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新東方考研英語長難句快速突破電子版教材-文庫吧資料

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【正文】 ns on human problems which involve moral judgment.參考譯文:他們可能教的很好,而且也不僅僅是為了賺錢,但是他們中的大多數(shù)對(duì)于涉及道德問題的人類問題很少或是沒有進(jìn)行獨(dú)立的思考。He is more than a friend to her. 他對(duì)她不只是朋友。譯文:自然選擇在(進(jìn)化/演化)中的作用僅在一百多年前才得以(闡明/表述/解釋/論證/揭示),而環(huán)境在(塑造/形成/早就)和(保持/維護(hù))個(gè)體行為時(shí)的選擇作用則剛剛開始被(認(rèn)識(shí)/承認(rèn)/意識(shí)到/認(rèn)可)和研究。認(rèn)可,承認(rèn)in evolution:在演化中。保持,維護(hù)  recognized形成(造就)  maintaining2002年63題:簡單句63) The role of natural selection in evolution was formulated only a little more than a hundred years ago, and the selective role of the environment in shaping and maintaining the behavior of the individual is only beginning to be recognized and studied.  shapingmore than…句型A more than+數(shù)詞,表示“多于…….. 以上”的意思。more thanmore A than B這個(gè)句型,通常與于同一人或事物在兩個(gè)不同性質(zhì)或者特征上面的比較,常翻譯為“與其說是B, 不如說是A”比如:He is more a teacher than a writer. 與其說他是作家,不如說他是教師。I would rather die to marry you. 我死也要嫁給你。s instinct for moral reasoning 人類道德觀念推理的本能instinct本能reasoning:推理in action 起作用 c out of action 不起作用in order 整齊的,處于良好狀態(tài)的 out of order 次序顛倒的,出故障的rather than 而不參考譯文:當(dāng)人們產(chǎn)生同情心的時(shí)候,這并不是一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤,這是人類用道德觀念進(jìn)行推理的本能在起作用,這種本能應(yīng)該受到鼓勵(lì),而不應(yīng)該受到嘲笑。九、比較結(jié)構(gòu)1. rather than 97年75題When that happens, it is not a mistake: it is mankind39。3,as…as …和…一樣99年71題:While there are almost as many definitions of history as there are historians, modern practice most closely conforms to one that sees history as the attempt to recreate and explain the significant events of the past.參考譯文:盡管每一位歷史學(xué)家都有自己對(duì)于史學(xué)的定義,現(xiàn)代實(shí)踐最接近符合這樣一個(gè)定義,這個(gè)定義把歷史看作是重新創(chuàng)造和解釋過去重要事件的嘗試。Triumph=victory or conquest 勝利,得勝勝利的事實(shí),勝利或征服refinement 更完美,提煉,改進(jìn)called:作后置定語,譯作“所謂的……”,“人們稱之為……”the inflationary universe theory 宇宙膨脹說(理論)參考譯文:假如那些小熱點(diǎn)看上去同預(yù)計(jì)的一致,那就意味著又一科學(xué)論說的勝利,這種論說即更完美的大爆炸論,亦稱宇宙膨脹說。t know anything as to the others. 至于其他,我一無所知。H as long as 只要, 在...的時(shí)候You may borrow this book as long as you promise to give it back. 只要你答應(yīng)歸還,你就可以把這書借走。就我所知,他到鎮(zhèn)子上去了。B.a(chǎn)s a whole adv. 總體上As a whole I don’t like you, but I appreciate your life style. 總體上講,我不喜歡你,但是我喜歡你的生活方式。 as用作固定短語A.a(chǎn)s a matter of fact adv. 事實(shí)上 I39。但是有時(shí)候,仍然可以用“被”“受到”“得到”“加以”“得以”“為….所”“由…來”“是…的”等結(jié)構(gòu)來翻譯。 用被字來翻譯2004年Text 3Many consumers seem to have been influenced by stockmarket swings, which investors now view as a necessary ingredient to a sustained boom.Stockmarket swing 股票市場的動(dòng)蕩Ingredient:成分,因素Sustained :持續(xù)不變得,相同的Boom:繁榮,隆隆聲參考譯文:許多消費(fèi)者似乎已經(jīng)受到股票市場波動(dòng)的影響,現(xiàn)在的投資者把這些波動(dòng)看作是經(jīng)濟(jì)持續(xù)繁榮的一個(gè)必要因素。99年73題: During this transfer, traditional historical methods were augmented by additional methodologies esigned to interpret the new forms of evidence in the historical study.Ttransfe 變。96年74題: However, the world is so made that elegant systems are in principle unable to deal with some of the world39。social patterns 社會(huì)結(jié)構(gòu) 考了三次都不是模式的意思,98年71題“形狀”,2000年“結(jié)構(gòu)”2004年65題“結(jié)構(gòu)”spread over 持續(xù),延續(xù)nearly a century 大約(將近、幾乎)一個(gè)世紀(jì)whereas:然而,但是。參考譯文:由于大眾通訊的顯著發(fā)展,使得各地的人們不斷感受到新的需求,不斷接觸到新的習(xí)俗和思想,由于上述原因,政府不得不采取更進(jìn)一步的革新措施。 97年73題: It leads the discussion to extremesat the outset: it invites you to think that animals should be treated either with the consideration humans extend to other humans, or with no consideration at all.Lead to領(lǐng)導(dǎo),引導(dǎo),導(dǎo)致如:He led us to his home. extreme極端,末端outsetset out參考譯文:種說法一開始就將討論引向兩個(gè)極端,它使人們認(rèn)為應(yīng)該這樣對(duì)待動(dòng)物,要么像人類對(duì)待自己一樣關(guān)懷體諒,要么毫不關(guān)心。1. 主賓顛倒2. 直接譯為主動(dòng)句3. 用“被”字來翻譯主賓顛倒我們看什么叫主賓顛倒!就是說如果一個(gè)被動(dòng)句中主語和賓語的被動(dòng)關(guān)系非常明顯,我們采取把被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中的原有的主語和賓語的關(guān)系顛倒過來得方法來翻譯。某些修飾個(gè)別詞匯的插入語則要放在該詞的前面來翻譯。小結(jié):插入語的翻譯技巧——前置原則。2005年Text 2The latest was a panel from the National Academy of Sciences, enlisted by the White House, to tell us that the Earth’s atmosphere is definitely warming and that the problem is largely manmade. 參考譯文:最近的一次報(bào)告是由白宮招募的國家科學(xué)院的專家小組作的,報(bào)告說明了地球的大氣肯定正在變暖,而且這個(gè)問題主要是人為原因造成的。插入語可以是副詞,形容詞短語,介詞短語,不定式短語,分詞短語或者主謂結(jié)構(gòu)等等。六、插入語的翻譯技巧:英語中的插入語表示說話人的態(tài)度和看法,解釋或是說明整個(gè)句子而不是某個(gè)詞。(因果關(guān)系)小節(jié):定語從句分為限定性定語從句和非限定性定語從句,當(dāng)一個(gè)限定性那個(gè)定語從句結(jié)構(gòu)和意義都將為簡潔是,我們把它翻譯成“…的”放在先行詞的前面,當(dāng)一個(gè)限定性定語從句結(jié)構(gòu)和意義都較為繁瑣時(shí),或者這個(gè)定語從句是非限定性定語從句的時(shí)候,我們通常要單獨(dú)成句,這時(shí)大多時(shí)候需要重復(fù)先行詞。4.目的狀語He is collecting authentic material that proves his argument.為了證明他的觀點(diǎn),他正在收集確鑿資料。(四)狀譯法1.時(shí)間狀語A driver who is driving the bus mustn’t talk with others or be absentminded.當(dāng)司機(jī)在開車時(shí),不許和人說話,也不能走神He showed no further wish for conversation with Mrs. Smith, who was now more than usually insolent and disagreeable.他似乎不愿再和史密斯太太講話,因?yàn)樗F(xiàn)在異常無理,令人厭煩。 who largely live off the tourists 178。There are many people who are interested in the new invention.很多人對(duì)這項(xiàng)發(fā)明感興趣。這種方法一般用于限制性定語從句,尤其是“there be”句型中。2004年第四篇文章Hofstadter says our country’s educational system is in the grips of people who “joyfully and militantly proclaim their hostility to intellect and their eagerness to identify with children who show the least intellectual promise.”In the grips of 在...的控制中 Joyfully 喜悅地、高興地Militant 戰(zhàn)斗的,好戰(zhàn)的Hostility 敵意,惡意,不友善,敵對(duì),對(duì)抗Indentify With 認(rèn)同參考譯文:霍夫施塔特說,我們國家的教育體系控制在這樣一些人的手中,他們“頗為得意且咄咄逼人地宣布自己對(duì)智力的敵視,宣布自己急于欣賞/看好那些在知識(shí)方面最沒有希望的孩子。defined culture as 將文化定義為that plex(復(fù)雜的,合成的,綜合的) whole 一個(gè)復(fù)合體wholemorals 道德acquire:取得,獲得acquirerequireinquire參考譯文:泰勒把文化定義為“一個(gè)復(fù)合體”,它包括人作為社會(huì)成員所獲得的信仰、藝術(shù)、道德、法律、風(fēng)俗以及其它能力和習(xí)慣。所以這個(gè)時(shí)候我們要把定語從句單獨(dú)翻譯出來, 放置于原來它所修飾的詞的后面當(dāng)定語。98 年71) But even more important, it was the farthest that scientists had been able to look into the past, for what they were seeing were the patterns and structures that existed 15 billion years ago.參考譯文: 但更為重要的是,這是科學(xué)家們所能觀察到的最遙遠(yuǎn)的過去的景象,因?yàn)樗麄兛吹降氖?50億年前宇宙云的形狀和結(jié)構(gòu)。03年翻譯題61題:Furthermore, humans have the ability to modify the environment, thus subjecting all other life forms to their own peculiar ideas and fancies.Furthermore 此外,而且
Modify 修飾,修改,更改,改造
subject 科目,對(duì)象,內(nèi)容,主題
subject to 使遭受,使…承受…Finging a job subjected me to great pressure. peculiar:獨(dú)特的,特有的fancies愛好, 迷戀, 想象力參考譯文:而且,人類還有能力改變自己的生存環(huán)境/他們的生存環(huán)境,/人類還有改變自己生存環(huán)境的能力。舉例:the efforts of scientists and technologists of all kinds:各種各樣的科技工作者的努力?!徊馂槎?dāng)一個(gè)單詞或是詞組的后置定語的意義和結(jié)構(gòu)較為復(fù)雜的時(shí)候,我們把它倒置放在被修飾的單詞或是詞組的前面顯得過于臃腫,這時(shí)我們就要考慮把后置定語拆開單獨(dú)翻譯,這種方法我們稱之為:一拆為二96年的71題:Some of these causes are pl
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