【正文】 I live ten years ago has been pulled down when: 指時(shí)間，在定語(yǔ)從句中做時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)I still remember the day when I first came to the school why: 指原因，在定語(yǔ)從句中做原因狀語(yǔ)Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane 注意: 關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句都可以用“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句來(lái)代替 Shai hai is the city wherein which I was born I still remember the day whenon which I first came to the school Please tell me the reason why for which you missed the plane 練習(xí)：A letteris written in pencil is difficult to read.(主語(yǔ))Do you know the gentlemanspoke just now? You can take anythingyou like.（賓語(yǔ)）What is the questionthey are talking about? Here is the manyou want to (1)限制性定語(yǔ)從句中只能用that的幾種情況：A 當(dāng)先行詞是anything, everything, nothing(something 除外), few, all, none, little, some等代詞時(shí)，或者是由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等代詞修飾時(shí)，要用that Have you taken down everything that has said? There seems to be nothing that seems impossible for him in the that can be done has been 當(dāng)先行詞是序數(shù)詞或被序數(shù)詞修飾,如：firstlastnext等The first place that they visited in London was the Big 當(dāng)先行詞是形容詞最高級(jí)或被形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)This is the best film that I have 當(dāng)形容詞被the very, the only 修飾時(shí)This is the very dictionary that I want to buy，After the fire in his house, the old car is the only thing that he ，偶爾也可以用whoWang Hua is the only person in our school who will attend the meeting/ E 當(dāng)先行詞前面有who, which等疑問代詞時(shí)Who is the man that is standing there? Which is the Tshirt that fits me most? F 當(dāng)先行詞既有人，也有動(dòng)物或者物體時(shí)Can you remember the scientist and his theory that we have learned? G 如有兩個(gè)從句，其中一個(gè)關(guān)系代詞已用which，另一個(gè)關(guān)系代詞宜用that。He built a factory which produced things that had never been seen before.（2）限制性定語(yǔ)從句中只能用who的情況：A 當(dāng)定語(yǔ)從句對(duì)指人的先行詞進(jìn)行隔位修飾時(shí)，只能用who(whom)。如：Do you know the girl in front of the blackboard who is speaking to the students? 你認(rèn)識(shí)黑板前面正在給學(xué)生們講話的那位女孩子嗎？B 當(dāng)先行詞為people和those時(shí)，只能用who(whom)。如：Those who want to go there e here 。C 當(dāng)先行詞為one, ones, anyone, everyone, none, all(指人)時(shí)，只能用who(whom)。如： Anyone who is against us is our 。D 在there be句型中名詞的定語(yǔ)從句多用who(whom)。如：There are students in our class who / whom you have 。E 當(dāng)句子中有兩個(gè)指人的現(xiàn)行詞分別帶有兩個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，若一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞為that, 那么，另一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞必定為who。如：The boy that you met just now is Li Ming’s brother who just graduated from a 。(3)以the way為先行詞的定語(yǔ)從句通常由in which, that引導(dǎo)，而且通?？梢允÷?。The way in which/ that/./ he answered the question was surprising（三）．非限制性定語(yǔ)從句：先行詞和從句用逗號(hào)隔開，對(duì)所修飾你名詞或代詞等起補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明的作用。如果去掉從句，并不影響它所修飾的先行詞的意義。（1）關(guān)系代詞：指人：who :做主語(yǔ)，不可省略 ；whom:做賓語(yǔ)，不可省略 指物：which:做主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，不可省略（2）關(guān)系副詞：when where why as等Alice received an invitation from her boss, ___came as a ，不能用 that修飾，而用which.，it 和he 都使后句成為句子，兩個(gè)獨(dú)立的句子不能單以逗號(hào)連接。況且選he句意不通。The weather turned out to be very good, ___ was more than we could 答案B。which可代替句子，用于非限定性定語(yǔ)從句，而what不可。That 不能用于非限定性定語(yǔ)從句，it不為連詞，使由逗號(hào)連接的兩個(gè)句子并在一起在英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法上行不通。 引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句（1）as和which都可在句子中做主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，它們指代的是整個(gè)句子 He married her,aswhich is natural He is honest,aswhich we can see(2)as引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句可以放在主句之前，也可放在主句之尾，還可分割整個(gè)主句，which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句只能放在主句之后。as有“正如，正想”之意 As is known to us，china is a developing country He is from south,which we can see from his accentJohn ,as you know,is famous writer(3)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，which既可以作系動(dòng)詞be的主語(yǔ)，也可以作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的主語(yǔ)；而這時(shí)as 只可以做系動(dòng)詞be的主語(yǔ)。例如：A)He married her, which was natural.（可用as代替which）他和她結(jié)婚，這是很自然的事。B)He won a/the Nobel Prize in chemistry, which made him illustrious.(不可用as 代替which)他獲得了諾貝爾化學(xué)獎(jiǎng)，這使他名揚(yáng)天下。It rained hard yesterday, ____ prevented me from going to the park.. (4).在which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞若是am, is, are則這些系動(dòng)詞不能省略；而as后面若是這種情況，則可以省略。例如：A)He is a teacher, as(is)clear from his manner.(is可以省略)B)He said he had never seen her before, which was not true.(was不可省略)(5)當(dāng)先行詞有such,the same修飾時(shí)，常用as I have never heard such a story as he tells This is the same book as I lost last week 注意：當(dāng)先行次由the same修飾時(shí)，偶爾也用that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，但是和由as所引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句意思不同She wore the same dress that she wore at Mary’s 。She wore the same dress as her young sister 。（四）引導(dǎo)詞+介詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系代詞在從句中做介詞的賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，從句常用介詞+關(guān)系代詞引: The school whichthat he once studied is vert famous ——the school in which he once studied is very famous Tomorrow I will bring a book whichthat you ask for Tomorrow I will bring a book for which you ask 注意：A:含有介詞的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)一般不拆開使用。如：look at, look for, look after, take care of等 This is watch whichthat I looking for B:當(dāng)介詞放在關(guān)系代詞之前時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞指人是只能用whom,，關(guān)系代詞指代物時(shí)，只能用which，關(guān)系代詞是所有格時(shí)，用whose The man with whom you talked is my friend C:介詞+定語(yǔ)從句，前面可有some any both each none neither 等代詞或數(shù)詞修飾 He love his parents deeply，both of whom are very kind to him There are forty students in our class,，most of whom are from cities 四．狀語(yǔ)從句一：時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句（一）when, while和as。，也可以先于主句的動(dòng)作。引導(dǎo)的從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可以是延續(xù)性的動(dòng)詞（一段時(shí)間），又可以是瞬時(shí)動(dòng)詞（一點(diǎn)時(shí)間）。when還含有“at that moment”的意思，引起的句子不能放在句首When he heard the news，they were much surprised(從句的動(dòng)作先于主句的動(dòng)作)When she came in, I stopped ，我在吃飯。(瞬時(shí)動(dòng)詞)When I lived in the countryside, I used to carry some water for ，我常常為他擔(dān)水。（延續(xù)性的動(dòng)詞）We were watching TV when suddenly the lights went ，這時(shí)燈突然滅了。They had just arrived home when it began to ，這時(shí)天就開始下雨了。 從句的動(dòng)作和主句同時(shí)發(fā)生，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作必須是延續(xù)性的。并且while有時(shí)還可以表示對(duì)比 While my wife was reading the newspaper, I was watching TV I like playing football while you like playing basketball 從句的動(dòng)作和主句同時(shí)發(fā)生。從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可是瞬時(shí)性的，也可是延續(xù)性的。從句和主句要表示一個(gè)人的兩個(gè)動(dòng)作交替進(jìn)行或同時(shí)完成時(shí)，則多用as，可譯為“一邊......，一邊......” She came up as I was cooking.(延續(xù)性)The runners started as the gun went off.(瞬時(shí)性)He looked behind from to time as he ，一邊不時(shí)地往后看。As time goes on, it’s getting warmer and warmer..隨著時(shí)間的推移，天氣變得越來(lái)越暖了。練習(xí)： was about halfway through his meal ____ a familiar voice came to his ears.(2006遼寧) 2.— I’m going to the post office.— ____ you’re there, can you get me some stamps?(1999) the days went on, the weather got worse.(1990) ____ into the house when no one ____.(1992)。was looking slipped。looked。had looked slipping。looked 如果主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生于表示“當(dāng)……時(shí)”的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中的動(dòng)作的進(jìn)行過(guò)程中，從句常用進(jìn)行時(shí)。如： The landlady suspected that someone must have broken into the house when/while/as she was watching TV ____ along the street looking for a place to park when the accident ____.(2006安徽)。was occurring 。o