【正文】 s fertile as in the past. Except in some religious munities, very few women have 15 children. Nowadays the number of births, like the age of death, has bee average. Most of us have roughly the same number of offspring. Again, differences between people and the opportunity for natural selection to take advantage of it have diminished. India shows what is happening. The country offers wealth for a few in the great cities and poverty for the remaining tribal peoples. The grand mediocrity of today — everyone being the same in survival and number of offspring — means that 中國最大的管 理 資料下載中心 (收集 \整理 . 大量免費資源共享 ) 第 6 頁 共 20 頁 natural selection has lost 81% of its power in upermiddleclass India pared to the tribes. For us, this means that evolution is over。 death. [B] Modern medicine has assisted terminally ill patients in painless recovery. [C] The Court ruled that highdosage painrelieving medication can be prescribed. [D] A doctor39。s ruling on physicianassisted suicide, the National Academy of Science (NAS) released a twovolume report, Approaching Death: Improving Care at the End of Life. It identifies the undertreatment of pain and the aggressive use of ineffectual and forced medical procedures that may prolong and even dishonor the period of dying as the twin problems of endoflife care. The profession is taking steps to require young doctors to train in hospitals, to test knowledge of aggressive pain management therapies, to develop a Medicare billing code for hospitalbased care, and to develop new standards for assessing and treating pain at the end of life. Annas says lawyers can play a key role in insisting that these wellmeaning medical initiatives translate into better care. Large numbers of physicians seem unconcerned with the pain their patients are needlessly and predictably suffering, to the extent that it constitutes systematic patient abuse. He says medical licensing boards must make it clear ... that painful deaths are presumptively ones that are inpetently managed and should result in license suspension. 56. From the first three paragraphs, we learn that 中國最大的管 理 資料下載中心 (收集 \整理 . 大量免費資源共享 ) 第 5 頁 共 20 頁 [A] doctors used to increase drug dosages to control their patients39。s suicide as long as you don39。t intend to kill their patients, although they risked their death. If you39。s like surgery, he says, We don39。s decisions on physicianassisted suicide carry important implications for how medicine seeks to relieve dying patients of pain and suffering. Although it ruled that there is no constitutional right to physicianassisted suicide, the Court in effect supported the medical principle of double effect, a centuriesold moral principle holding that an action having two effects — a good one that is intended and a harmful one that is foreseen — is permissible if the actor intends only the good effect. Doctors have used that principle in recent years to justify using high doses of morphine to control terminally ill patients39。s the delivery which causes the audience to smile, so speak slowly and remember that a raised eyebrow or an unbelieving look may help to show that you are making a lighthearted remark. Look for the humor. It often es from the unexpected. A twist on a familiar quote If at first you don39。s notorious bad taste in ties. With other audiences you mustn39。s a doctor. If you are part of the group which you are addressing, you will be in a position to know the experiences and problems which are mon to all of you and it39。 convention, of a story which works well because the audience all shared the same view of doctors. A man arrives in heaven and is being shown around by St. Peter. He sees wonderful acmodations, beautiful gardens, sunny weather, and so on.. Everyone is very peaceful, polite and friendly until, waiting in a line for lunch, the new arrival is suddenly pushed aside by a man in a white coat, who rushes to the head of the line, grabs his food and stomps over to a table by himself. Who is that? the new arrival asked St. Peter. Oh, that39。s Kennedy School of Government. It makes me proud to be an American just to see how our businesses are improving their productivity, says Stephen Moore of the Cato Institute, a think tank in Washington, DC. And William Sahlman of the Harvard Business School believes that people will look back on this period as a golden age of business management in the United States. 1. The . achieved its predominance after World War II because ________. [A] it had made painstaking efforts towards this goal [B] its domestic market was eight times larger than before [C] the war had destroyed the economies of most potential petitors [D] the unparalleled size of its workforce had given an impetus to its economy 2. The loss of . predominance in the world economy in the 1980s is manifested in the fact that the American ________. [A] TV industry had withdrawn to its domestic market [B] semiconductor industry had been taken over by foreign enterprises [C] machinetool industry had collapsed after suicidal actions [D] auto industry had lost part of its domestic market 3. What can be inferred from the passage? [A] It is human nature to shift between selfdoubt and blind pride. [B] Intense petition may contribute to economic progress. [C] The revival of the economy depends on international cooperation. [D] A long history of success may pave the way for further development. 4. The author seems to believe the revival of the . economy in the 1990s can be attributed t