【正文】 desire of businessmen to maximize profits and the desire of individuals to maximize their ines, that together determine what shall be produced and how resources are used to produce it. An important factor in a marketoriented economy is the mechanism by which consumer demands can be expressed and responded to by producers. In the American economy, this mechanism is provided by a price system, a process in which prices rise and fall in response to 新東方在線 [] 網(wǎng)絡課堂電子教材系列 7 relative demands of consumers and supplies offered by seller producers. If the product is in short supply relative to the demand, the price will be bid up and some consumers will be eliminated from the market. If, on the other hand, producing more of a modity results in reducing its cost, this will tend to increase the supply offered by sellerproducers. which in turn will lower the price and permit more consumers to buy the product. Thus, price is the regulating mechanism in the American economic system. The important factor in a privateenterprise economy is that individuals are allowed to own productive resources (private property), and they are permitted to hire labor, gain control over natural resources, and produce goods and services for sale at a profit. In the American economy, the concept of private property embraces not only the ownership of productive resources but also 中國最大的管理資料下載中心 (收集 \整理 . 部分版權(quán)歸原作者所有 ) 第 7 頁 共 56 頁 certain rights, including the right to determine the price of a product or to make a free contract with another private individual. 51. In Line 7, Para. 1, the desire of individuals to maximize their ines means ________. [A] Americans are never satisfied with their ines [B] Americans tend to overstate their ines [C] Americans want to have their ines increased [D] Americans want to increase the purchasing power of their ines 52. The first two sentences in the second paragraph tell us that ________. [A] producers can satisfy the consumers by mechanized production [B] consumers can express their demands through producers [C] producers decide the prices of products [D] supply and demand regulate prices 53. According tothe passage, a privateenterprise economy is characterized by ________. [A] private property and rights concerned [B] manpower and natural resources control [C] ownership of productive resources [D] free contracts and prices 54. The passageis mainly about ________. [A] how American goods are produced [B] how American consumers buy their goods [C] how American economic system works [D] how American businessmen make their profits Passage 5 Rumor has it that more than 20 books on creationism/evolution are in the publisher39。 the biological Utopia has arrived. Strangely, it has involved little physical change. No other species fills so many places in nature. But in the past 100,000 year — even the past 100 years — our lives have been transformed but our bodies have not. We did not evolve, because machines and society did it for us. Darwin had a phrase to describe those ignorant of evolution: they look at an anic being as a savage looks at a ship, as at something wholly beyond his prehension. No doubt we will remember a 20th century way of life beyond prehension for its ugliness. But however amazed our descendants may be at how far from Utopia we were, they will look just like us. 5. What used to be the danger in being a man according to the first paragraph? [A] A lack of mates. 新東方在線 [] 網(wǎng)絡課堂電子教材系列 6 [B] A fierce petition. [C] A lower survival rate. [D] A defective gene. 6. What does the example of India illustrate? [A] Wealthy people tend to have fewer children than poor people. [B] Natural selection hardly works among the rich and the poor. 中國最大的管理資料下載中心 (收集 \整理 . 部分版權(quán)歸原作者所有 ) 第 6 頁 共 56 頁 [C] The middle class population is 80% smaller than that of the tribes. [D] India is one of the countries with a very high birth rate. 7. The author argues that our bodies have stopped evolving because ________. [A] life has been improved by technological advance [B] the number of female babies has been declining [C] our species has reached the highest stage of evolution [D] the difference between wealth and poverty is disappearing 8. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? [A] Sex Ratio Changes in Human Evolution [B] Ways of Continuing Man39。s medication is no longer justified by his intentions. 58. According to the NAS39。 pain. [B] it is still illegal for doctors to help the dying end their lives. [C] the Supreme Court strongly opposes physicianassisted suicide. [D] patients have no constitutional right to mit suicide. 57. Which of the following statements is true according to the text? [A] Doctors will be held guilty if they risk their patients39。t intend their suicide. On another level, many in the medical munity acknowledge that the assistedsuicide debate has been fueled in part by the despair of patients for whom modem medicine has prolonged the physical agony of dying. Just three weeks before the Court39。re a physician, you can risk your patient39。t call those deaths homicides because the doctors didn39。 pain, even though increasing dosages will eventually kill the patient. 中國最大的管理資料下載中心 (收集 \整理 . 部分版權(quán)歸原作者所有 ) 第 4 頁 共 56 頁 Nancy Dubler, director of Montefiore Medical Center, contends that the principle will shield doctors who until now have very, very strongly insisted that they could not give patients sufficient mediation to control their pain if that might hasten death. Gee Annas, chair of the health law department at Boston University, maintains that, as long as a doctor prescribes a drug for a legitimate