【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 self自治。 自治權(quán)They are willing to give this district more autonomy, but not independence.他們?cè)敢饨o該地區(qū)更多的自治權(quán),但不會(huì)讓其獨(dú)立。Note pulsion: n.[sing.,U] the act of forcing or influencing sb. to do sth. they do not want to do, or the situation of being forced or influenced (被)強(qiáng)制；(被)強(qiáng)迫Who would undertake such a difficult task without pulsion?如果不是強(qiáng)制性的,誰(shuí)會(huì)去承擔(dān)這樣—項(xiàng)困難的任務(wù)?11 They will also work with more diligence and precision because they have fostered a sense of personal pride in their jobs. ()Meaning: They will also work harder and more accurately because they have developed a sense of personal pride in their jobs.★precision: n.[U]the quality of being very exact or correct 精確(性)。 準(zhǔn)確(性)To improve the precision of gene testing, scientist needed to spell out the actual DNA sequence of diseasefostering genes. 為了提高基因測(cè)試的精度,科學(xué)家們需要闡明致病基因的DNA序列?！飂oster: vt. heIp a skill, felling, idea, etc. develop over a period of time促進(jìn)。 培養(yǎng)。助長(zhǎng)All classroom practice will be geared to encouraging and fostering not only students’ learning habits but also students’ creativity.所有的課堂實(shí)踐都將不僅鼓勵(lì)和培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣,還鼓勵(lì)和培養(yǎng)其創(chuàng)造力:12 On the other hand, laborers, whose sole incentive is earning their livelihood, feel that the time they spend on the daily grind is wasted and doesn’t contribute to their happiness. (Para, 5)Meaning: On the other hand, laborers, whose only motive is making a living, feel that the time they spend on the boring daily work is wasted and doesn’t bring them happiness.★incentive: n .[C,U] sth. that encourages you to work harder, start a new activity 。動(dòng)力。鼓勵(lì)My girlfriend’s interest in my job gave me an incentive, so I worked twice as hard.女友對(duì)我工作的興趣給了我動(dòng)力,因此我加倍努力?！飈ivelihood: n . [C,U]the way you earn money in order to live生計(jì)It was the lack of a basic livelihood that pelled the oppressed to fight for their survival.正是由于無(wú)法維持基本的生計(jì)才迫使被壓迫者為自身的生存而抗?fàn)帯?3 Instead of valuing all hours of their day as enjoyable and productive hours, they gauge only the time spent in leisure and play as meaning. ()Meaning: Instead of regarding all 24 hours of their day as enjoyable and productive hours, they believe that only the time that they spend in leisure and play is meaningful.★gauge: vt. make a judgment or guess about a situation, action, or person based on the information that you have (根據(jù)所掌握的信息)估計(jì),判斷If you want to gauge public opinion about the war, look at the local media coverage concerning the deaths of the soldiers.如果你想判斷輿論對(duì)這場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的看法,看看當(dāng)?shù)孛襟w有關(guān)士兵犧牲的報(bào)道吧。n. [C] an instrument for measuring the size or amount of 。 計(jì)量器。 量規(guī)A gasoline gauge shows the amount of gasoline left in a car.油表顯示汽車剩余的油量。14 Unfortunately, laborers are all too monplace, and only a small percentage of the population is in the lucky position of being workers. ()Meaning: Unfortunately, laborers are so mon that they can be seen almost everywhere, and only a small percentage of the population is lucky to be workers.★Commonplace: a. happening or existing in many places, and therefore not special or unusual平常的。平凡的。不足為奇的Paid vacations of two weeks or longer are a monplace benefit in many panies.兩周或更長(zhǎng)的帶薪假期在很多公司都是常見(jiàn)的福利。15 In recent decades，technological innovation and the division of labor have caused major economic changes by eliminating the need for special strength or skill in many fields and have turned many paid occupations with enjoyable work into boring labor.(Para, 6)Meaning: In recent decades, the improvements in technology and the division of labor have caused great economic changes. People do not need special strength or skill any more in many fields. Many paid jobs with enjoyable work have bee boring labor routine.★innovation: n.1)[U] the introduction of new ideas or methods 革新。創(chuàng)新The duty of every teacher is to encourage creativity and innovation in the classroom.每個(gè)老師在課堂上的職責(zé)都是鼓勵(lì)創(chuàng)新。2)[C] a new idea, method, or invention 新觀念。新方法Those wellmeaning people who have tried to introduce innovations in schools have e up with against considerable resistance from teachers, students and parents alike.那些善意的人們盡力將一些新觀念引入學(xué)校, 但在老師、學(xué)生和家長(zhǎng)中都遇到了相當(dāng)大的阻力。16 Increasing productivity with automated machines, such as robots, has reduced the number of necessary laboring hours. ()Meaning: With the use of machines which can automatically do the work for people, such as robots, productivity has increased and the number of necessary laboring hours has accordingly decreased.★automate: vt. start using puters and machines to do a job, rather than people使自動(dòng)化The engineer used a puter program he had created to automate downloading of program updates.該工程師用自己設(shè)計(jì)的電腦程序自動(dòng)下載程序更新?！颽utomated: a. using puters and machines to do a job, rather than people自動(dòng)化的One proposed solution to the growing problem of accidents caused by tired truck, may perhaps be an automated highway system.車司機(jī)疲勞駕駛引起的事故越來(lái)越多,一個(gè)提議的解決方案可能就是自動(dòng)化高速公路系統(tǒng)。17 It is possible to imagine an uping society in which the majority of the population will have almost as much leisure time as in earlier times was enjoyed by the medieval aristocracy. ()Meaning: It is possible to imagine that in a society of the near future, most of the people will have a lot of spare time, which would be sim