【正文】 after the statement has been crafted, test for consensus and agree on a statement 6. It is also permitted to agree on a working version that can be fine tuned or rewritten later 23 Workshop_Facilitaton_Tools Updated April 2023 GoFast!What is it? 5 Why Problem Solving is a structured process that identifies, analyzes, and eliminates the discrepancy between the current situation and an existing standard or expectation, and prevents recurrence of the root cause Why use it? The purpose of the 5 Why Problem Solving process is to identify the root cause and implement countermeasures that prevent recurrence of the problem. The process provides a simple and standard approach to solving all types of problems. It’s use creates a culture in which everyone is a strong problem solver promoting continuous improvement Steps: 1. Problem Description – Develop a general problem description. Define the problem more specifically and break it into smaller more specific problems when necessary 2. Problem Definition – Clearly define the deviation between the expected and actual results 3. Shortterm Containment – Establish containment actions 4. Locating Point of Cause –Track the problem back to the location where it occurred 5. Cause and Effect Analysis – Filter through the information to find a Root Cause 6. Longterm Countermeasures – Develop countermeasures to resolve the Root Cause of the problem 7. Followup – Confirm the countermeasure is working, then standardize the process or method By including these simple, standard elements in the Problem Solving process, we will be able to successfully determine the root cause of any problem and prevent it from happening in the future. 5 Why Problem Solving Countermeasure Direct Cause Cause Cause Cause Root Cause PoC Problem Description Problem Definition Locate Point of Cause 24 Workshop_Facilitaton_Tools Updated April 2023 GoFast!Tips: Visual: 1. Make sure that the causes are not symptoms 2. Start with likely causes and then ask which are the most likely causes before drilling down with 5 Whys 3. Depending on the problem, it can take fewer than 5 ―whys‖ or more ―whys‖ as necessary 4. You may uncover multiple areas for questioning, if you plete one area using ―why‖ questioning until it is exhausted and then move onto the next 5. PDCA is naturally applied to the 5 Why Problem Solving Process: ? Plan: enpasses grasping the situation, identifying the root cause, setting a target, and planning the countermeasure ? Do: enpasses munication of the plan and the implementation of countermeasures. Monitor results and adjust as needed ? Check: is the followup on the implemented countermeasures to check the effectiveness ? Action: occurs when we either standardize the countermeasures, or take action to begin the problem solving process again Follow Up Problem Definition PoC Problem Description Locate Point of Cause Direct Cause Cause Cause Cause Why? Why? Why? Why? Why? Root Cause Countermeasure Grasp the Situation Cause Investigation Basic Cause /Effect Investigation 5 Why Investigation to Root Cause 5 Why Problem Solving, continued 25 Workshop_Facilitaton_Tools Updated April 2023 GoFast!Issue: The QA inspection error rate too high Why is the QA inspection error rate so high? Why are measurement procedures part of the problem? Why are inconsistent procedures used? Why are wrong tools used? Why are the correct tools unavailable? ? Measurement procedures ? Environment issues ? Wrong procedures used ? No operational definition ? Inconsistent procedures ? Weak documentation ? Wrong tools ? Correct tools unavailable ? Poor location ? Misplaced ? Broken ? Long reorder time Root Cause for group focus Why 5 Why 4 Why 3 Why 2 Why 1 Cause 1 Why 3 Why 2 Why 1 Cause 2 Cause 3 Issue / Problem For further information regarding Problem Solving, refer to the Problem Solving Operating Guideline (OG 27) on the GMS website at 5 Why Problem Solving Tool 26 Workshop_Facilitaton_Tools Updated April 2023 GoFast!COMMWIP What is it? Definition of Waste: Any element of production, processing or distribution that adds no value to the final product。 however, if the group appears close to a consensus, do it with the full group 9. If the statement is revised outside the group, make sure a formal review is done by the entire group 22 Workshop_Facilitaton_Tools Updated April 2023 GoFast!15 Words Tool Project Definition Project Definition Project Definition Instructions: 1. Have each group member or small group write in 15 words or less the definition of the project, issue or problem statement using either large postit notes, a flip chart page, or an overhead transparency 2. Review each statement with the total group 3. As a group, identify the key terms/themes where agreement exists。 revise with the group to reach an agreed upon definition and test for consensus 5. Either reach a consensus on the 15 word description as a group, or ask someone to continue to refine it and present later to the group for review Tips: 1. If the team/group is large (., 8 or more), consider doing step 1 in pairs or small groups 2. Reviewing, integrating, and reaching consensus is more laborious and challenging the more sets of 15 Words there are。 group members may not all be in agreement 4. Keeping the scope focused increases the chance of successful implementation 5. Go to the appropriate level of detail on each issue or idea that passes through the frame 6. Remember to get consensus on what is in and outoffr