【正文】 二、介詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句
。一、動(dòng)詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句翻譯時(shí)，順序一般不變。參考譯文：這就是我們?cè)诒疚闹兴懻摰膬?nèi)容。如果先譯從句，后譯主句，通常譯為?就是這個(gè)道理，?就是這個(gè)意思等。It is because a conductor carrying is surrounded by a magnetic ：這就是因?yàn)檩d流導(dǎo)體周圍有一磁場(chǎng)。(it)is because?句型中，一般先譯主句，再譯從句，譯成是因?yàn)?，這是因?yàn)?的緣故，這是由于?的緣故。That is why practice is the criterion of truth and why the standard of practice should be first and fundamental in the theory of ：原句表語很長(zhǎng)，所以此處采用了緊縮原則。如果選擇先譯從句，再譯主句，一般可以譯為?原因就在這里，?理由就在這里等。The advantage of rolling bearing is that they cause less ：滾動(dòng)軸承的優(yōu)點(diǎn)是它產(chǎn)生的摩擦力較小。一般來講，可以先譯主句，后譯從句。參考譯文：物體在水中比在空氣中輕，這是一種大家共有的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。如：It can be seen that precleaning alone would not reduce the total sulfur content of the four coals to levels anywhere near the ：可以看出，這四種煤的總含硫量?jī)H靠預(yù)先洗選將不能降低到完全接近標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)定的水平。有時(shí)也可先譯從句，再譯主句。分析：其中關(guān)聯(lián)詞可譯為：?所。第二篇：考研英語從句翻譯方法考研英語從句的翻譯方法主語從句 表語從句 賓語從句 同位語從句限制性定語從句 非限制性定語從句 時(shí)間狀語從句 條件狀語從句原因狀語從句 讓步狀語從句 目的狀語從句l 主語從句一、關(guān)聯(lián)詞或從屬連詞位于句首的從句+主句謂語+其他成分它們一般是譯在句首，作為主從復(fù)合句的主語。污染使得整個(gè)海濱區(qū)的商業(yè)蒙受了巨大損失。* The medical waste that has fouled beaches in the New York region at the peak of the summer season has taken its toll on business all along the shore, driving vacationers away both from beaches that have been closed and from those that have remained open.* 醫(yī)療用品生產(chǎn)廠家的廢棄物污染了紐約地區(qū)的海濱。練習(xí)* There is nothing more disappointing to a hostess who has gone to a lot of trouble or expense than to have her guest so interested in talking politics or business with her husband that he fails to notice the flavor of the coffee, the lightness of the cake, or the attractiveness of the house, which may be her chief interest and pride.* 最令女主人失望的是，她花了許多心神或費(fèi)用來招待客人，可是這位客人只顧津津有味地與她的丈夫論政治，談生意，絲毫也沒有注意到咖啡的濃香、糕點(diǎn)的松軟或房間內(nèi)講究的陳設(shè)，而這些卻可能是她最感興趣、最為自豪的。* Only gradually was the byproduct of the institution noted,/ and only more gradually still was this effect considered/ as a directive factor in the conduct of the institution.* 【意群直譯】慢慢地這種機(jī)構(gòu)的副產(chǎn)品才被注意到/在更漫長(zhǎng)的過程中這一作用才被認(rèn)為/作為這個(gè)機(jī)構(gòu)必須要做的一個(gè)事情* 【高分譯文】社會(huì)機(jī)構(gòu)的這種副產(chǎn)品只是慢慢地才為人認(rèn)識(shí)的，而把這一作用看做為該機(jī)構(gòu)必須要做到的事情，人們花的時(shí)間更長(zhǎng)。英語中的一些詞結(jié)合了兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的語義成分，而漢語中沒有一個(gè)單獨(dú)的詞可以完全表達(dá)其內(nèi)涵。* We are thus led to distinguish,/ within the broad educational process/ which we have been so far considering,/ a more formal kind of education/ — that of direct tuition or schooling.* 【意群直譯】我們因此會(huì)試圖區(qū)分/在廣義的教育過程中/我們迄今為止一直在思考的/一種更為正規(guī)的教育/——那就是直接的指導(dǎo)或?qū)W校教育* 【全句整合】到此為止，我們一直在思考廣義的教育過程，而現(xiàn)在，我們由此不得不試圖從句翻譯找出一種更為正規(guī)的教育，即直接的指導(dǎo)或?qū)W校教育。* Time was when biologists somewhat overworked the evidence/ that these creatures preserve the health of game/ by killing the physically weak,/ or that they prey only on “worthless” species.* 【標(biāo)準(zhǔn)譯文】生物學(xué)家曾經(jīng)一度動(dòng)輒援引如下證據(jù)，說掠食者靠獵殺體弱的動(dòng)物維持了整個(gè)獵物群的健康，或者說它們捕食的只是一些“無價(jià)值”的獵物而已。however, the conventional view that education should be one of the very highest priorities for promoting rapid economic development in poor countries is * Children will play with dolls equipped with personality chips,/ puters with inbuilt personalities will be regarded as workmates rather than tools,/ relaxation will be in front of smelltelevision,/ and digital age will have arrived.* 【意群直譯】?jī)和瘜⑴c裝有個(gè)性化芯片的玩具娃娃玩耍/具有內(nèi)置個(gè)性的計(jì)算機(jī)將被視為工作伙伴而不是工具/休閑將在氣味電視機(jī)前/數(shù)字化時(shí)代就來到了* 【全句整合】?jī)和瘜⑴c裝有個(gè)性化芯片的玩具娃娃玩耍，具有個(gè)性內(nèi)置的計(jì)算機(jī)將被視為工作伙伴而不是工具，人們將在氣味電視機(jī)前休閑，到那時(shí)，數(shù)字化時(shí)代就來到了。* ，尤其是固定詞組或搭配被句子其他成分分隔開的時(shí)候。理解長(zhǎng)難句，從整體上把握句子的結(jié)構(gòu)。英語難句和長(zhǎng)句的翻譯* Sexual confusion, economic frustrations, and religious hope—all came together in a decisive moment when he opened the Bible, told his father that the first line he saw would settle his fate, and read the magical words: “Come out from among them, touch no unclean thing, and I will be your God and you shall be my people.” * 譯文： 在一個(gè)重要時(shí)刻他打開了《圣經(jīng)》，告訴父親說，他看見的第一行字將會(huì)決定他的命運(yùn)，于是他讀到了這些神奇的字眼：“離開他們，勿觸摸不凈之物，我就是你的上帝，而你是我的子民。* Most letters from his wife were read to him by the nurse in the hospital.* 他的妻子給他的信，大多數(shù)是由醫(yī)院里的護(hù)士念給他聽的。八點(diǎn)鐘開始的宵禁把人們從街道趕走。* Once you are employed by this pany, you will be sent overseas.* 一旦你被這個(gè)公司所錄取，你將被派往海外。* I was seized with the sadness as I thought of how the ancient city had been spared during the Second World War and now might be destroyed by an impending riot.* 我想到了這座古城再第二次世界大戰(zhàn)時(shí)得到幸免而現(xiàn)狀卻要遭到即將來臨的**的破壞，內(nèi)心感到悲傷。* He was controlled by the 。我不是個(gè)號(hào)碼。我的名字將作為一個(gè)反納粹的作家而被銘記。* I started to explain that I could not do my best since my spectacles had been taken away from me, but she wouldn’t let me finish.* 我開始解釋，我干不好是因?yàn)槲业难坨R被拿走了，可她都不讓我講完?！癐t” 作形式主語的被動(dòng)句* It is hoped that 希望 It is reported that 據(jù)報(bào)道 * It is said that 據(jù)說 It is supposed that 據(jù)推測(cè) * It may be said without fear of exaggeration that可以毫不夸張的說* It must be admitted that 必須承認(rèn) It must be pointed out that 必須指出* It is asserted that 有人主張 It is believed that 有人相信 * It is generally considered that 大家認(rèn)為 It is wellknown that 大家知道、眾所周之* It will be said that 有人會(huì)說 It was told that 有人曾經(jīng)說過 譯成漢語被動(dòng)句* We would be spotted by enemy planes flying in and out of the airfield.* 我們可能被出入機(jī)場(chǎng)的敵人飛機(jī)發(fā)現(xiàn)。* He was educated at Zhejiang 。* By the end of the war 800 people had been saved by the organization, but at a cost of over 200 Belgian and French lives.* 戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)結(jié)束時(shí)，這個(gè)組織救了800多人，但這是以200多個(gè)比利時(shí)人和法國(guó)人的生命為代價(jià)的。譯成漢語主動(dòng)句* The whole country was armed in a few ，全國(guó)就武裝起來了。* But his primary task is not to think about the moral code which governs his activity, any more than a businessman is expected to dedicate his energies to an exploration of rules of conduct in business.（2006年第49題）* 【詞義推敲】“moral code” “道德準(zhǔn)則” /“道德標(biāo)準(zhǔn)”。* 變被動(dòng)為主動(dòng) 保持原來的被動(dòng)語態(tài) 變被動(dòng)為主動(dòng) * 直接省略‘被’” 直接變主語為賓語 增加泛指施動(dòng)者* 直接譯為無主句 譯為‘把’字結(jié)構(gòu) 保持原來的被動(dòng)語態(tài)從句翻譯* 直接譯成‘被’字結(jié)構(gòu) 保持被動(dòng)，選擇表述* In the early industrialized countries of Europe the process of industrialization — with all the farreaching changes in social patterns that followed — was spread over nearly a century.* ，其工業(yè)化進(jìn)程以及隨之而來的各種深刻的社會(huì)結(jié)構(gòu)變革，延續(xù)了大約一個(gè)世紀(jì)之久才完成。例如： * He cut the remark out of the final program lest it should offend the should start early so that we might get there before noon.* The murderer ran way as fast as he could so that he might not be caught redhanded.* They stepped into a helicopter and flew high in the sky in order that they might have a bird’s eye view of the * Has the letter been mailed? “信被寄了沒有？”“信寄了沒有