【正文】 the entire system.(Mechatronics System)（P7）電子控制單元，也被稱為控制單元（ECU）控制，是機(jī)電系統(tǒng)的核心，負(fù)責(zé)外部命令和傳感器的信號(hào)輸出。 sensor detecting sensor part includes a variety of sensors and signal detection circuit, and its function is to detect the process of mechatronic systems in the work itself and the changes of relevant parameters in external environment and transmit the information to the electronic control control unit check the information and sends the corresponding control issues to the actuator.(Mechatronics System)（P7）檢測(cè)傳感器部分包括各類傳感器、信號(hào)檢測(cè)電路，它的功能是檢測(cè)機(jī)電系統(tǒng)自身工作的工程，在外部環(huán)境下的相關(guān)參數(shù)的改變，將其信息傳給電子控制單元。和純機(jī)械產(chǎn)品相比，一體化技術(shù)的性能和功能在機(jī)電系統(tǒng)中大幅提高，它要求機(jī)械本體適應(yīng)在機(jī)械結(jié)構(gòu)、材料、加工技術(shù)以及這些領(lǐng)域中的幾何學(xué)下的新環(huán)境。活塞驅(qū)動(dòng)液壓流體通過(guò)金屬管道進(jìn)入每個(gè)車輪氣缸，在那里液壓移動(dòng)兩個(gè)活塞將閘片壓向輪圈。壓縮氣體通過(guò)一個(gè)堅(jiān)固的管道在由聯(lián)軸器連接的車廂之間傳輸；工程師控制其在同一時(shí)間釋放到所有獨(dú)立的閘塊單元。its release to all the separate block brake units, at the same time, is controlled by the engineer.(Braking Systems)（P5）相關(guān)的基本原理是使用壓縮氣體，通過(guò)氣缸內(nèi)的活塞將閘塊壓在車輪起作用。大多數(shù)情況，然而，用一個(gè)詳細(xì)（復(fù)雜）的車閘系統(tǒng)使這個(gè)力量成倍增加。4:Surface roughness ，來(lái)把設(shè)計(jì)師的想法傳遞給用戶，加工出的零件尺寸應(yīng)與圖紙上所標(biāo)注的零件尺寸完全一致并匹配，但是加工零件的尺寸不可能是精確的尺寸，大多數(shù)的尺寸都有一個(gè)加工范圍，這是可接受的規(guī)定尺寸變化極限的一種方法，以至于可以接受并使用這一加工零件，各個(gè)零件的尺寸精度，形狀精度，互換位置精度必須保持在一個(gè)精度范圍以內(nèi)，以便正確可靠的實(shí)現(xiàn)他們的功能，常規(guī)的加工過(guò)程不允許對(duì)具有絕對(duì)精度的給點(diǎn)的幾何特性進(jìn)行維修和測(cè)量，因此實(shí)際零件加工表面不同于圖紙中規(guī)定的理想零件表面，實(shí)際加工表面的偏差在進(jìn)行評(píng)估說(shuō)明和允許誤差的檢查過(guò)程中被分為四類：。2:Shape deviations。隨著精度的增加和尺寸變化的減小，制造零件所需的勞動(dòng)力和機(jī)器更趨于成本密集型，制造商應(yīng)該對(duì)公差有全面的了解，并以最小的成本提高加工零件的質(zhì)量和可靠性。Unit7Quality and accuracy are major considerations in making parts or parts require a high degree of accuracy to fit increasing accuracy or less variation in the dimension, the labor and machinery required to manufacture apart is more cost manufacturer should have a thorough knowledge of the tolerances to increase the quality and reliability of a manufactured part with the least ，質(zhì)量和精度是最重要的因素。工件毛坯如果是實(shí)心的，首先要鉆孔，鉆頭安裝在尾架上，后者向工件進(jìn)給，如果在車床上進(jìn)行鏜削，工件一般安裝在卡盤(pán)活花盤(pán)上。在車削過(guò)程中，一個(gè)工件繞其軸線回轉(zhuǎn)，單刃車刀 Apart from turning, several other operations can also be performed on a ，一些其它的操作也可以在車床上完成。 Turning and LatheTurning is one of the most mon of metal cutting turning, a workpiece is rotated about its axis as singlepoint cutting tools are fed into it, shearing away excess material and creating the desired cylindrical can occur on both external and internal surfaces to produce an axiallysymmetrical contoured ranging from pocket watch ponents to large diameter marine propeller shafts can be turned on a 車削與車床沿工件進(jìn)給，切掉多余的材料，最后形成要求的圓柱型表面，車削可以加工外表面以形成軸對(duì)稱的成型零件，從懷表的零件到大型螺旋角零件軸都可以在車床上加工。金屬切削就是利用機(jī)加工的方法去除材料，傳統(tǒng)機(jī)加工都是利用不用的刀具在車床，鉆床和銑床上進(jìn)行的，與成型加工，模壓制件和鑄造工藝相比，機(jī)加工的準(zhǔn)備成本還是比較低的。Carbon steels are generally classified by their proportion(by weight)of carbon steel, also called mild steel, has less than % is generally used for mon industrial products, such as bolts,nuts, sheet, plate, and tubes, and for machine ponents that do not require high ：碳銅大體上是按碳含量的臂力來(lái)分類的1）%它用于普遍的工業(yè)產(chǎn)品，例如螺栓，螺母。 graphite iron。 cast iron。The internal bustion engine 內(nèi)燃機(jī) Tolerance levels公差等級(jí) Torque 扭矩torquespeed curves 轉(zhuǎn)矩速度曲線 traceability 可描繪traditional business 傳統(tǒng)商務(wù) transmission systems 傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng) transmission 變速器 trunk deck 行李箱蓋twovalue capacitor start 兩價(jià)電容器啟動(dòng)ubiquitous 普遍存在的 ultrasonic 超聲的，超聲波 universal motor 交直流兩用電動(dòng)機(jī) utilize 利用variability 可變的 可變性 vehicle 車輛Visual sensing視覺(jué)傳感技術(shù) voltage regulator 電壓調(diào)整器 Weight distribution 質(zhì)量分配 Winding current繞住電流with the emergence of digital signal processors and microcontrollers 隨著數(shù)字信號(hào)處理器和控制器的出現(xiàn) wound rotor induction motor繞線轉(zhuǎn)子電動(dòng)機(jī) wound rotor 繞線轉(zhuǎn)子第三篇：機(jī)械工程專業(yè)英語(yǔ)唐一平翻譯Unit1 Metals and Alloys By virtue of their wide range of mechanical, physical, and chemical properties, ferrous metals and alloys are among the most useful of all metals and alloys contain iron as their base metal: the general categories are cast irons, carbon and alloy steels, stainless steels, tool and die ：由于它們的一系列廣泛的機(jī)械物理和化學(xué)的特征，黑色金屬及其合金是所有金屬中最有用的鐵是黑色金屬及其合金中的基本元素主要種類有鑄鐵，碳鋼，合金鋼，不銹鋼，工具鋼和磨具鋼The term cast iron refers to a family of ferrous alloys posed of iron, carbon(ranging from % to about %),and silicon(up to about %).Cast irons are usually classified as follows: cast iron,or gray iron。這架飛機(jī)直接從CAD/CAM軟件開(kāi)發(fā)（增強(qiáng)CATIA系統(tǒng)）并沒(méi)有建立原型或?qū)嵨锬Ｐ偷那闆r下制造出來(lái)，如以前所需要的的模型。The emergence of CAD/CAM has had a major impact on manufacturing，by standardizing product development and by reducing design effort，tryout，and prototype work；it has made possible significantly reduced costs and improved twoengine Boeing 777 passenger airplane，for example, was designed pleted by puter（paperless design）.The plane is constructed directly from the CAD/CAM software developed（an enhanced CATIA system）and no prototypes or mockups were built，such as were required for previous ，通過(guò)產(chǎn)品開(kāi)發(fā)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化和減少設(shè)計(jì)工作量，試用，和原型的工作；它有可能大大降低成本和提高生產(chǎn)力。刀具路徑可以隨時(shí)修改，以適應(yīng)其他部分的形狀被加工。指令（程序）是計(jì)算機(jī)生成的，它們可以由程序員修改優(yōu)化刀具路徑。計(jì)算機(jī)輔助設(shè)計(jì)研發(fā)期間存儲(chǔ)在數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)，然后通過(guò)計(jì)算機(jī)輔助制造進(jìn)一步處理，一直到必要的數(shù)據(jù)和指令的操作和控制生產(chǎn)機(jī)械、物料搬運(yùn)設(shè)備，自動(dòng)化測(cè)試和檢驗(yàn)產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量。計(jì)算機(jī)輔助設(shè)計(jì)和計(jì)算機(jī)輔助制造常常是和CAD / CAM系統(tǒng)相結(jié)合的。利用這些信息，設(shè)計(jì)師可以分析備選設(shè)計(jì)的經(jīng)濟(jì)性。通過(guò)有限元分析，應(yīng)力加到計(jì)算機(jī)模型上并且以圖形化的方式顯示其結(jié)果，在產(chǎn)品物理原型生產(chǎn)之前，對(duì)設(shè)計(jì)中的任何內(nèi)在問(wèn)題給設(shè)計(jì)者一個(gè)快速的反饋。對(duì)于具有不同特性的零部件，如移動(dòng)或靜止，可以指定不同的顏色在顯示屏上標(biāo)示。CAD makes possible multiview 2D drawings，and the drawings can be reproduced in different levels of reduction and gives the mechanical engineer the ability to magnify even the smallest of ponents to ascertain if assembled ponents fit with different characteristics，such as movable or stationary，can be assigned different colors on the ，并且圖形可以在大小不同的圖層里重生。它可以從圖形庫(kù)中恢復(fù)，可以被復(fù)制，拉伸，改變大小，和其他許多方面的改變而無(wú)需重新繪制。Cut and paste techniques are used as laborsaving 。這些分析的速度和準(zhǔn)確性都遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過(guò)了傳統(tǒng)的方法。當(dāng)使用CAD系統(tǒng)時(shí)，設(shè)計(jì)者可以使對(duì)象概念化以便更容易在圖形屏幕上設(shè)計(jì)，并且可以考慮替代設(shè)計(jì)或快速地修改一個(gè)特定的設(shè)計(jì)來(lái)達(dá)到必要的設(shè)計(jì)要求或變化。計(jì)算機(jī)輔助設(shè)計(jì)系統(tǒng)是功能強(qiáng)大的工具，被用于在機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)以及產(chǎn)品和零件的幾何建模。第一篇：機(jī)械工程專業(yè)英語(yǔ)文章翻譯機(jī)械 題目：學(xué)號(hào)：班級(jí)：數(shù)控姓名：康振平工 程 專 業(yè) 英 語(yǔ)ComputerAided Design and Manufacturing 20110334304 121ComputerAided Design and Manufacturing計(jì)算機(jī)輔助設(shè)計(jì)與制造Computeraided design（CAD）involves the use of puters to create design drawings and product design is usually associated with interactive puter graphics（known as a CAD system）.Computeraided design systems are powerful tools and are used in the mechanical design and geometric modeling of products and （CAD）是指用計(jì)算機(jī)來(lái)創(chuàng)造設(shè)計(jì)圖紙和產(chǎn)品模型。計(jì)算機(jī)輔助設(shè)計(jì)通常是與交互式計(jì)算機(jī)圖形學(xué)（稱為CAD系統(tǒng)）有關(guān)系的。