【正文】 有“正如??，正像?? ” 的意思。具體情況是：，代表前面整個句子。(2)非限制性定語從句是對主句先行詞的補充說明，沒有這種從句，不影響主句意思的完整，一般用逗號把主句和從句分開，關系代詞用which，不用that；指人時可用who。(1)The idea that we could ask the teacher for advice is (2)The idea was that we could ask the teacher for advice.(3)The fact that the earth moves around the earth is known to all.(4)The fact is that the earth moves around the (1)限制性定語從句是句中不可缺少的組成部分，主句和從句之間不用逗號分開。(1)The plane that has just taken off is for (2)The fact that he has been dead is ，關系詞在句中充當成分，有時可以省略；同位語從句主要由that引導，在句中一般不做成分；句子也可以由when, where, how, why, whether, what等詞引導，充當成分。3）句中出現了that，或先行詞是that時I have found that which I was looking 。只用which的場合如下：1)非限制性定語從句中Last night, I saw a very good film, which was about the Long ，我看了一部好電影，是一部關于長征的電影。(10)It is(high)time +定語從句，如：It is time that we should have a 。(9)以Here is(are)開頭的句子時，如：Here is a film that will move 。(8)當先行詞為主句的表語或者關系代詞為從句的表語時，如：This is the book that was bought 。(6)當句中已有who或者which時，為避免重復，如：Who is the man that is giving us the class? 誰將是給我們上課的人？(7)在there + be 的句型中，句子的主語是先行詞，而且又是物，如：There are two novels that I want to 。(4)先行詞被the only, the very, the same, the last修飾時，如：He is the only person that I want to talk 。(2)先行詞被序數詞或形容詞最高級所修飾，如：The first letter that I got from him will be 。（李白《春夜宴從弟桃李園序》）第四篇：(人教新課標)定語從句教案!定語從句（2）難點分析限制性定語從句只能用that的幾種情況(1)Can you remember the scientist and his theory that we have learned?你能記住我們學過的科學家和他的理論嗎？由that引導的定語從句中，that可以指人或物，在從句中作主語或謂語動詞的賓語，但不能放在介詞后面作介詞賓語。不有佳詠，何伸雅懷。幽賞未已，高談轉清。會桃李之芳園，序天倫之樂事。而浮生若夢，為歡幾何？古人秉燭夜游，良有以也。試比較李白《春夜宴從弟桃李園序》與王羲之《蘭亭集序》的異同。鑒賞本篇序言的與眾不同之妙。六、鑒賞。（人生如一串葡萄，人生如半杯水的比喻——樂觀與悲觀）。何謂人生觀？（略）關于時光易逝，人生苦短的討論。如屈原：“亦余心之所善兮，雖九死其猶未悔”；霍去?。骸靶倥礈?，何以家為？”大丈夫當戰(zhàn)死疆場，“馬革裹尸”；諸葛亮：“鞠躬盡瘁，死而后已”；文天祥：“人生自古誰無死，留取丹心照汗青”；林則徐：“茍利國家生死以，豈因禍福避趨之”；譚嗣同：“我自橫刀向天笑，去留肝膽兩昆侖”；魯迅：“寄意寒星痊不察，我以我血薦軒轅”；周恩來：“面壁十年圖破壁，難酬蹈海亦英雄”；毛澤東贊劉胡蘭：“生的偉大，死的光榮！”；藏克家：“有的人活者，他已經死了，有的人死了，他還活著”等。如何理解評價寓于文中的作者的生死觀、人生觀？（亦可將教參的分析，提供學生討論）可適當拓展：何謂生死觀？生命個體對生與死的態(tài)度、看法和追求。嘗試背誦全文。作者“悲”而不沉，“悲”而不傷，字里行間流露出的是對人生的眷戀、執(zhí)著與追求。其實質是對生死的悲嘆，對生命易逝、盛筵難再的悲嘆。研讀第三段。三者來自生命個體的短暫有限——修短隨化，終期于盡。一者來自生命本體永不滿足的內在欲望——欣于所遇??老之將至；所之既倦，??感慨系之。①討論：作者“痛”自何來？緣何而“痛”？②點撥、明確：作者由“樂”而憂，由憂生“痛”，由生而死，生死相依，生命短暫，感慨沉痛。在理清思路的基礎上，指導學生課堂背誦。六樂感受獨特——仰觀??視聽之娛——人生極致。四樂活動盡興——一觴一詠??幽情——樂事爽心。二樂人賢——群賢畢至，少長咸集——名士相聚。研讀第一段?！皹贰闭?，游宴之樂也；“痛”者，死生之痛也；“悲”者，人生之悲也。請“拈”出文中三個詞語，體味其情感的變化之由。速讀課文，理請情感脈絡。完成課后“練習三”、《金版新學案—教師用書》（知能鞏固各題）（P177）、翻譯有關句段。就閱讀理解過程中的疑難問題，學生質疑問難，師生釋疑解惑。對照注釋，借助工具書（或助讀資料），疏通詞句，理解文意。三、疏通理解。齊讀（或輪讀）。如“永和九年??修禊事也”為敘述，中速讀；下文集會的描寫，以清新明快語調讀，重讀“樂”字，體現快樂心情；第二段語速變緩變重，尤其是“向之所欣??豈不痛哉！”句，要讀出深沉之慨。讀前強調：①應讀準的字詞（略）。自由朗讀。放錄音范讀或教師配樂范讀。（板書課題）二、朗讀課文。投影《蘭亭集序》碑帖摹本，或引導學生欣賞課文彩色插圖“馮承素摹蘭亭帖”?，F在，讓我們走進《蘭亭集序》，追逐書圣王羲之人生探索的蹤跡。其書法，“飄若游云，矯若驚龍”“天機流布，挺然秀出”，無愧“行書第一”之美譽；其文章，文筆簡約流暢，情感深沉蒼涼，意蘊豐厚深邃，手法獨具一格，借宴游談生死觀，借題發(fā)揮論人生意義，實為“大家手筆”。游宴之后，大家將賦詩匯集成冊，并公推書法家王羲之為之作序。3日，一群文人雅士、名流俊才，齊聚浙江紹興“會稽山陰之蘭亭”，“修禊事也”。再現情境，導入新課。課時安排：1—2教時。教學方法：誦讀發(fā)、點撥法、討論法、比較法等。教學設想：教學重點：把握文章情感脈絡，理解文章主旨；背誦全文。理解：理解文意和主旨，領悟作者于深沉的感慨中蘊蓄的對人生的眷戀、熱愛之情。但我知道政府對他的發(fā)明評價很高。, not really!I think only the professor really understands I know the government thinks highly of ，并不真懂。39。 exploded into loud 。 last his anger 。 firework exploded in his 。 would sooner resign than take part in such dishonest business 。s take part in the triumphal 。 people were elected to take part in democratic 。 mustered all his courage to take part in the 。take part will take part in a chess tournament next ，他將要參加一場國際象棋比賽。s worth reading the 。s the old man worth? ie What is the value of his possessions? 這個老先生的財產值多少錢? teacher worth his salt knows , 都明白這一點。s hardly worth troubling , 不值得研究。39。 is worth doing at all is worth doing 。worth prep.amp。 is(no)room for doubt.（沒）有懷疑的余地。 was beyond all doubt the finest ballerina of her 。 was troubled by religious 。doubt ,疑惑 ,不信 is no doubt that we will be 。 shan39。 whole house went up in smoke in less than an 。 amount by which one quantity is greater or less than 。t finish in less than three ，我們也無法在少于三天的時間內完成。less than 不到,少于 piece of furniture is really inexpensive with a price of less than forty ，實在不貴。 suppliers have removed to 。 story is several removes from the 。 officer must be 。 love affair was played out against the background of a country at 。 two sisters are constantly at war with each 。 state of being at war or being engaged in a warlike 。 bargain they reached with their employers was to reduce their wage claim in return for a shorter working , 但每周工時要縮短。ll let you borrow it on one condition:(that)you lend me your bicycle in , 但有個條件, 你得把你的自行車借給我。 sent him a present in return for his 。in response。in return 作為回報,作為報答 was always ready to help others, in return, he was liked by ，作為回報，大家都喜歡他。 you belong to a union? 你屬于某個工會嗎？ wolves belong to the canine species? 狼是犬科動物嗎？ trees belong to the birch 。 more help a man have in his garden, the less it belongs to ，就愈不成為自己的花園。re decorating(the kitchen)again this 。 building was decorated with 。 soldiers were decorated for 。s a very fancy pair of shoes!那是一雙非常別致的鞋! fancies she likes 。 have a fancy(ie a vague idea)that he will be 。t fancy going all that way in such bad 。 her saying a thing like that!想不到他竟然說出這種話來。fancy,幻想,喜好 ,精美的,新奇的 fancy I have met you 。 shall have to design a new curriculum for the third 。 evil designs were 。 dress is of the latest 。 shops select only the very best quality 。you have to be rich to live ，你必須有錢才能住在這里。select ,挑選,選拔 ,挑選 select group were invited to the wedding 。3