【正文】 atio壓縮壓力pression pressure制動平均有效壓力brake mean effective pressure(bmep)空燃比air fuel ratio燃空比fuel air ratio燃料當量比fuel equivalence ratio扭矩torque單缸功率power per cylinder升功率power per liter升扭矩torque per liter升質量mass per liter 減額功率derating power輸出馬力shaft horsepower馬力小時，馬力時horsepowerhour總馬力gross horse power總功率gross power 凈功率net power 燃油消耗量fuel consumption 比燃料消耗率specific fuel consumption空氣消耗率air consumption機油消耗量oil consumption有效馬力net horse power額定馬力rated horse power馬力重量系數horsepowerweight factor制動功率brake horse power制動熱效率brake thermal efficiency 總效率overall efficiency排煙極限功率smoke limiting horsepower功率曲線power curve機械損失mechanical loss機械效率mechanical efficiency有效熱效率effective thermal efficiency充氣系數volumetric efficiency過量空氣系數coefficient of excess air適應性系數adaptive coefficient扭矩適應性系數coefficient of torque adaptibility轉速適應性系數speed adaptive coefficient強化系數coefficient of intensification校正系數correction factor換算系數conversion factor活塞平均速度mean piston speed發(fā)動機轉速engine speed (rotational frequency)怠速轉速idling speed經濟轉速economic speed起動轉速starting speed最低穩(wěn)定工作轉速lowest continuous speed with load最大扭矩轉速speed at maximum torque最高空轉轉速maximum no load governed speed調速speed governing 超速overspeed怠速idling轉速波動率speed fluctuation rate工況working condition(operating mode)額定工況declared working condition變工況variable working condition穩(wěn)定工況steady working condition空載noload全負荷full load超負荷overload部分負荷part load充量（進氣）charge旋轉方向direction of rotation順時針clockwise逆時針counterclockwise左轉lefthand rotation右轉righthand rotation外徑major diameter中徑pitch diameter內徑minor diameter徑向間隙radial clearance發(fā)動機性能engine performance加載性能loading performance起動性能starting performance加速性能acceleration performance動力性能power performance排放性能emission performance空轉特性no load characteristics負荷特性part throttle characteristics調速特性governor control characteristics萬有特性mapping characteristics穩(wěn)定調速率steady state speed governing rate氣缸體和氣缸蓋cylinder block and head氣缸體cylinder block整體鑄造cast inblock (cast enblock)發(fā)動機罩engine bonnet氣缸體加強筋engine block stiffening rib氣缸cylinder（轉子機）缸體stator缸徑cylinder bore氣缸體機架cylinder block frame氣缸蓋cylinder head配氣機構箱valve mechanism casing氣缸體隔片cylinder spacer氣缸蓋密封環(huán)cylinder head ring gasket氣缸蓋墊片cylinder head gasket氣缸套cylinder liner(cylinder sleeve)干式缸套dry cylinder liner濕式缸套wet cylinder liner氣缸水套water jacket膨脹塞expansion plug防凍塞freeze plug氣缸壁cylinder wall環(huán)脊ring ridge排氣口exhaust port中間隔板intermediate bottum導板guideway創(chuàng)成半徑（轉子機）generating radius缸體寬度（轉子機）operating width機柱column燃燒室bustion chamber主燃燒室main bustion chamber副燃燒室subsidiary bustion chamber預燃室prechamber渦流燃燒室`swirl bustion chamber分開式燃燒室divided bustion chamber渦流式燃燒室turbulence bustion chamber半球形燃燒室hemispherical bustion chamber浴盆形燃燒室bathtub section bustion chamberL形燃燒室Lbustion chamber楔形燃燒室wedgesection bustion chamber開式燃燒室open bustion chamber封閉噴射室closed spray chamber活塞頂內燃燒室piston chamber爆發(fā)室explosion chamber燃燒室容積比volume ratio of bustion cahmber燃燒室口徑比surfacevolume ratio of bustion chamber通道面積比area ratio of bustion chamber passage曲軸箱通氣口crankcase breather凸輪軸軸承座camshaft bearing bush seat定時齒輪室罩camshaft drive(gear)cover曲軸箱檢查孔蓋crankcase door曲軸箱防爆門crankcase explosion proof door主軸承蓋main bearing cap氣缸蓋罩valve mechanism cover飛輪殼flywheel cover掃氣儲器scavenging air receiver活塞piston裙部開槽活塞split skirt pistonU形槽活塞Uslot piston滾花修復活塞knurled piston圓頂活塞dome head piston平頂活塞flat head piston凸頂活塞crown head piston(convex head piston)凹頂活塞concave head piston階梯頂活塞stephead piston筒形活塞trunk piston橢圓形活塞oval piston抗熱變形活塞autothermic piston不變間隙活塞constant clearance piston鑲因瓦鋼片活塞invar strut piston直接冷卻式活塞directcooled piston間接冷卻式活塞indirect cooled piston滑裙活塞slipper piston活塞速度piston speed活塞頂部piston head活塞裙部piston skirt整體活塞裙solid skirt活塞裙擴大襯簧piston skirt expander滑履式活塞裙slipper skirt隔熱槽heat dam活塞標記piston mark活塞銷piston pin活塞銷孔piston pin boss活塞銷襯套piston pin bushing全浮式活塞銷fullfloating piston pin半浮式活塞銷semifloating piston pin固定螺釘式活塞銷set screw piston pin活塞環(huán)piston ring組合式活塞環(huán)pound piston ring同心活塞環(huán)concentric piston ring偏心活塞環(huán)eccentric piston ring自由環(huán)free ring閉合環(huán)closed ring梯形環(huán)keystone ring半梯形環(huán)half keystone ring矩形環(huán)rectangular ring油環(huán)oil control ring開槽油環(huán)slotted oil control ring螺旋彈簧加載雙坡口油環(huán)coil spring loaded slotted oil control ring 漲環(huán)expander雙坡口油環(huán)double bevelled oil control ring內上坡口internal bevel top內下坡口internal bevel bottom邊緣坡口油環(huán)bevelledege oil control ring刮油環(huán)scrapper ring鉤形環(huán)napier ring鍍鉻活塞環(huán)chrome plated piston ring活塞襯環(huán)piston ring expander活塞環(huán)槽piston ring groove活塞環(huán)區(qū)ring zone活塞環(huán)岸piston ring land活塞環(huán)內表面back of ring曲柄連桿機構connecting rod中心曲柄連桿機構centrallocated connecting rod偏心曲柄連桿機構offset connecting rod鉸接曲柄邊桿機構hinged connecting rod連桿connecting rod連桿小頭connecting rod small end連桿大頭connnecting rod big end連桿桿身connecting rod shank副連桿slave connecting rod叉形連桿forkandblade connecting rod主連桿main connecting rod方形連桿boxed rod絞鏈式連桿hinged type connecting rod活節(jié)式連桿articulated connecting rod連桿蓋connecting rod cap連桿軸承connecting rod bearing曲軸crankshaft整體式曲軸onepiece crankshaft組合式曲軸assembled crankshaft右側曲軸righthand crankshaft左側曲軸lefthand crankshaft改變行程的曲軸stroked crankshaft曲軸前端crankshaft front end曲軸主軸頸crankshaft main journal 軸頸重疊度shaft journal overlap圓角fillet主軸承main bearing曲軸止推軸承crankshaft thrust bearing薄臂軸瓦thin wall bearing shell曲軸油道crankshaft oil passag