【正文】 clude keeping the speakers39。在聯(lián)合國(guó)大會(huì)，開始討論的法定人數(shù)為成員的三分之一，通過決議則需要半數(shù)以上。所有出席會(huì)議的代表都必須就程序性問題投票而不能棄權(quán)。在此情況下，有權(quán)投票的代表在點(diǎn)名中需回答“出席并投票”，其他代表只需回答“到”即可。如果代表未及時(shí)出席，需到場(chǎng)后用意向條告知主席團(tuán)。t arrive at the conference on special mittees consisting of delegates with rights to vote and those without, delegates need to announce “Present and Voting” or “Present” according to the procedure.“到”即為“出席”。Present 到/出席“Present” refers to “in attendance”.Delegates who are in presence are required to raise up their placards and answer “Present” when their countries39。Preambulatory Clauses 序言性條款The part of a resolution that describes previous actions taken on the topic and reasons why the resolution is begins with a participle or adjective(, concerned, regretting, aware of, recalling, etc.).決議中描述之前與議題有關(guān)的行動(dòng)以及決議的必要性的部分。Position Paper 立場(chǎng)文件An essay details a country39。Point of Personal Privilege 個(gè)人特權(quán)問題A delegate may raise a point of personal privilege in order to inform the chairperson of a physical disfort he or she is experiencing, such as not being able to hear another delegate39。組織性問題可以打斷進(jìn)程提出，但不能在討論議題時(shí)提出。Point of Order 組織性問題A point of order is used when a delegate believes the chair has made an error in the running of the delegate should only specify the errors they believe were made in the formal mittee procedure, but may not address when the topic being ，可提出組織性問題，以糾正主席錯(cuò)誤。Point 問題A request raised by a delegate for information or for an action relating to that include a point of order, a point of inquiry, and a point of personal 。Placard 國(guó)家牌A piece of cardstock with a country39。Pager 意向條傳遞者A delegate in a Model UN mittee that has volunteered to pass pages from one delegate to another, or from a delegate to the dais, for a short period of 。Page 意向條In order to maintain the order of the conference, a delegate should write notes on pages to ask questions, lobby or negotiate with other delegates or a dais member during a should be written in the official working language of the ，開會(huì)期間代表如有任何問題或者需要進(jìn)行游說、溝通，都要通過書寫并傳遞意向條的方式向其他代表或主席團(tuán)成員表達(dá)。只有在得到會(huì)議指導(dǎo)的認(rèn)可并且被委員會(huì)介紹后，它才進(jìn)入“被討論狀態(tài)”進(jìn)而可以被廣泛討論。例如教廷梵蒂岡和參與安全理事會(huì)巴以問題討論的以色列。Observer 觀察員An observer is a state, national organization, regional organization, or nongovernmental organization that is not a member of the UN nor a member of a specific mittee, but participates in the can vote on procedural matters but not substantive matters, Holy See or the State of Israel participating in the Security Council meeting regarding IsraelPalestine 、政府組織、區(qū)域組織或者非政府組織。一旦動(dòng)議獲得通過，在規(guī)定時(shí)間內(nèi)代表可以離開座位，更為密切地和盟友們交換意見。Motion to Suspend the Meeting 動(dòng)議暫停會(huì)議Delegates propose a motion to suspend the meeting for the purpose of ending a session and having a ，并使會(huì)議進(jìn)入休息時(shí)間。Motion to Set Speaking Time 動(dòng)議更改發(fā)言時(shí)間Delegates propose a motion to set the speaking time for the purpose of setting or changing the amount of time each delegate has to speak in the speakers39。Motion for a Moderated Caucus 動(dòng)議有主持核心磋商動(dòng)議Delegates make a motion for a moderated caucus in order to set a discussion on a specific motion for a moderated caucus, delegates are required to propose topic, total time and the speaking time for each 。當(dāng)結(jié)束辯論的動(dòng)議生效后，會(huì)議將進(jìn)入投票階段。Motion to Close Debate 動(dòng)議停止辯論A motion to close debate is not the same as the motion to suspend , it is used to move the mittee to a vote, usually when the delegate has made his or her country39。Motion 動(dòng)議A suggestion made by a delegate to change the current motion might refer to a caucus, an adjournment, an introduction to a draft resolution, or closing the ，需要全體代表投票表決。Moderated Caucus 有主持核心磋商A type of caucus with a specific topic and restricted total time, moderated Caucus enables delegates to focus on detailed problems in a short period of 、限總發(fā)言時(shí)間的磋商形式。目前聯(lián)合國(guó)一共有192個(gè)成員國(guó)。Lobbying 游說Lobbying is a form of advocacy with the intention of influencing decisions made by other delegates during a 。In favor of 支持In favor is to agree to pass a must be over half of the delegates in favor of a motion in order to pass 。Global Village 地球村Global Village is an activity in which delegates can display different cultures of the countries via 。很多會(huì)議都把委員會(huì)中使用過的槌贈(zèng)與主席團(tuán)選出的該委員會(huì)的最佳代表。Gavel 槌The tool, shaped like a small wooden hammer, is used by the Chair to keep order within a Model UN conferences give the gavel to the delegate recognized by the dais as the best in that mittee。s sponsors and approved by the mittee director or president, it will be automatically incorporated into the 。代表按照發(fā)言名單確定的順序在規(guī)定時(shí)間內(nèi)進(jìn)行演講。Formal Debate 正式辯論The standard type of debate at a Model UN conference, in which delegates speak for a certain period of time in the order based on the speakers39。Faculty Advisor 指導(dǎo)教師Faculty Advisor is a teacher or faculty responsible for advising students to run a Model UN club and training a 。指令草案的行動(dòng)措施要立即、有效，避免長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)規(guī)劃。指令草案的表決通過標(biāo)志著危機(jī)的成功解決。在一個(gè)委員會(huì)中，有關(guān)同一個(gè)議題的決議草案只能通過一份。Draft Resolution 決議草案Written by the delegates, draft resolution is a form of document that seeks to solve the issues addressed by a Model UN passed by the mittee, the draft resolution will bee a one draft resolution will be passed for each topic in a 、為委員會(huì)所討論的議題尋求解決方案的一種文件格式。Director 會(huì)議總監(jiān)Director is a member of the dais who is in charge of overseeing delegates39。Delegation 代表團(tuán)Delegation is a group of delegates representing the same UN Member State, an observer or an international organization in a Model UN is also used to describe the delegates from the same participating group, same high school or ，在不同委員會(huì)代表同一個(gè)成員國(guó)或觀察國(guó)的全體代表。Dais 主席團(tuán)Usually consisted of a Chair, a Director and a Rapporteur, a dais is a group of people in charge of a Model UN 、會(huì)議總監(jiān)和主席助理組成，負(fù)責(zé)組織模擬聯(lián)合國(guó)的會(huì)議。模聯(lián)會(huì)議中的危機(jī)一般由主席團(tuán)在會(huì)前設(shè)置好，事件可能與代表們討論的議題相關(guān)。代表需依據(jù)所在委員會(huì)的職權(quán)范圍和議事規(guī)則討論相關(guān)議題。Committee 委員會(huì)A mittee is a deliberative assembly, an organization prising members who use parliamentary procedure for making Model UN conference, mittees are usually the simulations of principal organs, subsidiary bodies, programs, funds, research and training institutes, special organizations, enti