【正文】 ivate pastime?！?(Para. 2)★ pastime: n. [C] sth. that you do because you think it is enjoyable or interesting消遣。 娛樂To relieve the stress caused by her job, she turned to painting, a pastime she had loved since childhood. 為了緩解工作引起的壓力, 她開始畫畫, 這是她自兒時起就喜歡的消遣。5 Between labor and play stands work. ()Meaning: Work lies somewhere between labor and play.Note Here we are reminded of what is mentioned in the preceding paragraph “The polar opposite of labor is play”.6 People are labeled as workers if their personal interests coincide with the jobs society pays them to do。 what is necessary labor from the point of view of society is voluntary play from the individual’s personal point of view. (Para. 3)Meaning: People are regarded as workers if their personal interests agree with the jobs society pays them to do。 what is necessary labor from the perspective of society can mean voluntary play to a worker.Note The labor required in a job is voluntary play to workers because they show interest in it, enjoy what they are doing and find pleasure in it。 just as if they were playing a game.★ coincide: vi. (~with)1) (of ideas, opinions, etc. ) be the same or very similar (想法、意見等 )相同, 相符,極為類似Indeed, the State’s interests may not coincide with those of the individual.的確, 國家利益可能與個人利益不一致。2) (of two or more events) take place at the same time (兩件或更多的事情)同時發(fā)生Her arrival coincided with our departure.她到來之時正逢我們離開。★ voluntary: a. done willingly and without being forced自愿的。 自動的Every decision is made of a person’s free will, and is voluntary, unless it is effected by pulsion.每項決定都是基于個人意愿, 屬自愿性質的,除非有強制要求。Note point of view: n. a particular way of thinking about or judging a situation 視角；角度How does your point of view square with what some of your colleagues have said?你的觀點與你—些同事的意見在多大程度上—致?7 Whether a job is to be designated as labor or work depends, not on the job itself but on the tastes of the individual who undertakes it. ()Meaning: Whether a job is so be considered as labor or work depends, not on the job itself, but on the very person who does it had interest in it or not.★desinate:vt..1) (fml.)(~ sb./sth. as ) give sb. or sth. a particular name, title, or description 把?定名為。 授予?稱號。 把?描述為When residents wanted to designate the Elk River as a heritage site, the mines killed the proposal. 當居民們想把埃爾克河確定為文化遺產(chǎn)時,該提議卻被眾多的礦井給毀掉了。2)(~sb./)formally choose sb. or sth. for a particular purpose任命。 選定。 選派A will allows people to designate someone as receiver of their property when they die.遺囑使人們可以指定其去世后財產(chǎn)由誰繼承。8 The difference does not, for example, correlate with the difference between a manual and mental job or between jobs of low or high esteem。 … ()Meaning: The difference labor and work has no connection with the difference between a manual and mental job or between jobs which get low or high respect and admiration.★correlate: v. (~with) if two or more facts, ideas, etc. correlate or you correlate them, they are closely connected to each other or one causes the other(使)相互關聯(lián)Rising temperatures and the associated earlier spring snowmelt with increasing amounts and size of wildfires in the western United States. 氣溫升高及其所導致的春季融雪提前與美國西部數(shù)量日益增多、規(guī)模日益增大的山火是有關聯(lián)的?！?esteem:n. [U]a feeling of respect for sb., or a good opinion of 。 敬重He is held in high esteem by colleague in the construction industry.他受到建筑業(yè)同行的高度尊重。vt. (fml.) respect and admire sb. or sth. 尊敬。 敬重Employee qualities such as being cooperative and industrious are often esteemed by managers.員工的合作、勤奮等品質常常為經(jīng)理們所推崇。9 Workers are therefore more prone to dedicate more time to working, taking too little leisure rather than too much. ()Meaning: Workers are therefore more likely to spend more time in working, and they will spend extremely little amount of time on relaxation.★prone:a. likely to do sth. or suffer from sth., esp. sth. bad or harmful易于發(fā)生某事(尤指不好或有害的事)的。很可能?的。有?傾向的Most children are prone to junk food.多數(shù)孩子喜歡吃垃圾食品?！飀edicate vt.1) use a place, time, money, etc. only for a particular purpose(為某一目的而)使用The newspaper dedicated three whole pages to pictures of the princess.報紙用了三個整版刊登王妃的照片。2) give all your attention and effort to one particular thing 致力于。 獻身于The new president said she would dedicate herself protecting the rights of children, the old and the homeless.新總統(tǒng)說她將致力于保護兒童、老人和無家可歸者的權利。10 To laborers, on the other hand, leisure means autonomy from pulsion, so it is natural for them to imagine that the fewer hours they have to spend laboring, and the more hours they have free for play, the better. ()Meaning: To labors, on the other hand, leisure means plete freedom from what they are forced to do or what they have to do。 so, it is natural for them to think that it is better if they spend less time on labor and more time on play.★autonomy.[U]1) the ability or opportunity to make your own decisions without being controlled by anyone else自主能力。 自主Genetic engineering may threaten privacy, kill autonomy, make society look and be alike, and destroy the concept of human nature.基因工程可能威脅隱私,扼殺自主權,使社會千篇一律,并且破壞人性這一觀念。2) freedom that a place or an organization has to g overn or control it