【正文】 香港銀行家趕快申請(qǐng)，申請(qǐng)得越早，批準(zhǔn)得越快。我們也將讓外國銀行在中國經(jīng)營(yíng)人民幣業(yè)務(wù)。首先，我們正在改革中國電信業(yè)體制，一個(gè)重要原則就是打破壟斷，鼓勵(lì)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。我們知道通過競(jìng)爭(zhēng)可以降低通話費(fèi)用，提高服務(wù)質(zhì)量。打個(gè)比方，如果我在香港打個(gè)電話給美國總統(tǒng)克林頓，每分鐘只要0．98港元，要是我打電話給您，每分鐘就要9．8港元，是10倍的價(jià)錢。我們?nèi)〉昧撕芏喑晒?，主要是在?jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易合作方面簽訂了10幾個(gè)協(xié)定。最近我應(yīng)普里馬科夫總理邀請(qǐng)?jiān)L問俄羅斯，并進(jìn)行了第四次中俄總理會(huì)晤。我想我這一次訪問美國，也會(huì)受到同樣的接待，會(huì)受到熱烈的歡迎，而不是去闖“地雷陣”。你們從電視里看到，葉利欽總統(tǒng)同我會(huì)見的時(shí)候把我的手拉過去放在他的胸口上，會(huì)談結(jié)束時(shí)，還有一個(gè)你們沒有看見，因?yàn)槟菚r(shí)候記者已經(jīng)退出去了。我們中國與俄羅斯的關(guān)系也是很好的，雙方建立了戰(zhàn)略協(xié)作伙伴關(guān)系。還有，在實(shí)施俄中簽署的一系列有關(guān)文件特別是經(jīng)貿(mào)協(xié)議方面，你認(rèn)為俄羅斯是否有足夠能力實(shí)施這些協(xié)議？ 俄羅斯支持中國反對(duì)TMD，但這并不是說，而且也沒有到研究如何對(duì)付TMD的時(shí)候，因此我們沒有談到這個(gè)問題。 最明顯的一個(gè)例子是，中國在反對(duì)戰(zhàn)區(qū)導(dǎo)彈防御系統(tǒng)上與俄羅斯立場(chǎng)非常近似。至于我何時(shí)能夠訪問日本，要通過外交途徑來商量。關(guān)于訪日問題，去年是中日和平友好條約締結(jié)20周年，江澤民主席對(duì)日本進(jìn)行了成功的國事訪問，雙方本著“以史為鑒、面向未來”的精神，宣布建立致力于和平與發(fā)展的友好合作伙伴關(guān)系，這是符合中日兩國人民根本利益的。 你剛才說，這件事影響了一些日本銀行的債務(wù)，我感到遺憾。 但前提是各個(gè)債權(quán)銀行不要逼債，不要逼它們提前償還貸款，你逼急了，它就只好破產(chǎn)。當(dāng)然，現(xiàn)在不還債不會(huì)割你的肉，但是那個(gè)債權(quán)銀行對(duì)你也不會(huì)善罷甘休。s jnternal affairs. The reason given for the development of TMD is the allegation that China has deployed 600 missiles along the Taiwan Straits and that in the past only several dozen were deployed there. But I did not know that. How could you know that 600 missiles have been deployed？I did not know that．The deplopment of missiles falls under China’s sovereigntv and these missiles have by no means been targeted at our brothers and sisters in Taiwan. And it is not verv likely that we will use these missiles，or would treat their use very likely and easily. However，we could not but deploy the missiles．We hope to achieve peaceful reunification of the countrv. However，we cannot declare that we renounce the use of force in this regard because otherwise Taiwan would be in a state of perpetual separation from the motherland. Another reason given for developing TMD is that the DPRK has launched missiles and js doing research and development on nuclear weapons and that China has not exerted its jnfluence on the DPRK. Then I would ask how could you know that，why do I not know that？And how can we exert influence or how can we interfere in the DPRK which is an independent country？Just now l cited two underestimations,but here I think there is an overestimation of the socalled threat． As all those advanced weapons origjnate in the United States,then what is the need for the United States to be afraid of that, anything？ On the question of Gitic,I think this is also a question of interest to many of the press correspondents here. The application by Gitic for bankruptcy is an individual case in the course of financial reform in Chjna. But this incident is of great significance for it has sent a signal，a message to the entire world，which is that the Chinese Government wiIl not repay debts for financial institutions if the debts are not guaranteed by the governments at various levels in China. That is to say foreign banks and financial institutions need to perform risk analysis and act prudently and cautiously in extending loans to these financial firms． And I think that the view of dominant public opinion is that this Chinese approach is consistent with the principle of financial reform and international practice. I think some credit banks and financial institutions have been too pessimistic in their estimation and evaluation of this ncident in believing that China is experiencing a financial crisis and that China has no payment capabilities and that China is no longer creditworthy. I think that is going too far. China is maintaining rapid economic growth and has foreign exchange reserves of US $1 46．5 billion and also equilibrium in its balance of international China is fully capable of repay its debts. But the question is whether these debts should be repaid by the government．The answer is, of course，they should not． 同時(shí)，我也認(rèn)為，盡管你破產(chǎn)是合法、合情、合理的，你也不能隨便破產(chǎn)，不要破出甜頭來，大家都搞破產(chǎn)也不行。中國經(jīng)濟(jì)保持快速發(fā)展，現(xiàn)在有1465億美元的外匯儲(chǔ)備，國際收支是平衡的，完全有能力償還債務(wù)，問題是這種債務(wù)是不是應(yīng)該由政府來償還。大多數(shù)輿論都認(rèn)為中國這種做法堅(jiān)持了金融改革的原則，符合國際慣例。但是這件事非常重要，它向全世界發(fā)出一個(gè)信息：中國政府不會(huì)為一個(gè)金融企業(yè)還債，如果這個(gè)債務(wù)不是由各級(jí)政府所擔(dān)保的話。我們不知道這件事，何況它是一個(gè)獨(dú)立的國家，我們?cè)趺茨芨深A(yù)？！既然世界上最先進(jìn)的武器都是從美國出來的，你還害怕什么呀？ 關(guān)于廣信問題，這是大家所關(guān)心的。美日建立TMD的另一個(gè)理由，就是說朝鮮民主主義人民共和國發(fā)射了導(dǎo)彈，在研制核武器，而中國沒有對(duì)它施加影響。我們不會(huì)輕易地使用導(dǎo)彈，但我們不能不部署，我們希望和平統(tǒng)一中國，也絕對(duì)不能承諾放棄使用武力。為什么要搞TMD？據(jù)說是因?yàn)橹袊跂|南沿海部署了600枚導(dǎo)彈，而過去只有幾十枚。中國沒有法治？沒有民主？不是你們想的那樣。我們天天在努力健全我國的法制，保障中國人民的人權(quán)，我們會(huì)繼續(xù)做下去。中國有12億5000萬人，天天都有犯罪分子，天天都在抓人，我不知道你說的是誰，單子給我去查查好嗎？剛剛閉幕的九屆全國人大二次會(huì)議通過了憲法修正案，增加了依法治國、建設(shè)社會(huì)主義法治國家的內(nèi)容。我們?cè)谌藱?quán)方面的工作每天都有進(jìn)步。 我們也愿意聽取國際友人的意見，因此我們有很多對(duì)話的渠道。因?yàn)橹袊鴰浊晔欠饨ㄉ鐣?huì)，還有過半封建半殖民地的歷史，中華人民共和國成立只有50年，50年怎么可能把所有問題都解決？但是我們?cè)敢饴犎「鞣矫娴囊庖?，特別是聽取我國人民群眾的意見。 我們接受了中國“五四”運(yùn)動(dòng)的影響，“五四”運(yùn)動(dòng)就是為民主、科學(xué)而斗爭(zhēng)，所以后來我們?cè)诠伯a(chǎn)黨領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下一直是進(jìn)行著反對(duì)專制獨(dú)裁，反對(duì)反動(dòng)政權(quán)侵犯人權(quán)的斗爭(zhēng)，我們今天怎么可能反過來去壓制人權(quán)？而且只有我們才知道在中國如何才能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)保障人權(quán)?！?It was in l993 that China set up its policy of macro regulation and control． That was a time when China had achieved great results after the widening of opening up to the outside world and deepening reform. Meanwhlle，there was also some overheating in the economic sector ,mainly in the real estate sector and the stock economic overheating resulted in a very high inflation rate of 21．7 per cent in l994. At that time Deng Xiaoping still alive. With his support，and also under the leadership of the CPC CentraI Committee with rade Jiang Zemin at the core，the decision was made to strengthen macro regulation and control．Sixteen measures were adopted，of which l3 were economic measures. And out of the 13 economic measures,11 were related to the banking and financial sector .Thanks to these 16 measures adopted aimed at strengthening macro regulation and control，within a period of a little more than two years，China successfully resolved the problem of economic overheating and resumed the momentum of economic growth，and also scored great achievements in socialist development. The reason why China had managed to avoid the impact of the Asian financial crisis last year was that it already experienced such a kind of financial crisis in l993． And, fortunately,we managed to check such financial crisis before it spread. And it was precisely because of the accumulated experiece of macro regulation and control that we were able to stand rock solid last year amid the Asian financial crisis I’d like to remend to you a February 16 article in The New York Times titled Woul