【正文】 creativity according to Robert Eisenberger? them tasks they have not dealt with before. them tasks which require creativity. them rewards they really deserve. them rewards they hope for.（4）It can be inferred from the passage that major universities are trying to tighten t。 creativity relationship between actions and their consequences effects of external rewards on students39。 A teacher who continually draws attention to rewards or who hands out high grades for ordinary achievement ends up with students lacking in creativity and motivation, Eisenberger says. As an example of the latter point, he particularly mentions growing efforts to tighten grading standards and adopt failing grades at major universities.re working for a reward and can focus on a relatively challenging task, they show the most creativity, says Robert Eisenberger of the University of Delaware in Newark. But it39。 The latter view has gained many supporters, especially among educators. But the careful use of small monetary(金錢的) rewards sparks creativity in primary school children, suggesting that properly given stimuli(刺激) indeed encourage creativity, according to a study in the June Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. effort or achievement, giving them prizes, medals, certificates, or money.9．閱讀理解 根據(jù)最后一段中的“Both Coopersmith and Dr. Laskowski suggest listening to your body.”可知，這兩個人都建議按照身體的舒適程度來決定運動與否以及運動量，作者并沒有提出反對和質(zhì)疑，即作者贊同二者的建議，故選D。因此，listening to your body”意為“聽從你的身體”，故選C。t feel too bad, these experts both suggest reducing the amount of exercise.”可知，身體不適時應(yīng)休息一下。 （3）考查句義猜測。因此Edward R. Laskowski不贊同在左腿骨折時運動。 （2）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的 Exercise helps to keep us in good health. Doctors at the American Heart Association suggest getting at least 150 minutes of proper physical activity every week. 可知，鍛煉有助于保持身體健康，美國心臟協(xié)會的醫(yī)生建議每周至少進行150分鐘的適當體育鍛煉，因此人們應(yīng)該每周至少運動150分鐘才能保持健康。t feel too bad, these experts both suggest reducing the amount of exercise. For example, if you usually run, take a quick walk instead.（1）How long should people do exercise to keep healthy? 150 minutes per day. 100 minutes per day. least 150 minutes per week. more than 100 minutes per week.（2）When will Edward R. Laskowski say no to exercise? your left leg is broken. you have a runny noses. you have a blocked nose. you have a minor sore throat.（3）What is the meaning of listening to your body in Paragraph 6? careful with your cars. to take advice of others. attention to body signals. to music to keep healthy.（4）What will the writer be likely to agree with? makes perfect. seek, nothing find. your heart into exercise. according to your abilities.【答案】 （1）C（2）A（3）C（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，鍛煉有助于保持身體健康，但是在感覺不適的時候，要看具體情況：如果病癥出現(xiàn)在“頸部以上”的位置，通?？梢藻憻?；如果病癥出現(xiàn)在“頸部以下”，請暫停鍛煉。 There are other symptoms that can tell you to avoid exercise. They include: a higher than normal body temperature, a sense of feeling extremely tired, and widespread muscle pain. It is usually fine to exercise, he explains, if your symptoms (癥狀)are all above the neck. These signs may include a runny nose, a blocked nose, sneezing or a minor sore throat. But what about those times when you are sick? If you do not feel well, should you keep following your exercise habit? Health experts answer these and other questions. 8．閱讀理解 故選A。以及倒數(shù)第二段中的“So they also agree that the answer to is funner a word? is yes.”所以他們對funner是一個詞嗎?的說法是肯定的。d think you39。 （3）考查主旨大意?？芍^去的人們不習(xí)慣使用funner或funnest，部分原因是這個詞最初用作名詞。d describe a fun time or ‘a(chǎn) fun place“today.”直到19世紀早期，它還只是一個名詞，到了18世紀才有了娛樂的含義。 （2）考查細節(jié)理解?？芍谟⒄Z比較級和最高級中，在多音節(jié)形容詞前加more或most。most.39。more39。 （1）考查細節(jié)理解。告訴了我們單詞fun詞性的歷史演變，英語充滿了不確定的語法規(guī)則。The development of English language.D.Is funner a word?B.D.the English language changed a littleC.it sounded strange to grammariansAdd er or est straight to twosyllable words ending in a y.（2）People didn39。Add er or est to most polysyllabic adjectives.C.t used to use it in a way we do now.（1）How do paratives and superlatives work in the English language? A. there39。ll probably still want to use those instead of funner and funnest.t mean that more fun and most fun are incorrect, though。s not really one, so it can39。 Basically, language is still developing. Grammarians have mostly e around to the use of fun as an adjective (though some dictionaries still call it informal). There was (and remains) an agreement of Fine, you can use ‘fun39。 Well, the problem es from the fact that the word fun was not originally an adjective. Until the early 19th century, it was mostly just a noun, and it gained its meaning as amusement in the 18th century. But as early as the 1800s, people began using it as an adjective, the way we39。d add suffixes on it to create superlatives. But if you were to say I think Magic Kingdom is a funner park than Epcot. or Disney World was the funnest vacation ever! you might get some strange looks. It doesn39。 But what about the word fun? This simple adjective only has one syllable, so you39。 if that39。7．閱讀理解 故選D。茄子里沒有雞蛋，菠蘿里也沒有松樹和蘋果，漢堡包里也沒有火腿，及下文所舉的多個詞可知，這些詞的意思并不是詞的表面意思。 （5）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“Why does night fall but never break and day break but never fall？Why are people who ride motorcycles called bikers and people who ride bikes called cyclists？”為什么黑夜降臨，卻沒有黎明；為什么白天破曉，卻沒有黃昏？為什么騎摩托車的人叫騎手，騎自行車的人叫騎自行車的人?以及下文可知，作者主要是通過大量的例子來論證英語是一門多么瘋狂的語言的。故選D。根據(jù)第二段中的“Sweetmeats are candy, while sweetbreads, which aren39。故選A。 （2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“How can overlook and oversee be opposites, while quite a lot and quite a few are alike?”overlook和oversee怎么會是反義詞，而quite a lot和quite a few卻是很相似的呢？可知，quite a lot和quite a few有相似的意思。s the tone(語氣)of the text? and proud. and unsure. and disappointed. and lighthearted.【答案】 （1）B（2）A（3）D（4）C（5）D 【解