【正文】 0 年代由國(guó)家行政部門(mén)改制成立，已基本建立了產(chǎn)權(quán)清晰、責(zé)權(quán)明確、政企分開(kāi)、管理科學(xué)的 現(xiàn)代 企業(yè)制度 ，已成為全球能源市場(chǎng)中的重要參與者。此時(shí)，研究為何發(fā)展、向哪發(fā)展、如何發(fā)展就顯得尤為重要。 Abstract In today’s world, as a crucial key to enter the modern industrial society, petrochemical industry has laid a solid foundation of human modern industry. With the arrival of “world peak oil” and the sustaining increasing of oil price, a petition for oil resources and petrochemical market has bee more and more intensive. During the 30 years since China carried out reform and opening up policy, as one of China’s pillar industries, petrochemical industry has made significant progress, and formed a prehensive petrochemical industry pattern with three domestic superlarge stateowned petrochemical corporations—China National Petroleum Corporation, China Petrochemical Corporation and China National Offshore Oil Corporation—as the lead and other small and medium sized panies as supplement. Recreated by the state administrative departments in 1980s, the three stateowned petrochemical corporations have bee important participants in global energy market, and basically established a modern enterprise system with clear definition of property right, welldefined power and responsibilities, separation of government functions from enterprise management and scientific administration. However, during the course of going global and marketization, China’s superlarge petrochemical corporations have e across various problems, including imperfect governance, low level of science and technology, lack of energy conservation and environmental protection ability, single product structure, low level industry overcapacity and poor global petiveness and profitability, holding back their transition from state petrochemical panies to international petrochemical corporations. So, at this moment, it seems particularly important to study why, where and how should China’s superlarge petrochemical corporations develop themselves. According to the main problems and challenges China’s superlarge petrochemical corporations are facing, this thesis would specifically analyze the international and domestic environment, and make a parison between China’s superlarge petrochemical corporations and the world firstrate ones—Royal Dutch Shell, Exxon Mobil and British Petroleum. In conclusion, taking developing China’s superlarge petrochemical corporations into world firstclass ones as the strategic objective, this thesis would e up with a development strategy system at the macro level, and then make detailed implementation and control plans in aspects of business development, enterprise culture, management system and scientific innovation. Key words: superlarge Petrochemical Corporations, Petrochemical, Development Strategy 目 錄 第 1 章 前 言 ............................................ 1 研究背景 .................................................... 1 研究目的與 研究意義 .......................................... 3 研究思路與研究方法 .......................................... 4 第 2 章 中國(guó)石油化工產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展概述 .......................... 5 石油化工工業(yè)簡(jiǎn)介 ............................................ 5 中國(guó)石油化工產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展歷程 .................................... 5 中國(guó)大型石油化工企業(yè)概況 .................................... 7 中國(guó)石油天然氣集團(tuán)公司 ............................................ 7 中國(guó)石油化工集團(tuán)公司 .............................................. 8 中國(guó)海洋石油總公司 ................................................ 9 中國(guó)大型石油化工企業(yè)發(fā)展面臨的主要問(wèn)題 ...................... 9 、減排壓力，可持續(xù)發(fā)展遭遇挑戰(zhàn) ............................. 9 ，保供應(yīng)難度不斷加大 .............................. 10 ，企業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力有待提升 .............................. 11 ，中發(fā)展方向面臨選擇 .............................. 11 ........................................... 12 第 3 章 國(guó)際環(huán)境分析 .................................... 14 世界經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì)變化對(duì)石油化工行業(yè)產(chǎn)生深遠(yuǎn)的影響 ............... 14 全球金融危機(jī)帶來(lái)新的經(jīng)濟(jì)格局 ..................................... 14 新一輪工業(yè)化浪潮將推動(dòng)石油化工行業(yè)快速發(fā)展 ....................... 15 各國(guó)貿(mào)易政策變化對(duì)石油化工行業(yè)的發(fā)展帶來(lái)了新的不確定性 ............ 15 資源爭(zhēng)奪激烈及油價(jià)高位持續(xù)震蕩 ................................... 16 石油替代產(chǎn)業(yè)快速發(fā)展帶來(lái)了重大影響 ............................... 16 全球石油資源需求持續(xù)增長(zhǎng)，世界步入“高油價(jià)”時(shí)代 ........... 17 全球石油儲(chǔ)量、產(chǎn)量和消費(fèi)量現(xiàn)狀 ................................... 17 全球石 油產(chǎn)量和消費(fèi)量預(yù)測(cè) ......................................... 19 石油資源價(jià)格分析預(yù)測(cè) ............................................. 21 全球石油化工產(chǎn)業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)日趨激烈，國(guó)際原油供應(yīng)壟斷趨勢(shì)明顯 ..... 21 國(guó)際石油公司 .................................................... 22 國(guó)家石油公司 .................................................... 22 中國(guó)三大石油石化公司 ............................................. 23 發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家石油化工公司先發(fā)優(yōu)勢(shì)明顯 ，我國(guó)企業(yè)增長(zhǎng)潛力巨大 ..... 24 日本石油石化產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展 ............................................. 24 與國(guó)際石油公司對(duì)比及啟示 ......................................... 25 第 4 章 國(guó)內(nèi)環(huán)境分析 .................................... 27 中國(guó)石油化工公司仍處在發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略機(jī)遇期 ....................... 27 ............................................. 27 能源消耗結(jié)構(gòu)亟待調(diào)整 ............................................. 28 ..................................................... 29 以三大國(guó)有石油化工公司為主的市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)格局 ................... 31 （勘探開(kāi)發(fā)）由三大國(guó)有石油石化公司壟斷 .................... 31 ................................ 32 （銷售）板塊是政府價(jià)格管制、多方參與的市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng) ............ 33 相關(guān)政策 對(duì)我國(guó)石油化工企業(yè)發(fā)展環(huán)境產(chǎn)生重大影響 ............. 33 “ 自貿(mào)區(qū) ” 建設(shè)給石油化工企業(yè)帶來(lái)挑戰(zhàn)和機(jī)遇 ....................... 33 “新 36條”政策出臺(tái)，民間資本加快進(jìn)入石油化工產(chǎn)業(yè) ................ 34 成品油定價(jià)機(jī)制滯后于市場(chǎng)發(fā)展，亟待完善 ........................... 34 第 5 章 建立中國(guó)特色的石油化工企業(yè)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略體系 ........... 36 “ 可持續(xù)發(fā)展 ” 戰(zhàn)略 ......................................... 36 “走出去”戰(zhàn)略 ............................................. 37 “一體化”戰(zhàn)略 ............................................. 38 “差異化”戰(zhàn)略 ............................................. 39 “多元化”戰(zhàn)略 ............................................. 39 “能源引領(lǐng)”戰(zhàn)略 ........................................... 40 “人才”戰(zhàn)略 ............................................... 41 第 6 章 中國(guó)石油化工企業(yè)戰(zhàn)略的實(shí)施與控制 ..