【正文】
十種強(qiáng)污染農(nóng)藥中,有七種屬于有機(jī)磷類(lèi),可見(jiàn),農(nóng)藥殘留檢測(cè)的重點(diǎn)應(yīng)該放在有機(jī)磷類(lèi)殺蟲(chóng)劑。近年來(lái),由蔬菜中有機(jī)磷農(nóng)藥殘 留所引起的中毒現(xiàn)象十分嚴(yán)重。大多數(shù)有機(jī)磷農(nóng)藥具有手性,它們的一對(duì)對(duì)映異構(gòu)體之間存 在著不同的生物活性,包括毒性、酶抑制活性和生物降解能力等。在所有的農(nóng)藥中,有機(jī)磷農(nóng) 藥是目前最常用的一類(lèi)農(nóng)藥, 它包括殺蟲(chóng)劑、殺菌劑、除草劑等,具有品種多、 防治對(duì)象多、殺蟲(chóng)效率高等特點(diǎn),在各種農(nóng)作物尤其是水果蔬菜生產(chǎn)中廣泛應(yīng)用 。第三類(lèi)是氨 基甲酸酷類(lèi)殺蟲(chóng)劑 。在農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)中應(yīng)用的農(nóng)藥主要可分為四大類(lèi) :第一類(lèi)是以滴滴涕、六六六為代表的有機(jī)氯殺蟲(chóng)劑,這類(lèi)殺蟲(chóng)劑由于致畸、致癌、致突變、高殘留等缺點(diǎn),已停止生產(chǎn)和使用 。 麥脂酶的活性抑制標(biāo)準(zhǔn)曲線(xiàn),確定了小麥脂酶對(duì)于有機(jī)磷農(nóng)藥抑制作用的線(xiàn)性表現(xiàn)。 效果。 1 南京林業(yè)大學(xué) 本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文) 題 目: 植物酯酶的提取及純化研究 學(xué) 院: 化學(xué)工程學(xué)院 專(zhuān) 業(yè): 環(huán)境工程 學(xué) 號(hào): 070205223 學(xué)生姓名: 王康 指導(dǎo)教師: 范欽華 職 稱(chēng) : 講師 二零一一 年 五 月 二十日 2 摘 要 本文通過(guò) 實(shí)驗(yàn)條件篩選,初步確定了小麥 酯 酶的提取純化方法 及不同濃度的有機(jī)磷農(nóng)藥 對(duì)酶 活性 的 抑制 效果 ,結(jié)果 發(fā)現(xiàn): 如下: ,確定了提取小麥粗酶液的固液比、溫度、緩沖液 pH值、提取時(shí)間、小麥粉目數(shù)的最優(yōu)條件。 ,確定了通過(guò)鹽析法初步提純酶液的飽和度條件及提純效果。 Sephadex G100凝膠層析后,順利將酶液的比活力提高了 ,確定了純化酶液的方法。 3 Abstract In this paper, the extraction and purification plants for lipase extraction and purification of the conditions, and the mapping of the anic phosphorus pesticide on wheat lipase inhibition standard curve, through literature review and selection of experimental conditions, initially identified wheat lipase Extraction and purification method and explore the inhibitory activity of anophosphorus pesticides for the preliminary nature of the experimental results are as follows: by changing a single factor experiment, the crude enzyme extract of wheat solidliquid ratio, temperature, buffer pH, extraction time, the best wheat flour mesh conditions. the second by a salting salting salting method determined by the initial saturation of purified enzyme solution conditions and the purification effect. ultrafiltration method in the wheat enzyme purification process to remove salt feasibility and effect of the purified enzyme. Sephadex G100 gel chromatography, the successful enzyme specific activity will be increased times to determine the method of solution of pure enzyme. drawing on wheat of chlorpyrifos inhibited the activity of lipase standard curve to determine the anic phosphorus pesticide for wheat lipase inhibition of linear performance. 4 目 錄 前言 ................................................................................................................................6 .....................................................................................................................7 ..........................................................................................................7 特點(diǎn) .......................................................................................7 .......................................................................................7 ......................................................................................................8 ...................................................................................................8 ....................................................................................................10 .....................................................................................11 .........................................................................................11 酶抑制法 .........................................................................................14 ....................................................................................15 ....................................................................................................................15 、器材及方法 ...........................................................................................17 .........................................................................................17 .....................................................................................................17 ............................................................................................................17 .........................................................................................17 %固蘭 B鹽溶液(顯色劑)配置 .............................................................18 ...................................................................................18 (顯色劑)配置 .....................................................................18 .................................................................................................18 ............................................................................................................19 ...................................................................................19 ..........................................