【導(dǎo)讀】20xx年考研英語強(qiáng)化班閱讀理解教材。新東方在線[]網(wǎng)絡(luò)課堂電子教材系列

　　

【正文】 roduce the desired effect, and then by the appearance of unpleasant withdrawal symptoms when the substance is discontinued. Drugs (substances) that affect the central nervous system and alter perception, mood, and behavior are known as psychoactive substances. Psychoactive substances are monly grouped according to whether they are stimulants, depressants, or hallucinogens. Stimulants initially speed up or activate the central nervous system, whereas depressants slow it down. Hallucinogens have their primary effect on perception, distorting and altering it in a variety of ways including producing, hallucinations. These are the substances often called psychedelic (from the Greek word meaning mindmanifesting) because they seemed to radically alter one39。s state of consciousness. 中國最大的管理資料下載中心 (收集 \整理 . 部分版權(quán)歸原作者所有 ) 第 9 頁 共 56 頁 9. Substances abuse (Line 4, Paragraph 1) is preferable to drug abuse in that ________. [A] substances can alter our bodily or mental functioning if illegally used [B] drug abuse is only related to a limited number of drug takers [C] alcohol andtobacco are as fatal as heroin and cocaine [D] many substances other than heroin or cocaine can also be poisonous 10. The word pervasive (Line 1, Paragraph 2) might mean ________. [A] widespread [B] overwhelming [C] piercing [D] fashionable 11. Physical dependence on certain substances results from ________. [A] uncontrolled consumption of them over long periods of time. [B] exclusive use of them for social purposes [C] quantitative application of them to the treatment of diseases [D] careless employment of them for unpleasant symptoms 12. From the last paragraph we can infer that ________. [A] stimulants function positively on the mind [B] hallucinogens are in themselves harmful to health [C] depressants are the worst type of psychoactive substances [D] the three types of psychoactive substances are monly used in groups Text 4 It is said that in England death is pressing, in Canada inevitable and in California optional. Small wonder. Americans39。 life expectancy has nearly doubled over the past century. Failing hips can be replaced, clinical depression controlled, cataracts removed in a 30minuts surgical procedure. Such advances offer the aging population a quality of life that was unimaginable when I entered medicine 50 years ago. But not even a great healthcare system can cure deathand our failure to confront that reality now threatens this greatness of ours. Death is normal。 we are geically programmed to disintegrate and perish, even under ideal conditions. We all understand that at some level, yet as medical consumers we treat death as a problem to be solved. Shielded by thirdparty payers from the cost of our care, we demand everything that can possibly be done for us, even if it39。s useless. The most obvious example is 新東方在線 [] 網(wǎng)絡(luò)課堂電子教材系列 10 latestage cancer care. Physiciansfrustrated by their inability to cure the disease and fearing loss of hope in the patienttoo often offer aggressive treatment far beyond what is scientifically justified. In 1950, the . spent $ billion on health care. In 20xx, the cost will be $1540 billion. Anyone can see this trend is unsustainable. Yet few seem willing to try to reverse it. Some scholars conclude that a government with finite resources should simply stop paying for medical care that sustains life beyond a certain age — say 83 or so. Former Colorado governor Richard Lamm has been quoted as saying that the old and infirm have a duty to die and get out of the way, so that younger, healthier people can realize their potential. I would not go that far. Energetic people now routinely work through their 60s and beyond, and remain dazzlingly productive. At 78, Via chairman Sumner Redstone jokingly claims to be 53. Supreme Court Justice Sandra Day O39。Connor is in her 70s, and former surgeon general C. Everett Koop chairs an Inter startup in his 80s. These leaders are living proof that prevention works and that we can manage the health problems that e naturally with age. As a mere 中國最大的管理資料下載中心 (收集 \整理 . 部分版權(quán)歸原作者所有 ) 第 10 頁 共 56 頁 68yearold, I wish to age as productively as they have. Yet there are limits to what a society can spend in this pursuit. As a physician, I know the most costly and dramatic measures may be ineffective and painful. I also know that people in Japan and Sweden, countries that spend far less on medical care, have achieved longer, healthier lives than we have, As a nation, we may be overfunding the quest for unlikely cures while underfunding research on humbler therapies that could improve people39。s lives. 56. What is implied in the first sentence? [A] Americans are better prepared for death than other people. [B] Americans enjoy a higher life quality than ever before. [C] Americans are overconfident of their medical technology. [D] Americans take a vain pride in their long life expectancy. 57. The author uses the example of cancer patients to show that [A] medical resources are often wasted. [B] doctors are helpless against fatal diseases. [C] some treatments are too aggressive. [D] medical costs are being unaffordable. 58. The author39。s attitude toward Richard Lamm39。s remark is one of [A] strong disapproval. [B] reserved consent. [C] slight contempt. [D] enthusiastic support. 59. In contrast to the ., Japan and Sweden are funding their medical care [A] more flexibly. [B] more extravagantly. [C] more cautiously. [D] more reasonably. 60. The text intends to express the idea that [A] medicine will further prolong people39。s lives. [B] life beyond a certain limit is not worth living. 新東方在線 [] 網(wǎng)絡(luò)課堂電子教材系列 11 [C] death should be