【正文】 orking principle. In the pression stroke, the wheels moved closer to the body means a motor vehicle, shock absorber by pression, when the shock absorber piston within 3 down. Under the piston chamber of volume reduction, oil rise, the flow of oil through the valve 8 into the piston chamber above (superior). On the piston rod cavity was taken up as part of a space, thus increasing the cavity volume is less than the inferior vena cava to reduce the volume of oil was on the pression valve 6 open, flows back to storage tank 5. These valves to form a suspension of oilsaving campaign by the pression of the damping absorber in the journey done, the wheel is equivalent to far away from the body, the shock absorber by stretching. Shock absorber when the piston up. Increase the hydraulic piston chamber, the flow valve 8 closed, the cavity of the oil done away inferior vena cava inflow valve 4. Due to the existence of rod, since the cavity is not sufficient oil flow to the inferior vena cava with the increase in volume, under the instigation of a vacuum chamber generated, when the oil tanks in the open pensation valve 7 into the inferior vena supplement. As a result of these throttling valve in the role of suspension damping done to play the role of exercise.Done as a result of valve spring stiffness and prepression force greater than the design of the valve, in the same pressure, the valves done and the corresponding slot of the channel Changtong area contains less than the sum of the corresponding valves and pression Changtong channel crosssectional area of the sum of the gap. This has done the trip have a shock absorber damping force is greater than the pression stroke damping force to the requirements of the rapid damping.Shock Absorber, prospects for the development of automotive ponentsAuto parts as the basis of the automobile industry, the automotive industry is continuing to support the healthy development of the necessary factors. Especially now, the automotive industry is dynamic, full autonomy to carry out development and innovation, but also needs a strong support system as the parts. Own brand vehicles and technological innovation as the basis of the need for spare parts, parts of the independent innovation and development of automotive industry have a strong driving force, they are interactive, interaction, and there is no vehicle of their own brand, a powerful system ponents R amp。 3. air type shock absorber。參 考 文 獻(xiàn)[1][J]. 摩托車技術(shù)， 2003，5：3238[2]張冰蔚，[J]. 華東船舶工業(yè)學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào)， 2000，14(4)：5962 [3][J]. 江蘇大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)，2007，29(4)：1480[4]李洪亮,顧燦松,吳文江,計(jì)[J].華東理工大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)，2007，32(6):7881 [5]楊基忠,俞大衛(wèi),[J].兵工學(xué)報(bào)，2000,77(1):4356[6]姜水生,文 華,[J].南昌大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)，1999,21(2):929[7] [J].現(xiàn)代機(jī)械，2000，4：5660 [8] 劉愛紅 ,[J].摩托車技術(shù)，2005，4：1114[9] 劉愛紅,[J]. 摩托車技術(shù),2007,6:6571[10]單春賢,張冰蔚,陸　[J].江蘇理工大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)，2001，22(5):2632[11]單春賢,仲敏波,吉恒松,邵　[J]. 江蘇理工大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào),2007,28(1):2634[12]周　臻,[J].成都航空職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào)，2004，60(3):7983[13][J].上海工程技術(shù)大學(xué)，1997，2536[14]汪通悅,曾　勵(lì),顧乾坤,[J].南京航空航天大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)，1999,31(4):6375[15][J].客車技術(shù)與研究,2007,2:1518[16][J]西安大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào),2000,58(4):6368[17]有限元法在減振器建模中的應(yīng)用[M].北京,中國鐵道出版社,2007[18]振動(dòng)學(xué)基礎(chǔ)[M].北京,機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社,2003[19]摩托車技術(shù)[M].北京,機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社,2005[20][M].北京,機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社,2007附錄A 外文翻譯原文部分SHOCK ABSORBER 【Introduction】 Shock Absorber Damper (Vibration Damper), shock absorber spring is mainly used to suppress rebound after the shockabsorbing shocks when the shocks from the road. After uneven pavement, while shockabsorbing spring can filter road vibration, but the spring itself will have reciprocating motion, which is used to control this kind of shock absorber spring absorber is too soft, the body will be jumping up and down, shock absorbers too hard or too much resistance will impede the normal work of the spring. Suspension system on the conversion process, the hardware and hardware to the shock absorber of the spring with, and the spring hardness is closely related with the weight, so heavier vehicles generally use the shock absorber cited the crankshaft and connected devices, used to counter the crankshaft torsional vibration (that is, by crank the ignition cylinder and twist the impact of the phenomenon).【Classification】 Shock AbsorberFrom the shock absorber damping materials have divided this point there are two types of hydraulic and pneumatic, as well as a variabledamping shock absorber. Now the shock absorbers are: 1. Rubber shock absorber。在此謹(jǐn)向平教授和黃老師致以誠摯的謝意和崇高的敬意。從課題的選擇到項(xiàng)目的最終完成，平教授和黃老師都始終給予我細(xì)心的指導(dǎo)和不懈的支持。在論文寫作過程中，得到了平學(xué)成教授、黃志剛老師的親切關(guān)懷和耐心的指導(dǎo)。3. 采用動(dòng)網(wǎng)格技術(shù)，模擬減震器在整個(gè)工作過程中內(nèi)部流場的變化情況。2. 邊界條件的處理:進(jìn)一步考慮各種不同的邊界條件，通過不同的算例來比較。3. 用有限元軟件Abaques對其建模，并分析了它的阻尼特性，得出了減震器的受力云圖及位移曲線，從而得到了載荷越大，減震器越容易受損，活塞桿運(yùn)動(dòng)速度曲線變化越快，減震器也越容易受損等結(jié)果，為改進(jìn)減震器的綜合受力特性打下了良好的基礎(chǔ)。目前，國內(nèi)外學(xué)者對減震器的研究主要集中在汽車減震器方面，本文在前人研究的基礎(chǔ)上，針對摩托車減震器結(jié)構(gòu)的特殊性，分別分析了摩托車前叉液壓減震器的示功特性和阻尼特性，并用有限元分析軟件ABAQUES對其壓縮和復(fù)原過程進(jìn)行了動(dòng)態(tài)分析，取得了以下成果：1. 示功特性的數(shù)學(xué)模型及影響它的一些外部因素如復(fù)原節(jié)流孔過大；阻尼器內(nèi)泄漏嚴(yán)重；流通閥關(guān)閉不嚴(yán)；復(fù)原閥開啟過早或關(guān)閉不嚴(yán)；試驗(yàn)速度偏低以及油液偏稀導(dǎo)致復(fù)原阻尼力過小，壓縮節(jié)流孔偏大；阻尼器內(nèi)泄漏嚴(yán)重；補(bǔ)償閥關(guān)閉不嚴(yán)；壓縮閥開啟過早或關(guān)閉不嚴(yán)；底閥脫落導(dǎo)致壓縮阻力過小等等，為日后減少這些方面對減震器性能的影響打下了一定得基礎(chǔ)。綜上所述，減小活塞桿對減震器壓縮腔的相對位移能降低減震器受到的沖擊力，從而減小對減震器的損傷，同時(shí)降低施加在活塞桿頂端的壓力也能減小對減震器的損傷。其次，雖然這個(gè)變化不是很明顯，但仔細(xì)看還是能發(fā)現(xiàn)的，從圖332和圖337的對比上就很容易發(fā)現(xiàn)。 圖340 第一個(gè)連接X方向上的位移圖341 第二個(gè)連接X方向上的位移 圖342 第三個(gè)連接X方向上的位移圖343 第二個(gè)連接Z方向上的位移圖344 第三個(gè)連接Z方向上的位移對比圖3圖335和圖340，這是我們定義的活塞桿運(yùn)動(dòng)速度曲線，他們都是正弦變化曲線，不同的是他們的幅值不一樣。為了證實(shí)這一點(diǎn)，我們改變一下活塞桿的運(yùn)動(dòng)速度和施加在它頂端的載荷，將活塞桿的運(yùn)動(dòng)速度曲線定義為： Time/Frequency Amplitude 1. 0 0 2. 3. 4. 5. 0 6. 7.