【正文】 s requirements. A surface coating may be required when appearance is important or when cover to reinforcement is small. of Repair Methods A suitable repair counteracts all the deficiencies which are relevant to the use of the structure. The selection of tile correct method and material for a particular, application requires careful consideration, whether to meet special requirements for placing strength, durability or other shortor longterm properties. These considerations include: 1. Nature of the Distress 中國(guó)地質(zhì)大學(xué)長(zhǎng)城學(xué)院 2021 屆畢業(yè)論文 13 If alive crack is filled with a rigid material, then either the repair material will eventually fail or some new cracking will occur adjacent to the original crack. Repairs to live cracks must either use flexible materials to acmodate movements or else steps must be taken prior to the repair to eliminate the movement. 2. Position of the Crack Techniques which rely on gravity to introduce the material into the crack are more successfully carried out on horizontal surfaces but are rarely effective on vertical ones. 3. Environment If moisture, water or contaminants are found in the crack, then it is necessary to rectify the leaks Repair to slop leaks may be further plicated by the need to make the repairs while the structure is in service and the environment is damp. 4. Workmanship The skill the operatives available to carry put the repairs is another relevant factors. Sometimes this can mean the difference between a permanent repair and premature failure of the repair material. 5. Cost The cost of repair materials is usually small pared with the costs of providing access, preparation and actual labor. 6. Appearance The repair surface may be unsightly, particularly when it appears on a prominent part of the building. In this case, the repair system will include some form of treatment over the entire surface. 。F for 3 days or 50176。 then the vibrator should be moved, or disintegration of the aggregate will occur. In general, the vibrator should not be permitted to perate concrete in the prior lift. The mainly advantage of vibrating is that it permits the use of a drier concrete, which has a higher strength because of the reduced water content. Among the advantages of vibrating concrete are the following: 1. The decreased water permits a reduction in the cement and fine aggregate because less cement paste is needed. 2. The lower water content decreases shrinkage and voids. 3. The drier concrete decreases the cost of finishing the surface. 4. Mechanical vibration may replace three to eight hand puddles. 5. The lower water content increases the strength of the concrete. 6. The drier mixture permits the removal of some patters more quickly, which may reduce the cost of patters. 中國(guó)地質(zhì)大學(xué)長(zhǎng)城學(xué)院 2021 屆畢業(yè)論文 9 2Curing Concrete If concrete is to gain its maximum strength and other desirable properties, it should be cured with adequate moisture and at a favorable temperature. Failure to provide these conditions may result in an inferior concrete. The initial moisture in concrete is adequate to hydrate all the cement, provided it is not should replace the moisture that does evaporate. This may be acplished by many methods, such as leaving the patters in place, keeping the surface wet, or covering the surface with a liquid. curing pound, which es being to a watertight membrane that prevents the escape of the initial water. Curing pounds may be applied by brushes or pressure sprayers. A gallon will cover 200 to 300 sq ft. Concrete should be placed at a temperature not less than 40 or more than 80176。 Placing。在這種情 況下，修復(fù)工 作系統(tǒng)就要包括對(duì)整個(gè)表面進(jìn)行某種處理。 中國(guó)地質(zhì)大學(xué)長(zhǎng)城學(xué)院 2021 屆畢業(yè)論文 6 與為修復(fù)工作提供通路、做準(zhǔn)備工作和實(shí)際勞力的成本相比，所用的修復(fù)材料的成本是相當(dāng)小的。如果結(jié)構(gòu)還處于工作狀態(tài)并且環(huán)境潮濕時(shí)，會(huì)使得堵住漏洞這一工作更加困難。 依靠材料重力填充裂縫技術(shù)在水平面上裂縫修補(bǔ)中的成功率較高，但在豎直面上裂縫修補(bǔ)中效果很差。認(rèn)真考慮選擇正確的方法和某一特定操作所用的材料，弄清到底是要滿足強(qiáng)度、耐用性的特定要求還是滿足其它