)慣表達是語言在長期使用過程中的結(jié)果，不能隨意改變。3. 替代詞one, ones, the one, the ones, that, those的用法。 something, anything, everything, nothing.2. it的用法：(1)it作實意代詞，代替日期、時間、季節(jié)、距離；代替身份不明的人，心目中的人和事以及代替上文已提到的或下文將要提到的人、物或某種情況；代替指示代詞this, that。 (2)another, other, the other, others, the others。 My dream has e true.14. 含有插入語的疑問句：What do you think has happened to him?How do you suppose the film will end?Why do you believe he is unfit for the office?15. 主從復(fù)合句的反意疑問句：疑問部分根據(jù)主句確定，但是主句的主語是I/we, 謂語是think /suppose /believe /hope /imagine /expect /guess /know /feel /be sure /be told時，疑問部分根據(jù)從句確定，否定轉(zhuǎn)移時，疑問部分用肯定語氣。 suit: 成套的衣服。是一個無復(fù)數(shù)形式的物質(zhì)名詞，除衣服外，還包括幌子，手套，鞋襪之類的東西，作主語時謂語動詞用單數(shù)。是一個沒有單數(shù)形式的復(fù)數(shù)名詞： A suit of clothes 注：不能直接用數(shù)詞修飾，但可用many, few, his, my, thse之類的詞修飾，作主語時謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。 6)n+n。 4)n+prep.+n.。 2) n+doing。6. 獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。 10）only+副詞/介詞短語/賓語/時間狀語從句置于句首時，常采用倒裝，但only+主語則不應(yīng)采用倒裝；11）在so/such…that…引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句中，將so+adj./，其主句常采用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。有些句子由于中間插入了某些成分，而使句子顯得支離破碎，造成對句子結(jié)構(gòu)的誤解。由于受漢語習(xí)慣的影響，往往會因為句子中的標(biāo)點符號，弄錯句子的結(jié)構(gòu)。由于賓語從句或定語從句中謂語部分行為