【正文】 form with function. The shanty towns in Rio or Mumbai demonstrate an organic architecture which has no overall layout or prescribed plan, and no obvious logic, but its function is to protect and shelter the inhabitants who would otherwise live in disfort on the streets. Presumably, even the architects who designed the tower blocks of flats in the wardamaged cities of Britain in the 1960s and 1970s aspired to bine the economy of space to the maximum effect and for the benefit and pleasure of the people who were going to live there. There was nothing malign about their intentions, even though they were overoptimistic about the simplicity of imposing a new relationship between the space and the occupiers. In the end, it wasn’t the neobrutalism of the style or the materials ? square forms made of reinforced concrete, often located with little or no regard to the environment, and rising 20 or 30 floors into the cloudy British skies ? which brought criticism and scorn on this modernist architecture. It was the absence of gardens, shops and a sense of munity which challenged and finally defeated this idealistic attempt to define a new way of living in cities.然而，作為一種方法和手段，建筑藝術(shù)還有其他的意義。 synonymous with。 on a daily basis。 assemble?？死藦?qiáng)調(diào)說，你必 須學(xué)會和不同部門的人合作，這樣你才能創(chuàng)造 出能被市場接受的產(chǎn)品， 你的才華才能綻放。 IT 如果 你想在這個領(lǐng)域獲得成功，你應(yīng)該牢記創(chuàng)新并 不等同于個人主義。所以 IT 工作者自 然要承受巨大的壓力，因為他們每天都要想出一些 新點子。在他看來，信息技術(shù)不僅僅是組裝機(jī)器和裝置。這些東西每天一成不變地放在那里，象征著這個變幻不定的世界中片刻的停頓。家是一個讓我們轉(zhuǎn)向內(nèi)心的地方，到了家我們就感到安全?！凹摇痹诤芏嗾Z言中都被譯成“房子”或“住宅”，但它不僅僅意味著磚頭和灰漿。“家”這個詞充滿了強(qiáng)烈的感情色彩。人們是必須這樣做，還是就喜歡這樣做呢？雖然我們已經(jīng)學(xué)會了（或被教會了）喜歡或追求同樣的東西，但在內(nèi)心深處，我們都意識到我們身上有一種個人主義的特質(zhì)，意識到自己與眾不同，意識到自己的獨特性。在摩洛哥的市場上可以買到新加坡產(chǎn)的收音機(jī)。 make amends。(it’s for matters of this kind。他對學(xué)生說，他們完全有權(quán)力過上方便、舒適的生活，但校園的安全也同樣重要。有些學(xué)生認(rèn)為，這項規(guī)定能讓校園更安全的想法是錯誤的。他們說，因為校園離市中心很遠(yuǎn)，校內(nèi)商店里的貨品又不多，把小販趕出校園就無異于把學(xué)生扔到孤島上。校長呼吁學(xué)生在這件事上與學(xué)校合作。注意 a priori decision和the appropriate facts 的譯法。(? 這一段長句較集中。歷史學(xué)家們依照自己的推斷，認(rèn)為凱撒穿越那條小河——盧比孔河——是一個史實，但沒有人對在他之前或是之后幾百萬其他人穿過這條河的舉動感興趣。 我記得皮蘭德婁筆下的一個人物曾經(jīng)說過：事實就像一個麻袋——不塞點東西進(jìn)去就立不起來。這種說法顯然是錯誤的，歷史事實只是在歷史學(xué)家用到時才會不言自明。（注：司各特的箴言ments are free, but facts are sacred.“事實不可歪曲，評述大可自由”），但是現(xiàn)在每一名新聞記者都知道要影響大眾輿論，最有效的方式就是對特定的事實進(jìn)行選擇和剪接。這些所謂的基本事實對所有的歷史學(xué)家來說都是一樣的，它們是歷史學(xué)家可用的原始素材，而非歷史本身。s to be tough, capable and reliable, there is no more option left for young men other than to be trained as tough, capable and reliable if they want to win girls’ heart. If they act to the contrary, they will most probably bemoan their bachelor’s status for the rest of their lives. Following the same unwritten rule, if most boys expect their fianc233。 let on。 unwritten rule。 other than。(presumption。無疑，女性為孕育嬰兒做好了生理準(zhǔn)備，而男人則完全不適合這項工作。根據(jù)同樣的不成文法則，如果多數(shù)年輕男子希望他們的未婚妻溫柔體貼、耐心、忠貞，認(rèn)為這些比什么都重要，那么姑娘即便不是這種人，也會假裝自己將來會成為賢妻良母。如果大多數(shù)年輕姑娘希望她們的未婚夫強(qiáng)悍、能干、可靠，那么小伙子們也就別無選擇，只能把自己訓(xùn)練得強(qiáng)悍、能干、可靠，這樣才能贏得女孩子的芳心。但這么做又會給自己帶來風(fēng)險，標(biāo)明自己要么驕傲自大（于是乎招來譏諷的反應(yīng)，比如“對不起，我不知道你是博士！”），要么是一個成功欲過強(qiáng)的人（那么對方的反應(yīng)就是祝賀時的驚奇，比如“你真行！”）。另外，在表格中勾選“女士”這一稱謂的人會被標(biāo)記為思想解放的人或叛逆者，這就要看評判她的人持什么樣的態(tài)度和看法了。如果一位女士勾選了“太太”（Mrs.）或者“小姐”（Miss）的稱謂，那么她不僅暴露了自己的婚姻狀況，而且還表明她在稱謂方面很保守，或許在其他價值觀念方面也很保守。男人只有一種選擇，即“先生”（Mr.），這除了表明他們是男性之外沒有其他任何含義。） 女人一填表就會暴露自己的個人經(jīng)歷。 in lieu of) When it es to the effects of the current economic downturn, the decrease of student activities is a good case in point. To enliven campus life, the university is always willing to carve out money for activities organized by student clubs and societies, but such sponsorships have been pared down this year because of huge budget cut. Apparently, student organizations need to weather their own financial crisis if they want to recover from their current state of inactiveness. Some suggest enrolling more club members, on the ground that the consequent increase of membership fees may help them get out of the difficulty. No doubt, if we have more members paying the annual fee, and if we cut back on our daily expenses, we can spare some money for organizing activities. But the bottom line is that the expenses of these activities are in proportion to the number of participants. I’m afraid this won’t be of much help. To boost student activities and to avoid going into the red, we still need to pool our ideas and e up with some other ways of raising money, in lieu of relying only on university grants and membership fees.Unit5Unit 51. Women can’t even fill out a form without telling stories about themselves. Most application forms now give four choices for titles. Men have one to choose – “Mr.” – so their choice carries no meaning other than to say they are male. But women must choose among three, each of them marked. A woman who checks the box for “Mrs.” or “Miss” municates not only whether she has been married but also that she has conservative tastes in forms of address, and probably other conservative values as well. Checking “Ms.” declines to let on about marriage (whereas “Mr.” declines nothing since nothing was asked), but it also marks the woman who checks it on her form as either liberated or rebellious, depending on the attitudes and assumptions of the one making the judgment. I sometimes try to duck these variously marked choices by giving my title as “Dr.” – and thereby risk marking myself as either uppity (hence sarcastic responses like “Excuse me!”) or an overachiever (hence reactions of congratulatory surprise, like “Good for you!”). （? 翻譯時注意原文的語氣，否則就可能不準(zhǔn)確。 go into the red。 cut back on。 carve out。要推進(jìn)社團(tuán)活動，同時又不使經(jīng)費超支，我們必須群策群力，拿出別的籌錢方法，而不是僅僅依賴學(xué)校撥款和會員費。當(dāng)然，如果有更多的會員交年費，而且縮減一些日常開支，我們還是能省下一些錢來組織活動的。顯然，學(xué)生社團(tuán)要恢復(fù)以前的活力就必須想辦法克服自身的經(jīng)濟(jì)困難。2. 談及目前經(jīng)濟(jì)蕭條所帶來的影響，學(xué)生活動的減少就是一個很好的例證。 專家們說，夫妻共同做出這些選擇是維護(hù)婚姻資產(chǎn)及婚姻關(guān)系的最重要的方法之一。”賓夕法尼亞大學(xué)沃頓商學(xué)院的商業(yè)及公共政策助理教授貝齊對有些人來說，他們想要的就是一周工作80小時來支付第三套房的房款和鄉(xiāng)村俱樂部的會員費；而對另一些人來說，他們想縮短上班時間，花更多的時間陪伴家人。） 如今，盡管我們大多數(shù)人是因相愛而結(jié)婚，婚姻從根本上講仍然是金錢上的結(jié)合。 for others, it means cutting back on office hours to spend more time with the family. “A lot of the debates people have about money are code for how we want to live our lives,” said Betsey Stevenson, assistant professor of business and public policy at the University of Pennsylvania’s Wharton School, who researches the