【正文】 香港銀行家趕快申請，申請得越早，批準得越快。我們也將讓外國銀行在中國經(jīng)營人民幣業(yè)務(wù)。首先，我們正在改革中國電信業(yè)體制，一個重要原則就是打破壟斷，鼓勵競爭。我們知道通過競爭可以降低通話費用，提高服務(wù)質(zhì)量。打個比方，如果我在香港打個電話給美國總統(tǒng)克林頓，每分鐘只要0．98港元，要是我打電話給您，每分鐘就要9．8港元，是10倍的價錢。我們?nèi)〉昧撕芏喑晒?，主要是在?jīng)濟貿(mào)易合作方面簽訂了10幾個協(xié)定。最近我應(yīng)普里馬科夫總理邀請訪問俄羅斯，并進行了第四次中俄總理會晤。我想我這一次訪問美國，也會受到同樣的接待，會受到熱烈的歡迎，而不是去闖“地雷陣”。你們從電視里看到，葉利欽總統(tǒng)同我會見的時候把我的手拉過去放在他的胸口上，會談結(jié)束時，還有一個你們沒有看見，因為那時候記者已經(jīng)退出去了。我們中國與俄羅斯的關(guān)系也是很好的，雙方建立了戰(zhàn)略協(xié)作伙伴關(guān)系。還有，在實施俄中簽署的一系列有關(guān)文件特別是經(jīng)貿(mào)協(xié)議方面，你認為俄羅斯是否有足夠能力實施這些協(xié)議？ 俄羅斯支持中國反對TMD，但這并不是說，而且也沒有到研究如何對付TMD的時候，因此我們沒有談到這個問題。 最明顯的一個例子是，中國在反對戰(zhàn)區(qū)導彈防御系統(tǒng)上與俄羅斯立場非常近似。至于我何時能夠訪問日本，要通過外交途徑來商量。關(guān)于訪日問題，去年是中日和平友好條約締結(jié)20周年，江澤民主席對日本進行了成功的國事訪問，雙方本著“以史為鑒、面向未來”的精神，宣布建立致力于和平與發(fā)展的友好合作伙伴關(guān)系，這是符合中日兩國人民根本利益的。 你剛才說，這件事影響了一些日本銀行的債務(wù)，我感到遺憾。 但前提是各個債權(quán)銀行不要逼債，不要逼它們提前償還貸款，你逼急了，它就只好破產(chǎn)。當然，現(xiàn)在不還債不會割你的肉，但是那個債權(quán)銀行對你也不會善罷甘休。s jnternal affairs. The reason given for the development of TMD is the allegation that China has deployed 600 missiles along the Taiwan Straits and that in the past only several dozen were deployed there. But I did not know that. How could you know that 600 missiles have been deployed？I did not know that．The deplopment of missiles falls under China’s sovereigntv and these missiles have by no means been targeted at our brothers and sisters in Taiwan. And it is not verv likely that we will use these missiles，or would treat their use very likely and easily. However，we could not but deploy the missiles．We hope to achieve peaceful reunification of the countrv. However，we cannot declare that we renounce the use of force in this regard because otherwise Taiwan would be in a state of perpetual separation from the motherland. Another reason given for developing TMD is that the DPRK has launched missiles and js doing research and development on nuclear weapons and that China has not exerted its jnfluence on the DPRK. Then I would ask how could you know that，why do I not know that？And how can we exert influence or how can we interfere in the DPRK which is an independent country？Just now l cited two underestimations,but here I think there is an overestimation of the socalled threat． As all those advanced weapons origjnate in the United States,then what is the need for the United States to be afraid of that, anything？ On the question of Gitic,I think this is also a question of interest to many of the press correspondents here. The application by Gitic for bankruptcy is an individual case in the course of financial reform in Chjna. But this incident is of great significance for it has sent a signal，a message to the entire world，which is that the Chinese Government wiIl not repay debts for financial institutions if the debts are not guaranteed by the governments at various levels in China. That is to say foreign banks and financial institutions need to perform risk analysis and act prudently and cautiously in extending loans to these financial firms． And I think that the view of dominant public opinion is that this Chinese approach is consistent with the principle of financial reform and international practice. I think some credit banks and financial institutions have been too pessimistic in their estimation and evaluation of this ncident in believing that China is experiencing a financial crisis and that China has no payment capabilities and that China is no longer creditworthy. I think that is going too far. China is maintaining rapid economic growth and has foreign exchange reserves of US $1 46．5 billion and also equilibrium in its balance of international China is fully capable of repay its debts. But the question is whether these debts should be repaid by the government．The answer is, of course，they should not． 同時，我也認為，盡管你破產(chǎn)是合法、合情、合理的，你也不能隨便破產(chǎn)，不要破出甜頭來，大家都搞破產(chǎn)也不行。中國經(jīng)濟保持快速發(fā)展，現(xiàn)在有1465億美元的外匯儲備，國際收支是平衡的，完全有能力償還債務(wù)，問題是這種債務(wù)是不是應(yīng)該由政府來償還。大多數(shù)輿論都認為中國這種做法堅持了金融改革的原則，符合國際慣例。但是這件事非常重要，它向全世界發(fā)出一個信息：中國政府不會為一個金融企業(yè)還債，如果這個債務(wù)不是由各級政府所擔保的話。我們不知道這件事，何況它是一個獨立的國家，我們怎么能干預？！既然世界上最先進的武器都是從美國出來的，你還害怕什么呀？ 關(guān)于廣信問題，這是大家所關(guān)心的。美日建立TMD的另一個理由，就是說朝鮮民主主義人民共和國發(fā)射了導彈，在研制核武器，而中國沒有對它施加影響。我們不會輕易地使用導彈，但我們不能不部署，我們希望和平統(tǒng)一中國，也絕對不能承諾放棄使用武力。為什么要搞TMD？據(jù)說是因為中國在東南沿海部署了600枚導彈，而過去只有幾十枚。中國沒有法治？沒有民主？不是你們想的那樣。我們天天在努力健全我國的法制，保障中國人民的人權(quán)，我們會繼續(xù)做下去。中國有12億5000萬人，天天都有犯罪分子，天天都在抓人，我不知道你說的是誰，單子給我去查查好嗎？剛剛閉幕的九屆全國人大二次會議通過了憲法修正案，增加了依法治國、建設(shè)社會主義法治國家的內(nèi)容。我們在人權(quán)方面的工作每天都有進步。 我們也愿意聽取國際友人的意見，因此我們有很多對話的渠道。因為中國幾千年是封建社會，還有過半封建半殖民地的歷史，中華人民共和國成立只有50年，50年怎么可能把所有問題都解決？但是我們愿意聽取各方面的意見，特別是聽取我國人民群眾的意見。 我們接受了中國“五四”運動的影響，“五四”運動就是為民主、科學而斗爭，所以后來我們在共產(chǎn)黨領(lǐng)導下一直是進行著反對專制獨裁，反對反動政權(quán)侵犯人權(quán)的斗爭，我們今天怎么可能反過來去壓制人權(quán)？而且只有我們才知道在中國如何才能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)保障人權(quán)?！?It was in l993 that China set up its policy of macro regulation and control． That was a time when China had achieved great results after the widening of opening up to the outside world and deepening reform. Meanwhlle，there was also some overheating in the economic sector ,mainly in the real estate sector and the stock economic overheating resulted in a very high inflation rate of 21．7 per cent in l994. At that time Deng Xiaoping still alive. With his support，and also under the leadership of the CPC CentraI Committee with rade Jiang Zemin at the core，the decision was made to strengthen macro regulation and control．Sixteen measures were adopted，of which l3 were economic measures. And out of the 13 economic measures,11 were related to the banking and financial sector .Thanks to these 16 measures adopted aimed at strengthening macro regulation and control，within a period of a little more than two years，China successfully resolved the problem of economic overheating and resumed the momentum of economic growth，and also scored great achievements in socialist development. The reason why China had managed to avoid the impact of the Asian financial crisis last year was that it already experienced such a kind of financial crisis in l993． And, fortunately,we managed to check such financial crisis before it spread. And it was precisely because of the accumulated experiece of macro regulation and control that we were able to stand rock solid last year amid the Asian financial crisis I’d like to remend to you a February 16 article in The New York Times titled Woul