【正文】 ame 12 Workshop_Facilitaton_Tools Updated April 2023 GoFast!In the Frame/Out of the Frame Tool Instructions: 1. Have the leader and group list all potential aspects/ponents (., end results, timeframe, product lines, geographic, anizations/groups involved) of the initiative using postit notes 2. As a total group, place each idea either intheframe, outsidetheframe, or ontheframe (if uncertainty or disagreement exists) 3. Discuss ―ontheframe‖ items in more detail to reach agreement 4. Review the group’s understanding of the scope with the appropriate leaders 13 Workshop_Facilitaton_Tools Updated April 2023 GoFast!Fishbone What is it? Fishbone helps a group analyze causes of an issue or problem in a systematic way. Why use it? When group members are asked to determine the various causes for the problem/issue and remend solutions with action plans to address them, this tool is useful for detailing logical connections contributing to the larger problem/issue. It can also help the group prioritize the most likely causes and identify root causes. It categorizes and provides an open systems framework for discussing the problem. Steps: 1. Build the fishbone diagram on the wall using masking tape or draw on flip charts 2. Clarify and validate the problem with the group 3. Ask group members to identify things that are causing this problem through small group discussion or working in pairs 4. Collect their input and display the individual causes on the fishbone 5. Ask group members to cluster causes in ―related clusters‖ 6. Test for a logical connection with the problem and label each cluster 7. Select one cluster at a time to focus on for the next step of solution generation to eliminate these causes Tips: 1. Make sure that the causes are not symptoms 2. Take time to agree on the ―head of the fish,‖ the key issue 3. Ask ―why‖ five times to get to the root cause 4. Combine storyboarding with this tool 14 Workshop_Facilitaton_Tools Updated April 2023 GoFast!Fishbone Tool Problem or Issue Possible Cause Possible Cause B Technical Human Possible Cause Possible Cause E Possible Cause B Possible Cause Possible Cause E Possible Cause E Possible Cause Wrong Procedures Used Inspectors Lack Skill Poor Training Training Materials Unskilled Instructors Measurement Procedures 70% Poor Location Weak Documentation Unavailable Wrong Tools Used Inconsistent Procedures Used Cleanliness Humidity Peers Pressures Management Don’t Understand Process Low Skill Cleanliness Uninterested Lack Knowledge 20% People Excess Temperature Vibrations 10% Environment No Criteria Exist No Operational Definitions 10% Errors on QA Inspections Topic: Why is the QA inspection error rate so high? 15 Workshop_Facilitaton_Tools Updated April 2023 GoFast!Circles of Control, Influence, Concern What is it? Circles of Control, Influence and Concern is a framework for groups to use to sort information. The goal is to use this tool to identify what the group has control and influence over so they spend their time working on things they can truly impact. Why use it? The power of this tool is to focus the group in arenas that they can impact. It is a visual that can facilitate great discussions. It is especially useful when a group member or members are stuck on a topic that is outofscope. Usually, this tool helps name this situation and allows the group to move on to more fruitful discussions. If the subject is critical and bees a roadblock to progress, yet is not within the group’s circle of control or influence, a group may need to involve others to address the issue. Steps: 1. Draw circles on a chart and post for easy reference 2. Present the model as a framework for determining what to work on 3. Explain that it is based on Stephen Covey’s work about effective people spending the majority of their energy working on things within their control or influence 4. If using it to sort ideas, have the group members place ideas in the appropriate circles 5. If using it to brainstorm things to work on, have the group members generate topics and then place the ideas in the appropriate circles 6. For important issues that fall in the concern ring, identify the stakeholders to involve and plan how to influence them 7. Encourage the group to be realistic in assessing what they have control over yet not be too conservative 8. Move to problem solving or action planning, focusing on the items in the inner circles 16 Workshop_Facilitaton_Tools Updated April 2023 GoFast!Circles of Control, Influence, Concern, continued Tips: 1. Always have the chart posted so it can be referenced when the group goes off track 2. When many items fall in the ―concern‖ ring, ask the group if the leader needs to be involved to reframe their task, or if other people who have control or influence need to be engaged 3. For key items that fall in the ―concern‖ ring, ask if some aspect of it can be within their control or influence – get specific 4. Use this chart as a parking lot for issues that fall outofscope for this session 5. Can be used before the workshop with the leader in identifying appropriate participants and decision panel members 6. Can also be used to remind people before brainstorming or problem solving to focus on areas within their circles of control and influence 7. Use as a check point for remendations – is this something within our control? Can we influence the stakeholders to support our remendation? 8. Use as a point of clarification at a gallery prior to people ―dot voting‖ on topics to work on (see Dot Voting tool) 17 Workshop_Facilitaton_Tools Updated April 2023 GoFast!Circles of Control, Influence, Concern Tool Instructions: 1. Explain the three rings