【正文】 and the treatments (drugs, surgery) her whole life. But this time,she was way6 past her limits, and nothing her doctors did seemed to help. Either the disease was going to kill her or, pretty soon, she felt she might have to kill herself.8塞爾并不是懦弱的人。最輕微的動作—比如說試著吞咽—對她來說也痛苦不堪。就在幾個月前，她已經(jīng)停止服用控制她關(guān)節(jié)炎的強效免疫抑制藥。(此文來自袁勇兵博客)我們也需要成長盡管有時成長是痛苦的?！贝缺⒅腔?、無私、.洞察力及創(chuàng)造力—有時只有經(jīng)歷逆境的考驗才能培育這些品質(zhì)，因為有時只有極端的情形才能迫使我們?nèi)コ惺芡纯嗟母淖冞^程。它主要受愉悅情感的支配，但同時也夾雜著惆悵和悔恨。事實證明，一些遭受苦難最多的人他們被迫全力應(yīng)付他們未曾預(yù)料到的打擊，并重新思考他們生活的意義—或許對那種深刻的、給人以強烈滿足感的人生經(jīng)歷(哲學(xué)家們過去稱之為對“美好生活”的探尋)最有發(fā)言權(quán)。5 This anodyne definition of wellbeing leaves out the better half of the story, the rich, full joy that es from a meaningful life. It is the dark matter of happiness,the ineffable quality we admire in wise men and women and aspire to cultivate in our own lives. It turns out that some of the people who have suffered the most, who have been forced to contend with shocks they never anticipated and to rethink the meaning of their lives, may have the most to tell us about that profound and intensely fulfilling journey that philosophers used to call the search for the good life.5這種對幸福的平淡定義忽略了問題的主要方面—種富有意義的生活所帶來的那種豐富、完整的愉悅。 4 Those who weather adversity well are living proof of the paradoxes of need more than pleasure to live the best possible life. Our contemporary quest for happiness has shriveled to a hunt for blissa life protected from bad feelings,free from pain and confusion. 4那些經(jīng)受住苦難打擊的人是有關(guān)幸福悖論的生動例證:為了盡可能地過上最好的生活，我們所需要的不僅僅是愉悅的感受。在遭遇了即使最可怕的經(jīng)歷之后，也只有一小部分成年人會受到長期的心理折磨。這一新興領(lǐng)域已經(jīng)證實了曾經(jīng)被視為陳詞濫調(diào)的一個真理:大難不死，意志彌堅。3 This and other promising findings about the lifechanging effects of crises are the province of the new science of posttraumatic growth. This fledgling field has already proved the truth of what once passed as bromide: What doesn39。對那些令人極度恐慌的經(jīng)歷作出?積極回應(yīng)的并不僅限于最堅強或最勇敢的人。他們可能都會這樣說:“我希望這事沒發(fā)生，但因為它我變得更完美了。m a better person for it.1颶風(fēng)、房屋失火、癌癥、激流漂筏失事、墜機、昏暗小巷遭歹徒襲擊，沒人想找上這些事兒。課文原文17 Unit 1 The Hidden Side of Happiness1 Hurricanes, house fires, cancer, whitewater rafting accidents, plane crashes, vicious attacks in dark alleyways. Nobody asks for any of it. But to their surprise, many people find that enduring such a harrowing ordeal ultimately changes them for the refrain might go something like this: I wish it hadn39。t happened, but I39。但出人意料的是，很多人發(fā)現(xiàn)遭受這樣一次痛苦的磨難最終會使他們向好的方面轉(zhuǎn)變?！? We love to hear the stories of people who have been transformed by their tribulations, perhaps because they testify to a bona fide type of psychological truth, one that sometimes gets lost amid endless reports of disaster: There seems to be a builtin human capacity to flourish under the most difficult circumstances. Positive responses to profoundly disturbing experiences are not limited to the toughest or the fact, roughly half the people who struggle with adversity say that their lives subsequently in some ways improved.2我們都愛聽人們經(jīng)歷苦難后發(fā)生轉(zhuǎn)變的故事，可能是因為這些故事證實了一條真正的心理學(xué)上的真理，這條真理有時會湮沒在無數(shù)關(guān)于災(zāi)難的報道中:在最困難的境況中，人所具有的一種內(nèi)在的奮發(fā)向上的能力會進(jìn)發(fā)出來。實際上，大約半數(shù)與逆境抗?fàn)庍^的人都說他們的生活從此在某些方面有了改善。t kill you can actually make you stronger. Posttraumatic stress is far from the only possible oute. In the wake of even the most terrifying experiences, only a small proportion of adults bee chronically troubled. More monly, people reboundor even eventually thrive.3諸如此類有關(guān)危機改變一生的發(fā)現(xiàn)有著可觀的研究前景，這正是創(chuàng)傷后成長這一新學(xué)科的研究領(lǐng)域。創(chuàng)傷后壓力絕不是唯一可能的結(jié)果。更常見的情況是，人們會恢復(fù)過來—甚至最終會成功發(fā)達(dá)。我們這個時代的人對幸福的追求已經(jīng)縮小到只追求福氣:一生沒有煩惱，沒有痛苦和困惑。那就是幸福背后隱藏的那種本質(zhì)—是我們在明智的男男女女身上所欣賞到并渴望在我們自己生活中培育的那種不可言喻的品質(zhì)。 6 This broader definition of good living blends deep satisfaction and a profound connection to others through empathy. It is dominated by happy feelings but seasoned also with nostalgia and regret. Happiness is only one among many values in human life, contends Laura King, a psychologist at the University of Missouri in Columbia. Compassion, wisdom, altruism, insight, creativitysometimes only the trials of adversity can foster these qualities, because sometimes only drastic situations can force us to take on the painful process of change. To live a full human life, a tranquil, carefree existence is not enough. We also need to growand sometimes growing hurts.6這種對美好生活的更為廣泛的定義把深深的滿足感和一種通過移情與他人建立的深切聯(lián)系融合在一起。密蘇里大學(xué)哥倫比亞分校的心理學(xué)家勞拉?金認(rèn)為:“幸福僅僅是許許多多人生價值中的一種。只過安寧的、無憂無慮的生活是不足以體驗一段完整的人生的。7 In a dark room in Queens, New York, 31yearold fashion designer Tracy Cyr believed she was dying. A few months before, she had stopped taking the powerful immunesuppressing drugs that kept her arthritis in check. She never anticipated what would happen: a withdrawal reactions that eventually left her in total body agony and neurological meltdown. The slightest movementtrying to swallow, fqr examplewas excruciating. Even the pressure of her cheek on the pillow was almost unbearable.7在紐約市皇后區(qū)一間漆黑的房間里，31歲的時裝設(shè)計師特蕾西?塞爾感到自己奄奄一息。她從沒預(yù)見到接下來將要發(fā)生的事:停藥之后的反應(yīng)最終使她全身劇烈疼痛，神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)出現(xiàn)嚴(yán)重問題。甚至將臉壓在枕頭上也幾乎難以忍受。她在兩歲時就被診斷得了幼年型類風(fēng)濕性關(guān)節(jié)炎，一生都在忍?受著病癥和治療(藥物、手術(shù))的折磨。要么讓疾病結(jié)束她的生命，要么她就得很快了結(jié)自己的生命了。d ever identified myself with, she said six months later. Everything I thought I39。雖然她仍然感到痛苦，但一種新的意識每一夜都變得更加強烈:一種令人驚嘆的解脫感，結(jié)合著一種包容一切的同情和憐憫的情感。意識到這一點真是讓我感到解脫。s no question that her life is better. l felt I had been shown the secret of life and why we39。s that simple.10在幾個月內(nèi)，得益于類固醇加其他藥物的雞尾酒療法，她開始能夠更加自如地活動了。“我感覺我窺探到了生命的秘密以及我們生存的意義，那就是快樂地生活，同時扶持他人。 they are preoccupied with the idea that their lives have been shattered. A few are haunted long afterward by memory problems, sleep trouble and similar symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder 7. But Tedeschi and others have found that for many peopleperhaps even the majoritylife ultimately bees richer and more Gratifying.11她這種不可思議的經(jīng)歷完全是個驚喜。里奇?特德斯基教授首創(chuàng)了“創(chuàng)傷后成長”一詞。他們一心想的就是，自己的生活完全被毀了。但特德斯基和其他學(xué)者發(fā)現(xiàn)，對很多人(可能甚至是絕大多數(shù)人)來說，生活最終會變得更加豐富和更加令人滿足。在事情發(fā)生的那一瞬間，我們的安全感被沖破了，平時處于我們與我們對世界的種種看法之間的自我保護(hù)的精神盔甲被剝離了。13 Still, actually implementing these changes, as well as fully ing to terms with a new reality, usually takes conscious effort. Being willing and able to take on this process is one of the major differences between those who grow through