語用學(xué)常月圓ppt課件(參考版)
2025-05-06 18:14本頁面
【正文】 Thank you ! 。 I don’t want to tell you what I bought. 30 2. Do not make your contribution more informative than is required. Aunt: How did Jimmy do his history exam? Mother: Oh, not at all well. Teachers asked him things that happened before the poor boy was born. Her son should not be blamed. 31 Violation of the maxims (Quality) 1. Do not say what you believe to be false. ? You are the cream in my coffee. ? X runs as fast as a deer. ? He is made of iron. 32 2. Do not say that for which you lack adequate evidence. A: Nanjing is in JiangSu, isn’t it? B: And Rome is in Romania, I suppose. It’s ridiculous. 33 Violation of the maxims (Relation) Be relevant. A: Prof. Wang is an old bag. B: Nice weather for the time of year. I don’t want to talk about Prof. Wang. 34 Violation of the maxims (Manner) 1. Avoid obscurity of expression A: Let’s get the kids something. B: Ok, but I veto CHOCOLATE. Don’t give them chocolate. 35 2. Avoid ambiguity 買一贈一。 they cannot be said to be true or false. ? Performative verbs: name, bet, etc. 8 ? I do. ? I name this ship Queen Elizabeth. ? I give and bequeath my watch to my brother. ? I promise to finish it in time. ? I declare the meeting open. ? I warn you that the bull will charge. 9 ? Features of Performatives ? First person singular subject 第一人稱單數(shù)主語 ? Speech act verbs / performative verbs: ? Simple present tense 一般現(xiàn)在時 ? Indicative mood
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