【正文】 are not beautifull. Beautifu words are not true. Good people do not argue. Argumentative people are not good. The wise are not necessarily welleducated. The welleducated are not necessarily wise. The Sage does not hoard things. The more she does for others The more she finds she has. The more she gives to others The more she finds she gains. Heaven39。s is cast wide And though its meshes are loose, Nothing is ever lost. 74 If people do not fear death How can you threaten them with it? If people live in constant fear of death, Because those who break the law are seized and killed, Who would dare to break the law? There has always been an officia executioner. If you take the law into your own hands And try to take his place, It is like trying to take the place of a master carpenter In which case you would probably hurt your hands. 75 The people are starving because their leaders eat up All their money in taxes. And so, they are hungry. The people are rebellious Because their leaders are intrusive. And so, they protest. The people make light of death because their leaders live so well at their expense. And so, they expect death. Therefore, it seems that one who does not grasp this life too tightly is better off than one who clings. 76 When people are alive they are soft and weak. At their death they are hard and rigid. All young things, including grass and trees Are soft and frail. At their death they are withered and dry. So, All that are hard and rigid take the pany of death. Those who are soft and weak take the pany of life. Therefore, powerfu weapons will not succeed (Remember that strong and tal trees are the ones that are cut down). The strong and rigid are broken and laid low. The soft and weak will always overe. 77 The Tao of Heaven is like the stringing of a bow. The high is pressed down and the low is raised up. The string that is too long is shortened and the string that is too short is added to. Heaven39。 Does not demand, but is usually obeyed。s materia living. Do not despise their spiritua lives, either. If you respect them, you will be respected. Therefore the Sage knows himself, But he is not opinionated. He loves himself, but he is not arrogant. He lets go of conceit and opinion, and embraces selfknowledge and love. 73 A soldier who has the courage to fight will eventually be killed. But one who has the courage not to fight will live. In these two, one is good and the other harmful. Who knows why Heaven allows some things to happen? Even the Sage is stumped sometimes. The Way of Heaven Does not pete, but is good at winning。t understand me. And since so few understand me, Then such understanding is rare and valuable indeed. Therefore the Sage wears mon clothes And hides his treasures only in his heart. 71 She who knows that she does not know is the best off. He who pretends to know but doesn39。 To help every being assume its natura way of being, And not dare to force anything. 65 In ancient times those who followed the Tao Did not try to educate the people. They chose to let them be. The reason people bee hard to govern Is that they think they know it all. So, if a leader tries to lead through cleverness, He is nothing but a liability. But if a leader leads, not through cleverness, but through goodness, this is a blessing to all. To be always conscious of the Great Pattern Is a spiritua virtue. Spiritua virtue is awesome and infinite And it leads All things back to their Source. Then there emerges the Great Harmony. 66 Rivers and the sea are able to rule the streams of a hundred valleys. Because they are good at taking the lower position, The streams of a hundred valleys run to them. Therefore, if you want to rule effectively over people You must surely speak as if below them. If you want to lead well, You must surely walk behind them. That way when the Sage takes a position of power The people will not fee oppressed. And when the Sage leads The people will not think he is in the way. Therefore the whole world joyfully praises him and does not tire of him. Because he refuses to pete, The world cannot pete with him. 67 Everyone says this Tao of mine is great and nebulous. So great, in fact, that it is too nebulous To be of any use. I have three treasures that I hold and cherish: One is called passion Another is called moderation And the third is called daring not to pete. With passion, one is able to be brave. With moderation, one has enough to be generous with others. Without petition, one is fit to lead. Nowadays people don39。s position And good deeds can win people over But if one39。s treasure And the bad person39。s Mother, you will long endure. I call this having deep roots and a firm stalk. This is the Way of long life and great insight. 60 Govern a big country as you would fry a smal fish. Approach the world with the Tao and evi will have no power. Not that evi has no power, but it will not harm people. Not that evi is not harmful, But the Sage is dedicated to not harming peopleeven evi people. When no one hurts another, All will eventually return to the good. 61 A great country is like a lowlying lake where many rivers converge。） 采用多自變量比單一自變量有更多優(yōu)點(diǎn)： 1效率高 2實(shí)驗(yàn)控制好 3 補(bǔ)給結(jié)果更有價(jià)值（交互作用）看 書中例子 三節(jié) 實(shí)驗(yàn)技術(shù)統(tǒng)計(jì)分析（略） 第三章 反應(yīng)時(shí)間 一 簡(jiǎn)史 最早在天文學(xué)上發(fā)現(xiàn) 馮特 二 1 反應(yīng)時(shí)間的性質(zhì) 2 簡(jiǎn)單反應(yīng)時(shí)間：?jiǎn)我淮碳? 反應(yīng)選擇反應(yīng)時(shí)：不同刺激物 3 反應(yīng)時(shí)間實(shí)驗(yàn)的要求 個(gè)體差異（人差方程） （ 1）對(duì)被試反應(yīng)的要求 （ 2）在選擇反應(yīng)中刺激與反應(yīng)應(yīng)相等