fdi在發(fā)展中國家的決定因素分析外文翻譯-文庫吧資料
2025-05-22 18:53本頁面
【正文】 this study were obtained under these constraints. At the same time, some variables referred as FDI determinants by UNCTAC and used in literature were used in the same sampling. Panel data techniques has been used to estimate the FDI equations because of their advantages over crosssection and time series in using all the information available, which are not detectable in pure crosssections or in pure time series. In this study, the pool data (crosssection time series) has been created for 24 countries over 19752020 periods. T denotes the number of periods and N denotes the number of observations for each period. For making the evidence more reliable, five basic models were set up for analyses. After reliable estimators were derived from SUR and fully modified OLS (FMOLS) models, β convergence model was defined。 (2020) study confirms that the positive association between FDI and Ramp。 Cohen, 1993。 Lim, 2020). According to the neoclassical growth theory model, FDI does not affect the longterm growth rate. This is understandable if we consider the assumptions of the model, namely: constant economies of scale, decreasing marginal products of inputs, positive substitution elasticity of inputs and perfect petition (Sass, 2020). Within the framework of the neoclassical models (Solow, 1956), the impact of FDI on the growth rate of output was constrained by the existence of diminishing returns in the physical capital. Therefore, FDI could only exert a level effect on the output per capita, but not a rate effect. In other words, it was unable to alter the growth rate of output in the long run (Calvo and Robles, 2020). As a consequence, of endogenous growth theory, FDI has a newlyperceived potential role in the growth process (BendeNabende and Ford, 1998). In the context of the New Theory of Economic Growth, however, FDI may affect not only the level of output per capita but also its rate of growth. This literature has developed various hypotheses that explain why FDI may potentially enhance the growth rate of per capita ine in the host country (Calvo and Robles, 2020). However, the endogenous growth theory, which dispenses with the assumption of perfect petition, leaves more scope for the impact of FDI on growth. In this theoretical framework, investment, including FDI, affects the rate of growth through research and development (Ramp。D and tax have been found to have both negative and positive effects on FDI. Chakrabarti (2020) concludes that “the relation between FDI and many of the controversial variables (namely, tax, wages, openness, exchange rate, tariffs, growth and trade balance) are highly sensitive to small alterations in the conditioning information set”. The important question is “Why do panies invest abroad?” Dunning (1993) developed his theory by synthesizing the previously published theories, because existing explanations could not fully justify the existence of FDI. According to Dunning, international production is the result of a process affected by ownership, internalization and localization advantages. The latter is the most important: the factors based on which an investor selects a location for a project. These include the factors affecting the availability of local inputs such as natural resources, the size of the market, geographical location, the position of the economy, the cultural and political environment, factor prices, transport costs and certain elements of the economic policy of the government (trade policy, i
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