【正文】 31. In its daring use of subject matter and sense of the authenticity of the experience of the poorest, “Resolution and Independence” is the triumphant conclusion of ideas first developed in the Lyrical 題，同時對貧苦人民生活經(jīng)歷的描寫擁有極大的可信度，“革命與獨立”則成為《抒情歌謠集》中成功的結論，這在英國詩歌歷史上也是第一次。 27. According to the subject, Wordsworth?s short poems can be classified into two group: poems about nature and poems about human ，華的短詩可分為兩大類：關于自然的和關于人類生活的?！? 23. Blake writes his poems in plain and direct 。 20. Blake?s Marriage of Heaven and Hell marks his entry into maturity. It plays the double role both as a satire and a revolutionary 《天堂與地獄的結合》一詩標志著他創(chuàng)作上的成熟，并擔負了諷喻與革命預言的兩重角色。 17. Gothic novel, a type of romantic fiction that predominated in the late eighteenth century, its principal elements are violence, horror, and the ，它盛行于浪漫主義前期的 18 世紀末。 11. Romantics also tend to be 。 7. They believed that poetry could purify both individual souls and the （浪漫主義代表詩人布萊克，華茲華斯，科勒律治，拜倫，雪萊及濟恩）認為詩歌是醫(yī)治社會頑疾的良藥，可以凈化人的靈魂。 3. The Romantic Movement, whether in England, Germany or France, expressed a more or less negative forward the existing ，無論是在英國，德國還是法國，都表現(xiàn)出對工業(yè)革命時期現(xiàn)存的社會經(jīng)濟制度要點中英文對照版 第 10 頁，共 34 頁 及城市資產(chǎn)階級的上升的否定態(tài)度。詩中富于比喻，并給讀者帶來深深的傷感。 73. His other poems include “Ode on the Spring”, “Ode on the Death of a Favourite cat” and so on. (Ode:… .贊，頌 )他的其他作品還有《春之頌》，《愛貓之死》等等。毫無疑問，它被認為是自莎士比亞以來最出色的喜劇。 68. In his play, morality is the constant 。 64. His sentences are long and well structured, interwoven with parallel words and ，但結構工整，包含有許多排比，對仗。 a romance: The History of Rasselas, Prince of Abyssinia。 (VI)Samuel Johnson 塞 繆爾 .約翰遜 58. The years between 1737 and 1755, he did translations, wrote poems, essays and so 年 至 1755 年這段時間對他來說充滿了艱辛 :他做過翻譯 ,寫過詩 ,為書商編書 ,編輯雜志。 54. He “thinks the thought” of all his characters, so he is able to present not only their external behaviors but also the internal workings of their “想”，因此不僅可以表述人物的外在行為，還可深入刻畫其內心的思想活動。 50. The History of Tom Jones is a masterpiece on the subject of human nature. 費爾丁的代表作《湯姆 .瓊斯：一個棄兒的故事》主題是對人性的諷刺。 46. Of all his plays, the best known are The CoffeeHouse Politician, The Tragedy of Tragedies, Pasquin, and The Historical Register for the Year 《咖啡屋的政治家》，《悲劇中的悲劇》，《巴斯昆》，《 1736 歷史年鑒》。無論是散文，詩歌，還是小說，簡潔，具體，精確，沒有復雜的句式永遠是他的寫作風格 。 39. In his writings, although he intends not to condemn but to reform and improve human nature and human institutions.在他的作品中，他提倡的不是譴責，而是采取行為改良人性與人為的機構。 (IV)Jonathan Swift 喬納森 .斯威夫特 36. In 1704 he published two powerful satires on corruption in religion and learning, A Tale of a Tub and The Battle of the Books, which established his name as a 年，他針對宗教和學術界的腐敗出版了兩篇犀利的諷刺小品，一為《木桶的故事》，一為《書籍的戰(zhàn)斗》。 33. His language is smooth, easy, colloquial and mostly ，有時甚至是俗語方言。 29. Robinson Crusoe, an adventure story very much in the spirit of the time, is universally considered his masterpiece.《魯賓遜漂流記》是一部體現(xiàn)時代精神的游記歷險小說，是笛福的代表作。次年，他又出版了《奪發(fā)記》，一部極妙的諷刺史詩。 (II)Alexander Pope 亞歷山大 .蒲伯 23. Pope, a very sensitive man, would strike back hard, and in the constant verbal battles he developed a style of biting satire. 蒲伯本身是個很敏感的人，自然要用筆墨來反擊，在此期間，他發(fā)展了犀利的諷刺文體。 (I)John Bunyan 約翰 .班揚 19. As a stout Puritan, he had made a conscientious study of the Bible and firmly believed in salvation through spiritual ，他認真學習《圣經(jīng)》，并深信人一定能通過精神上的奮斗得到拯救。 15. Among the pioneers were Daniel Defoe, Samuel Richardson, Henry Fielding, Laurence Sterne, Tobias Gee Smollett, and Oliver .迪福，塞繆爾 .理查德，亨利 .費爾丁，勞倫斯 .斯泰思，托比亞斯 .斯摩萊特以及奧立弗 .哥爾斯密。 regularity in construction should be adhered to, and type characters rather than individuals should be （抑揚五音步的押韻雙行詩）寫就；時間，地點，事件三要素必須要遵循；寫作的規(guī)矩必須要遵守，而作品中的人物要代表一類人，而不是個性化。 9. Thus a polite, urbane, witty, and intellectual art ，充滿靈性的知識分子文學藝術發(fā)要點中英文對照版 第 5 頁，共 34 頁 展起來。 5. As a matter of fact, literature at the time, heavily didactic and moralizing, became a very popular means of public ，當時的文學作品種充滿了說教與道德理念，就已經(jīng)成為大眾教育的良好工具。 2. The eighteenthcentury England is also known as the Age of Enlightenment or the Age of 也同時是啟蒙主義時代，或曰理性時代。 50. In Samson Agonistes, the whole poem strongly suggests Milton?s passionate longing that he too could bring destruction down upon the enemy at the cost of his own ，整首詩都強烈暗示著彌爾頓渴望他自己也能像參孫一樣，以生命為代價，與敵人同歸于盡。 47. The theme of Paradise Lost is the “Fall of Man”. In the fall of man Adam discovered his full 題是人類的沉淪。 43. With the brief, simple language, the argument is continuous throughout the 言，并貫穿于整首詩作。 培根 (V)John Donne 約翰 .鄧恩 39. The imagery is drawn from the actual 。 35. Bacon, as a humanist intellect, shows the new empirical attitudes toward truth about nature and bravely challenges the medieval ，并向中世紀的經(jīng)院哲學家們提出挑戰(zhàn)。 31. Son 18 is one of the most beautiful sons written by 詩。 27. Thus, he finds no way to solve the social problems. In the end, the only thing he can do as a humanist is to escape from the reality to seek fort in his ，他才無力尋求到醫(yī)治各種社會痼疾的靈丹妙藥，最后，他作為人文主義所能做的唯一事情便是逃避現(xiàn)實，從夢幻中找安慰。 22. Shakespeare?s history plays are mainly written under the principle that national unity under a mighty and just sovereign is a ：在一個強大英明的君主統(tǒng)領下的國家，統(tǒng)一是非常必要的。 20. The last period of Shakespeare?s work includes his principle romantic tragiedies: Pericles, Cymbeline, The Winter’s Tale and The Tempest。 six edies: A Midsummer Night’s Dream, The Merchant of Venice, Much Ado About Nothing, As You Like It, Twelfth Night, and The Merry Wives of Windsor。 16. The Passionate Shepherd to His Love《多情的牧羊人致情人》 《牧羊人戀歌》 要點中英文對照版 第 2 頁，共 34 頁 This short poem is considered to be one of the most beautiful lyrics in English 最優(yōu)美的抒情詩。其中最負盛名的是：《帖木爾》，《浮士德博士的悲劇》，《馬耳他島的猶太人》以及《愛德華二世》。 (I)Edmund Spenser 埃德蒙 .斯賓塞 10. the theme of The Faerie Queene is not “Arms and the man,” but something more romantic“Fierce wars and faithful loves.”《仙后》的主題并非“男人與武器”，而是更富浪漫色彩的“殘酷戰(zhàn)爭與忠貞愛情” 。 6. The first perio