【正文】 families.★ adverse:a. .not good or favorable不利的。Unit 5 When work is a pleasurePART 1Understanding and LearningOverviewThis unit centers on the topic of workan indispensable part of individual lives. Work may serve different purposes and have different meanings to different people. Text A argues, by differentiating among work, labor, and play, that interest and enjoyment in work are important for the benefit of both individuals and society. Text B, by telling us a story of a shoemaker and the author, stimulates thoughts on building a tradition of working with pride, selfesteem, and responsibility. All of these elements, as shown in both texts, cannot be achieved in a job that is done merely for the sake of money. Concerning the writing style, Text A is developed mainly by means of contrasts, which are effectively used to highlight, point by point, the differences between workers and laborers. Text B, by means of narration through the use of the first person “I” and with detailed description and lively conversations, gives the readers a strong feeling of being personally on the scene, and achieves the effect of great vividness. In order for students to get a strong understanding of the unit theme and foster a good attitude toward work, the teacher should encourage thoughtprovoking discussions and activities. The topics for the discussions may include why we work, how we can foster love for work, how we achieve happiness at work, etc. Possible activities are peer interviews, retelling of Text B, questionnaire survey to gauge the happiness level of a specific occupation and to work out how to achieve greater happiness at work.Section AWill you be a worker or a labor?Background information1 continuing educationContinuing education refers to the education for adults, usually in classes that are held in the evening and especially on subjects that are related to their jobs.2 experiential learningExperiential learning is the process of making meaning from direct experience. It is learning through reflection on doing, which is often contrasted with rote learning (死記硬背). Experiential learning focuses on the learning process for the individua1. An example of experiential learning is going to the zoo and learning through observation and interaction with the zoo environment, as opposed to reading about animals from a book. Thus, one makes discoveries and experiments with knowledge firsthand, instead of hearing or reading about others’ experiences.Detailed study of the text1 In a society where slavery in the strict sense has been abolished, the social indications around work, the value of work and the salary, have degraded many laborers into modern slaves“wage slaves”.(Para. 1)Meaning: In a society where slavery, strictly speaking, has been put to an end, the social status of work, the value of work and the salary, have made many laborers bee modern slaves“wage slaves”.★ degrade:vt. treat sb. without respect and make them lose respect for themselves貶低(某人 )。羞 辱 (某人)The examination supervisor warned students not to degrade themselves by cheating on the exam.監(jiān)考老師警告學(xué)生不要在考試中舞弊,以免自取其辱。 反對(duì)的?！?conform:vi. (~ to/with) obey sth. such as a rule or law遵照。服從The city has a few modern buildings in the central area which do not conform with the style of the city’s overall character. 該城市中心區(qū)域有一些現(xiàn)代建筑跟城市的整體風(fēng)格特點(diǎn)不相符合。Note societal: a. relating to society or the way society is organized 社會(huì)的In time, humans began to develop societal organizations that eventually would bee what we know as towns and cities. 經(jīng)過(guò)一段時(shí)間之后，人類開始形成社會(huì)組織，這些社會(huì)組織最終發(fā)展成為我們所知道的鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)和城市。 正好相反John said he’d vote for the candidate even if his beliefs were the polar opposite of his own. 約翰說(shuō)即便候選人的觀點(diǎn)與自己的相左 ,他也將投票給該候選人。近地極的。4 When we play a game, we enjoy what we are doing, but it is a purely private pastime。 娛樂To relieve the stress caused by her job, she turned to painting, a pastime she had loved since childhood. 為了緩解工作引起的壓力, 她開始畫畫, 這是她自兒時(shí)起就喜歡的消遣。 what is necessary labor from the point of view of society is voluntary play from the individual’s personal point of view. (Para. 3)Meaning: People are regarded as workers if their personal interests agree with the jobs society pays them to do。 just as if they were playing a game.★ coincide: vi. (~with)1) (of ideas, opinions, etc. ) be the same or very similar (想法、意見等 )相同, 相符,極為類似Indeed, the State’s interests may not coincide with those of the individual.的確, 國(guó)家利益可能與個(gè)人利益不一致?！?voluntary: a. done willingly and without being forced自愿的。Note point of view: n. a particular way of thinking about or judging a situation 視角；角度How does your point of view square with what some of your colleagues have said?你的觀點(diǎn)與你—些同事的意見在多大程度上—致?7 Whether a job is to be designated as labor or work depends, not on the job itself but on the tastes of the individual who undertakes it. ()Meaning: Whether a job is so be considered as labor or work depends, not on the job itself, but on the very person who does it had interest in it or not.★desinate:vt..1) (fml.)(~ sb./sth. as ) give sb. or sth. a particular name, title, or description 把?定名為。 把?描述為When residents wanted to designate t