【正文】 he . should act as it did during the last shift. [C] the middle class must receive further education. [D] financial firms are to escape investment risks. Text 1 參考譯文 在過去的 25 年期間，英語報(bào)紙中發(fā)生的所有變化中，或許意義最深遠(yuǎn)的變化是報(bào)紙文藝批評報(bào)導(dǎo)的范圍和嚴(yán)肅性在持續(xù)下降。 fling off 脫掉，甩掉，逃脫 。 e into focus (=bee clearly seen) 變得清晰、明確或?qū)?zhǔn)焦點(diǎn) 。 may well 很可能 。 24. foster vt. 收養(yǎng)；培養(yǎng)；助長；激發(fā)。 22. highlight vt. 特別注意；強(qiáng)調(diào)。 20. adolescence n. 青春期。 18. procedural adj. 程序上的，手續(xù)上的。 16. work through 設(shè)法干完；克服。 14. wonder n. 驚奇；驚奇的事；奇跡。 12. bypass vt. 在?外開辟一條旁道。 10. kill off (=eliminate) 去除，除掉。 8. a creature of habit 受習(xí)慣支配的人。 6. parallel adj. 平行的；相同的；類似的。 the herd 人群。 3. unreflecting adj. 不反省的；無思慮的。s ments suggest that the practice of standardized testing [A] prevents new habits from being formed. [B] no longer emphasizes monness. [C] maintains the inherent American thinking mode. [D] plies with the American belief system. Words and Expressions 1. reach for 伸出手去夠? 。re unaware, she says. Researchers in the late 1960s discovered that humans are born with the capacity to approach challenges in four primary ways: analytically, procedurally, relationally (or collaboratively) and innovatively. At the end of adolescence, however, the brain shuts down half of that capacity, preserving only those modes of thought that have seemed most valuable during the first decade or so of life. 北京太奇教育集團(tuán) 版權(quán)所有 翻版必究 01051627416 8 The current emphasis on standardized testing highlights analysis and procedure, meaning that few of us inherently use our innovative and collaborative modes of thought. This breaks the major rule in the American belief system that anyone can do anything, explains M. J. Ryan, author of the 2020 book This Year I Will... and Ms. Markova‘s business partner. That‘s a lie that we have perpetuated, and it fosters monness. Knowing what you‘re good at and doing even more of it creates excellence. This is where developing new habits es in. (419 words) 1. In Wordsworth39。the Decider39。decide39。 Text 3 [2020, RC Text 1] Habits are a funny thing. We reach for them mindlessly, setting our brains on autopilot and relaxing into the unconscious fort of familiar routine. Not choice, but habit rules the unreflecting herd, William Wordsworth said in the 19th century. In the everchanging 21st century, even the word habit carries a negative implication. So it seems paradoxical to talk about habits in the same context as creativity and innovation. But brain researchers have discovered that when we consciously develop new habits, we create parallel paths, and even entirely new brain cells, that can jump our trains of thought onto new, innovative tracks. Rather than dismissing ourselves as unchangeable creatures of habit, we can instead direct our own change by consciously developing new habits. In fact, the more new things we try the more we step outside our fort zone the more inherently creative we bee, both in the workplace and in our personal lives. But don‘t bother trying to kill off old habits。 justice n. （可數(shù)名詞）法官。 hedge vt. 在（田地、花園等）周圍設(shè)置樹籬；拒絕承諾。 stake out 提出（要求）。aboutface n. 向后轉(zhuǎn)；轉(zhuǎn)變態(tài)度；改變主意。 Text 2 [2020, RC Text 2] Over the past decade, thousands of patents have been granted for what are called business methods. received one for its oneclick online payment system. Merrill Lynch got legal protection for an asset allocation strategy. One inventor patented a technique for lifting a box. Now the nation‘s top patent court appears pletely ready to scale back on businessmethod patents, which have been controversial ever since they were first authorized 10 years ago. In a move that has intellectualproperty lawyers abuzz, the . Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit said it would use a particular case to conduct a broad review of businessmethod patents. In re Bilski, as the case is known, is ―a very big deal,‖ says Dennis D. Crouch of the University of Missouri School of Law. It ―has the potential to eliminate an entire class of patents.‖ Curbs on businessmethod claims would be a dramatic aboutface, because it was the Federal Circuit itself that introduced such patents with its 1998 decision in the socalled State Street Bank case, approving a patent on a way of pooling mutualfund assets. That ruling produced an explosion in businessmethod patent filings, initially by emerging Inter panies trying to stake out exclusive rights to specific types of online transactions. Later, more established panies raced to add such patents to their files, if only as a defensive move against rivals that might beat them to the punch, in 2020, IBM noted in a court filing that it had been issued more than 300 businessmethod patents, despite the fact that it questioned the legal basis for granting them. Similarly, some Wall Street investment firms armed themselves with patents for financial products, even as they took positions in court cases opposing the practice. The Bilski case involves a claimed patent on a method for hedging risk in the energy market. The Federal Circuit issued an unusual order stating that the case would be heard by all 12 of the court‘s judges, rather than a typical panel of three, and that one issue it wants to evaluate is whether it should reconsider its State Street Bank ruling. 北京太奇教育集團(tuán) 版權(quán)所有 翻版必究 01051627416 6 The Federal Circuit‘s action es in the wake of a series of recent decisions by the Supreme Court that has narrowed the scope of protections for patent holders. Last April, for example, the justices signaled that too many patents were bein