【正文】 查或控制 ？ Infections with only one mode of transmission investigate or control? ?水痘 Chickenpox ?手足口病 /皰疹性咽喉炎 ? Hand foot and Mouth disease / herpangina ?麻疹 Measles ?猩紅熱 Scarlet fever ?輪狀病毒 Rotavirus ?流感 Influenza 調(diào)查暴發(fā)的 10個步驟 10 steps of an outbreak investigation 準備現(xiàn)場工作 Prepare for field work 證實暴發(fā)存在 Establish existence of an outbreak Time Verify the diagnosis 驗證診斷 Define, find, and interview cases 定義，搜索，訪談病例 確定人、地點和時間特征 Characterize person, place and time Develop a hypothesis 提出假設(shè) Develop analytic study to test hypothesis 通過分析研究驗證假說 Reconsider, refine, retest hypothesis 再推敲，修正和再檢驗假說 實施控制措施 Implement Control 將調(diào)查結(jié)果進行交流 Communicate Findings 準備現(xiàn)場工作 Prepare for field work 準備現(xiàn)場工作 Prepare for field work 證實暴發(fā)存在 Establish existence of an outbreak Time Verify the diagnosis 驗證診斷 確定人、地點和時間特征 Characterize person, place and time Develop a hypothesis 提出假設(shè) Develop analytic study to test hypothesis 通過分析研究驗證假說 Reconsider, refine, retest hypothesis 再推敲，修正和再檢驗假說 實施控制措施 Implement Control 將調(diào)查結(jié)果進行交流 Communicate Findings Define, find, and interview cases 定義，搜索，訪談病例 為去現(xiàn)場做準備工作 Prepare for field work 確定調(diào)查的目的 Determine the objectives of the investigation. 為旅行作出必要的安排 Make necessary arrangements for travel 閱讀相關(guān)疾病和已發(fā)表的研究 Read up on disease and published studies 收集你認為需要的所有物資和設(shè)備 Gather up all supplies and equipment you think you will need Step 1 為去現(xiàn)場做準備工作 Prepare for field work 閱讀相關(guān)疾病和已發(fā)表的研究 Read up on disease and published studies 收集你認為需要的所有物資和設(shè)備 Gather up all supplies and equipment you think you will need 為旅行作出必要的安排 Make necessary arrangements for travel Step 1 證實暴發(fā)存在 Establish existence of an outbreak 準備現(xiàn)場工作 Prepare for field work 證實暴發(fā)存在 Establish existence of an outbreak Time Verify the diagnosis 驗證診斷 確定人、地點和時間特征 Characterize person, place and time Develop a hypothesis 提出假設(shè) Develop analytic study to test hypothesis 通過分析研究驗證假說 Reconsider, refine, retest hypothesis 再推敲，修正和再檢驗假說 實施控制措施 Implement Control 將調(diào)查結(jié)果進行交流 Communicate Findings Define, find, and interview cases 定義，搜索，訪談病例 證實暴發(fā)的存在 Establish existence of an outbreak 觀察到的數(shù)量超過了預(yù)期的數(shù)量了嗎？ Does the observed number exceed the expected number 存在任何可能導(dǎo)致虛報的因素嗎？ Are there any factors that may have led to increased reporting 確定是單一疾病嗎？ Is this really a single disease? 值得花時間或精力調(diào)查嗎？ Is it worthwhile to investigate? Step 2 一所鄉(xiāng)村初中水源性大型副傷寒暴發(fā) A Large Outbreak of Waterborne Paratyphoid Fever in a Rural Junior High School Ying Zhang Tao Yang R. Fontaine Hao Mai Chinese Field Epidemiology Training Program (CFETP) China CDC, Beijing 突發(fā)事件監(jiān)測顯示在一所鄉(xiāng)村寄宿學(xué)校有 142例副傷寒病例 Emergency surveillance reported 142 suspect cases of paratyphoid fever (PTF) at a rural boarding school. 2021年 12月 3日 December 3, 2021 Lingchuan縣 ，桂林，廣西 Lingchuan county, Guilin, Guangxi 報 告 來 源 Reporting sources 中 國 突 發(fā) 事件 監(jiān)測 Chinese emergency surveillance 中 國 病例 監(jiān)測 Chinese case surveillance 地方 報紙 Local newspaper 驗證診斷 Verify the diagnosis 準備現(xiàn)場工作 Prepare for field work 證實暴發(fā)存在 Establish existence of an outbreak Time Verify the diagnosis 驗證診斷 確定人、地點和時間特征 Characterize person, place and time Develop a hypothesis 提出假設(shè) Develop analytic study to test hypothesis 通過分析研究驗證假說 Reconsider, refine, retest hypothesis 再推敲，修正和再檢驗假說 實施控制措施 Implement Control 將調(diào)查結(jié)果進行交流 Communicate Findings Define, find, and interview cases 定義，搜索，訪談病例 驗證診斷 Verify the Diagnosis 疾病是否如報告所述？ Is the disease really what it has been reported to be? 目的：排除診斷錯誤和實驗室錯誤 Goal: rule out misdiagnosis and laboratory error 對病人進行各項檢查 Examine patients 審核病歷 Rev