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【正文】 rism development does not cause irreversible changes in a given destination39。 and is guided by the wishes of local people and munities in the host areas (Tourism Concern amp。 recognises the contribution that people and munities, customs and lifestyles, make to the tourism experience。 ② 書名（或論文題目）： Rural Tourism And Sustainable Development ③ 出版社（或刊物名稱）： Rural Tourism Management: Sustainable Options ④ 出版時間（或刊號）： September 1998, ⑤ 所譯頁碼： Part2 RURAL TOURISM AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT INTRODUCTION Rural tourism is a segment of the total tourist industry which is particularly important in Hungary, in a country with no spectacular natural attractions, without seaside, high mountains, rainforest or herds of exotic animals. However, its attractive cultural landscapes with small villages, thermal springs, rivers and lakes, bined with the traditional hospitality, are able to offer pleasant experiences to the kind of tourist who is looking for relaxation and recreation in a calm setting. On one hand, rural tourism development can play an important role in the diversification of the Hungarian tourist supply and in the creation of a more plex and colourful country image. On the other hand, rural tourism is not only the end, but the means to stimulate economic growth, to increase the viability of underdeveloped regions, and to improve the living standards of local populations. If rural tourism is to fulfil all these roles, it has to be developed in a way that ensures the longterm sustainability of the resources and that of the development progress itself. But what is a sustainable way of development in rural tourism ? How can sustainability be monitored and promoted in rural destinations ? This paper attempts to answer these questions by presenting the current situation of Hungarian rural tourism through indicators that are considered to be relevant for this type of tourism. SUSTAINABLE TOURISM DEVELOPMENT The concept of sustainable development was introduced by the World Commission on Environment and Development in the Brundtland Report in 1987, defining sustainable development as development that meets the needs of the present without promising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Tourism is one of the foremost economic activities around the world, having transported more than 617 million people internationally and generated 448 billion USD in receipts in 1997 (WTO, 1998). It is a major economic force, having generated in 1996 an estimated 3, billion USD in gross output, creating employment for app. 255 million people, producing app. per cent of world gross domestic product, investing app. 766 billion USD in new fac
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