第九章：抗生素的生產(chǎn)(參考版)
2024-10-15 12:44本頁面
【正文】 DO conc. are fitted at various points around the vessel ? Optimum temp between 24280C ? Alkaline pH must be reduced to neutrality ? Glucose must be monitored to prevent catabolite repression ? DO must sustain cells but promote fermentation 抗生素的提取 一般用溶媒體取法：利用抗生素在不同的 ph條件下的化學狀態(tài)（游離酸，堿或鹽）存在時，在水及與水互不相容的溶媒中溶解度不同的特性，使抗生素從一液相轉(zhuǎn)移到另一液相中（如有機溶劑），已達到濃酸和提純的目的。 Radial Impellars Different Impellar Designs 5. Heat Exchanger Heat generated by biological reactions amp。 aeration of viscous antibiotic broths 4. Impellar Rushtons are standard, but axial designs also possible. Low rotational speeds minimize shear amp。 easy to sterilize 2. Capacity Industrial designs hold between 30200m3 of fluid, must however consider impact on cost amp。 STRUTURE OF PENICILLIN What is a semisynthetic variant of penicillin??? ? Discovered that natural penicillins can be chemically modified by removing the R group and adding a new one that confers new properties ? It is the variation in the R group that leads to the semisynthetic forms of penicillin. ? Over 20,000 semisynthetic variants ? 3 main variants of industrial importance Main Variants ? Ampicillin（氨卡青霉素） ? Methicillin ? Amoxycillin Methicillin(甲氧霉素 ) 1986（ 13%， 1998， 26%） Originally introduced to bat S. Aureus BLactamase resistant 1960’s a semisynthetic broad spectrum pound produced Over production of betalactamase enzyme has been shown to contribute to methicillin resistance. Ampicillin（氨卡青霉素） Discovered in 1963 One of only few penicillins that can be administered orally Has improved acid stability Broad spectrum. Amoxycillin（羥氨卡青霉素） The preffered choice of drug for oral use. The highest absorbance levels in the body First marketed in 1998 by Smitkline Beechams? Benefits of semisynthetic variants Can be administered orally as they are resistant to stomach acid They have a broader spectrum of activity The semisynthetic variant of penicillin is chemically more stable than the volatility of the BLactam ring, in the penicillin G 6APA（ 6氨基青霉烷酸） ? First discovered in 1959 ? First industrial pr
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