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托福考試備考資料:語法筆記(參考版)

2024-08-24 19:14本頁面
  

【正文】 9. A storyteller exercises close control ove。 8. The Hopi, descendants of the prehistoric Anasazi people, are a Pueblo people who of the southwestern United States. 答案: D 分析及考點(diǎn):不構(gòu)成定語從句,而誤用了定語從句引導(dǎo)詞,把 who 去掉就可以了。 7. The pericardium, a doublelayered sac, it surrounds the heart and the large vessels entering and leaving the heart. 答案: A 分析及考點(diǎn):主語重復(fù),句 子已經(jīng)有明確主語,不需要 it 這里做指代。 6. Cyclamates were introduced in the early 195039。 5. Because the study of chemistry enpasses the entire material universe, it is central to the understand of other sciences. 答案: D 分析及考點(diǎn):詞性誤用。 4. The mineral chalcopyrite usually is found in pact masses or in mixtures with various other mineral as opaque, brassyellow, tetragonal crystals. 答案: C 分析考點(diǎn):名詞單數(shù)誤用。 3. Copper was the first metal used by humans and is second only to iron into its utility through the ages. 答案: C 分析及考點(diǎn):介詞誤用。 2. The major ponent of the sedimentary rock called shale is clay, an earthy, finegrained material consisting primary of a particular group of crystalline minerals. 答案: C 分析及考點(diǎn):修飾動詞用副詞。賓語從句連接用 that,不能用 which 替代。 Largest 已經(jīng)是最高級了,前面不用再加 most 參考譯文:加拿大主要的城市蒙特利爾,是世界上僅次于巴黎的第二最大法語城市。比較級前不用加定冠詞 the,直接用 poorer diet 就行 參考譯文:史前的村民們傾向于努力工作,防除疾病,和吃比游牧的獵人少的食物。 8. Climate is the primarily force that distinguishes one biome, or major terrestrial region, from another. 答案: B 分析及考點(diǎn):詞性誤用,修飾名詞用形容詞,所以改成 primary 參考譯文:氣候 是一個(gè)主要的因素來區(qū)分生物群或者主要陸地相互之間的不同。 7. The piano as it is known today represents a long series of experiments extend back to the year 1711, or perhaps even earlier. 答案: C 分析及考點(diǎn):詞性誤用。改成 economic leader 參考譯文:發(fā)展北美的多個(gè)民族把北美建設(shè)成了全世界的經(jīng)濟(jì)領(lǐng)袖。應(yīng)該用復(fù)數(shù) one of the. 參考譯文:北卡羅來那州是最初組成美國的 13 個(gè)州中的一個(gè)座落在大西洋岸邊,在紐約州和佛羅里達(dá)州的中間。應(yīng)該改成 jewelry today. 參考譯文:在作為寶石使用的所知道的 120 種礦石中,只有 25 種是現(xiàn)在珠寶業(yè)通常使用的。 參考譯文:美國的剪帆船的時(shí)期經(jīng)歷時(shí)間很短,只有從 1845 到 1859. 2. Crystals of pure quartz, usually called rock crystal, are coarseness, colorless, and transparent. 答案: D 分析及考點(diǎn):平行對稱結(jié)構(gòu),詞性不對稱,所以 coarseness 名詞應(yīng)改成 coarse 參考譯文:純凈石英的結(jié)晶,通常稱為巖石水晶,是粗糙的,無色的,透明的。修飾名詞用形容詞,所以改成 是獨(dú)立的形容詞,意為著名的 參考譯文:早期的英語滑稽表演通常嘲笑那些著名的文學(xué)作品和感人 的戲劇。 參考譯文:成年瓢蟲和他們的幼蟲都是極其喜歡吃蚜蟲,介殼蟲和其他植物害蟲。 9. Both adult ladybugs and their larvae are voracious eaters of aphids, scale insects, and another plant pests. 答案: D 分析及考點(diǎn): another 與 other 混用。只 有 even though 和 although,沒有 even although 的表述。 educational 這里應(yīng)該是名詞形式,所以改成 education. 參考譯文:百科全書的最初目的是提供普遍的教育。 參考譯文:原子核中每一個(gè)負(fù)電荷電子和一個(gè)正電荷質(zhì)子之間的電的作用力的相互吸引,把原子結(jié)合在一起。 6. Atoms are held together by the electrical forces of attraction between each negative electron and a positive protons within the nucleus. 答案: C 分析及考點(diǎn):名詞單復(fù)數(shù)混亂。 5. A single bacterium has the potential to produce 16 million copies of themselves in a day. 答案: D 分析及考點(diǎn):代詞指代問題。應(yīng)改為 gravitational fields,重力場。 3. Neptune circles the Sun once every Earth years, and its day —— one rotation its axis —— is hours. 答案: C rotation around its axis 分析及考點(diǎn): C 的錯(cuò)誤比較明顯, B(every)的這種用法應(yīng)記住,很容易被迷惑。所以 that perches 實(shí)際不成立定語從句,應(yīng)該把 that 去掉。 (8) 1. The coal industry is important to every industrial nations because most other industries are directly or indirectly dependent on it. 答案: A 分析及考點(diǎn):同樣表示每個(gè),所有, every 應(yīng)該跟名詞單數(shù),而 nations 是復(fù)數(shù),應(yīng)該改成 all 參考譯文:煤礦工業(yè)對所有國家來說都是重要的,因?yàn)榇蠖鄶?shù)其他工業(yè)都直接或間接的依賴它。astronomers 分析及考點(diǎn):可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)單獨(dú)出現(xiàn),一般都錯(cuò)。 參考譯文:現(xiàn)代弦樂樂器不僅包含有源于古代的樂器,如豎琴,也有最近發(fā)展的包括小提琴的弓形樂器。 9. Modern stringed instruments prise both instruments of ancient origin, such as the harp, and the developed recently family of bowed instruments that includes the violin. 答案: recently224。steamships 分析:單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞不能單獨(dú)出現(xiàn)。 8. The Mississippi riverboat, which evolved from simpler steamship of the early 180039。of the first 分析:定冠詞的使用。 參考譯文:科羅拉多州的 Boulder 是美國唯一的從一處冰川獲得供水的城市。 6. Boulder, Colorado, is only city in the United States that derives its water supply from a glacier. 答案: only224。 5. Jackson, Michigan, a city who was settled in 1829, was named for Andrew Jackson, the seventh President of the United States. 答案: 分析:定語從句連詞的誤用。one of……… 結(jié)構(gòu)后面應(yīng)該接特指的范圍,必須加 the,所以 C 錯(cuò)。of the simple. 分析: 從后面的 sugars 可以看出, sugar 代表 “某一類糖 ”的時(shí)候是可數(shù)名詞 。 參考譯文:馬薩諸賽州的 Concord 有一個(gè)紀(jì)念 19 世紀(jì)小說《小女人》的作者 Louisa May Alcott 生 平的博物館。 3. In Concord, Massachusetts, there is a museum memorating the life of Louisa May Alcott, the author the nieenthcentury novel Little Women. 答案: C author the 224。可數(shù)不可數(shù)名詞修飾詞的誤用。s, much African American writers, artists, and musicians came to Harlem in New York City, creating a cultural center there. 答案: A much224。 參考譯文:哥倫布航海時(shí)代,美洲土著居民使用著令人驚異的各種語言,遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過了歐洲人使用的種類。 voyages, Native Americans used an astounding diversity of langua ges, ________ the diversity used by Europeans. A. the greatest by far B. by far than greater C. by far the greatest D. greater by far than 答案: D 分析:有 than 就要找到比較級, A, C 語義不通 。 10. Sauropods had _________ smallest brains relative to body weight of any group of dinosaurs, yet they were among the most successful of all dinosaurs in evolutionary terms. A. what was a B. when a C. of the D. the 答案: D 分析: adj. 最高級前一定要加 the. 參考譯文:雷龍是恐龍群體中大腦對身體重量相比最小的一種,然而他們在進(jìn)化過程中卻屬于最成功的恐龍之一。s first novel, Invisible Man, was received 答 案: C 分析:同位語結(jié)構(gòu),由句意應(yīng)該用主動形式。 9. Although _________ instant critical acclaim in 1952, he never pleted a second novel, publishing many short works instead. A. Invisible Man was the first novel by Ralph Ellison received B. first received by Ralph Ellison, the novel Invisible Man was C. Ralph Ellison39。形容詞修飾名詞。 7. With _________ formal art training and largely selfeducated, Anna Mary Moses, known as Grandma Moses, began to paint rural scenes at the age of seventyeight. A. not B. no C. neither D. never 答案: B 分
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