【正文】 s　　(B) An arts movement of the 192039。s first period of intense activity by African Americans in the field of literature, art, and music in the United States. The philosophy of the movement bined realism, ethnic consciousness, and Americanism. Encouraged by the example of certain Americans　　5) of European descent such as Thomas Eakins, Robert Henri, and George Luks, who had included persons of African descent in their paintings as serious studies rather than as trivial or sentimental stereotypes, African American artists of this period set about creating a new portrayal of themselves and their lives in the United States. As they began to strive for social and cultural independence. Their attitudes toward themselves changed,　　10) and, to some extent, other segments of American society began to change their attitudes toward them. Thus, thought the Harlem Renaissance was a shortlived movement, its impact on American art and culture continues to the present.　　The district in New York City know as Harlem was the capital of the movement. In 1925 an issue of Survey Graphic magazine devoted exclusively to Harlem and edited　　15) by philosopher Alain Locke became the manifesto of the African American artistic movement. Locke strongly suggested that individuals, while accepting their Americanism, take pride in their African ancestral arts and urged artists to look to Africa for substance and inspiration. Far from advocating a withdrawal from American culture, as did some of his contemporaries, Locke remended a cultural pluralism through which artists could　　20) enrich the culture of America. African Americans were urged by Locke to be collaborators and participators with other Americans in art, literature, and music。 balance in the air) and wait until the replacement feathers are about onethird grown before shedding the next outermost, and so on. Others always start with the innermost primary feathers and work outward. Yet other species begin in the middle and work outward on both weeks while the replacement feathers grow.　　 passage mainly discusses how　　(A) birds prepare for breeding　　(B) bird feathers differ from species　　(C) birds shed and replace their feathers　　(D) birds are affected by seasonal changes　　 word Notwithstanding in line 2 is closest　　in meaning to　　(A) despite　　(B) because of　　(C) instead of　　(D) regarding word intricate in line 2 is closest in meaning to　　(A) regular　　(B) plex　　(C) interesting　　(D) important　　 word random in line 12 is closest in meaning to　　(A) unfortunate　　(B) unusual　　(C) unobservable　　(D) unpredictable　　 word optimal in line 13 is closest in meaning to　　(A) slow　　(B) frequent　　(C) best　　(D) early　　 of the following is NOT mentioned as a reason that songbirds molt in the late summer?　　(A) Fewer predators are in the woods.　　(B) The weathers is still warm.　　(C) The songbirds have finished breeding.　　(D) Food is still available.　　17. Some birds that are molting maintain balance during flight by　　(A) constantly preening and caring for their remaining feathers　　(B) dropping flight feathers on both sides at the same time　　(C) adjusting the angle of their flight to pensate for lost feathers　　(D) only losing onethird of their feathers　　 word Others in line 21 refers to　　(A) ducks　　(B) sides　　(C) species　　(D) flight feathers　　 author discusses ducks in order to provide an example of birds that　　(A) grow replacement feathers that are very long　　(B) shed all their wing feathers at one time　　(C) keep their innermost feathers　　(D) shed their outermost feathers first　　20. It can inferred from the discussion about ducks that the molting of their flight feathers takes.　　(A) a year　　(B) a season　　(C) several months　　(D) a few weeks　　Question 2130　　The Harlem Renaissance, a movement of the 192039。 Molt requires that a bird find and process enough protein to rebuild approximately onethird of its body weight. It is not surprising that a bird in heavy molt often seems listless and unwell. But far from being random, molt is controlled by strong evolutionary forces that have established an optimal time and duration. Generally, molt occurs at the time of least stress on the bird. Many songbirds, for instance, molt in late summer, when　　15)s Feather inevitably wears out. All adult birds molt their feathers at least once a year, and upon close observation, one can recognize the frayed, ragged appearance of feathers that　　5) meaning to　　(A) attracted　　(B) assigned　　(C) restricted　　(D) attached　　6. The word Others in line 20 refers to other　　(A) adults　　(B) promises　　(C) goods and services　　(D) social opportunities　　 word expendable in line 21 is closest in meaning to　　(A) nonproductive　　(B) unacceptable　　(C) nonessential　　(D) unprofitable　　8. It can be inferred from the passage that industrialization affected farming in that industrialization　　(A) increased the price of farm products　　(B) limited the need for new farm machinery　　(C) created new and interesting jobs on farms　　(D) reduced the number of people willing to do farm work　　 does the author mean when stating that certain inventions made farming capitalintensive rather than laborintensive (lines 2324)?　　(A) Workers had to be trained to operate the new machines.　　(B) Mechanized farming required more capital and fewer laborers.　　(C) The new inventions were not helpful for all farming activities.　　(D) Human labor could still acplish as much work as the first machines.　　10. According to the passage, factory workers differed from craft workers in that factory workers　　(A) were required to be more creative　　(B) worked extensively with raw