【正文】 tidal (潮汐的) pools might have led to fish gaining limbs.”可知，是Alfred Romer最先提出了魚(yú)類(lèi)可能因?yàn)槌毕l(fā)展出四肢的理論。故選A。(2)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第七段中的“…tides were stronger than they are today. This is because the planet was 10 percent closer to the moon than it is now.”過(guò)去的潮汐比現(xiàn)在強(qiáng)。這是因?yàn)榈厍蜻@顆行星以前比現(xiàn)在離月球近了10%?？芍xB。(3)考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)第四段中的“Sea animals would have been forced into these pools by strong tides. ”可知，Homer認(rèn)為海洋生物因?yàn)槌毕黄冗M(jìn)入水池；第八段中的“The creatures stranded in the pools would have been under the pressure of ‘’survival of the fittest, explained Mattias Green,“ 結(jié)合兩處可知，魚(yú)兒是被迫進(jìn)入池中，故選D。(4)考查主旨大意?？v觀全文可知，英國(guó)生物學(xué)家達(dá)爾文的《物種起源》極大地提高了科學(xué)家對(duì)自然的認(rèn)識(shí)。但仍有不少?zèng)]有根據(jù)的猜測(cè)。其中的一個(gè)猜測(cè)就是為什么在4億年前，海洋中的動(dòng)物有了四肢，從而讓他們遷徙到陸地上生活。一個(gè)世紀(jì)以前，美國(guó)古生物學(xué)家Alfred Romer提出的一個(gè)想法，即潮汐可能導(dǎo)致魚(yú)類(lèi)發(fā)展出四肢，這再次成為一個(gè)熱門(mén)話題。針對(duì)此許多科學(xué)家進(jìn)行的實(shí)驗(yàn)提供了許多新的證據(jù)來(lái)證實(shí)它。故選C。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測(cè)和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇科技類(lèi)閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。7．閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。 On January 13, 2016, France became the first country in the world to pass a law requiring supermarkets to donate food that is approaching its expiration date (保質(zhì)期) instead of throwing it away. The regulation that applies to supermarkets over 4,000 square feet requires stores to sign official donation agreements with local food banks. The law also makes it illegal for stores to pour water over nearlyexpired food, or store it inside locked warehouses until it is picked up by the garbage trucks. These measures are often undertaken by supermarkets to prevent the hungry from searching for food through the dustbins. Though that may appear cruel, the stores claim they do it to avoid potential food poisoning that could occur if the product is on its way past its expiry. Those who do not obey the new law face the risk of heavy fines. Also, excess goods like yogurt or milk that are likely to go bad quickly are now allowed to be donated directly to the food banks. Though this has always been possible, the current process is long and plex, making it difficult for producers to give away the food in a timely manner. France39。s food banks are of course thrilled about the possibility of receiving extra food. Jacques Bailet, who heads a network of French food banks called the Banques Alimentaires, says that of the 110,000 tons of goods received annually, only 36,000 tons es from supermarkets. Bailet estimates (估計(jì)) that just a 15% increase in supermarket donations would translate to over 10 million additional meals to feed the hungry each year. Though this is a great first step, Arash Dermabarsh, the activist responsible for the grassroots movement that led to the ban, is not done. He now wants to extend the law to other places like restaurants and also try to convince other countries in the European Union to pass similar regulations. These steps are necessary because of the over 9 million tons of food wasted in France。 an astonishing 67% is thrown away by consumers, with supermarkets and restaurants making up the rest.（1）What should stores do with nearlyexpired food? A.Throw it away.B.Send it to the hungry.C.Store it in refrigerators.D.Give it away to food banks.（2）What does the underlined word excess in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A.Extra.B.Cheap.C.Seasonal.D.Returned.（3）What might Bailet agree with about the French food banks? A.They have a lot of expired food.B.They will get much benefit from the law.C.Their food is enough for the people in need.D.Their food mainly es from supermarkets.（4）What does Dermabarsh plan to do? A.Build more food banks in France.B.Make the law take effect in more places.C.Organize a campaign to promote this law.D.Raise consumers awareness of waste reduction.【答案】（1）D（2）A（3）B（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道，講述了法國(guó)成為世界上第一個(gè)通過(guò)法律要求超市捐贈(zèng)即將過(guò)期食品的國(guó)家。而即將過(guò)期食品的捐贈(zèng)對(duì)人們和社會(huì)都有積極的影響。（1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段可知，法國(guó)成為世界上第一個(gè)通過(guò)法律要求超市捐贈(zèng)即將過(guò)期食品的國(guó)家，之后文章就此展開(kāi)。故選D。（2）考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)第四段中的“Also, excess goods like yogurt or milk that are likely to go bad quickly are now allowed to be donated directly to the food banks. ”此外，像酸奶或牛奶這樣的過(guò)剩商品可能很快就會(huì)變質(zhì)，現(xiàn)在可以直接捐贈(zèng)給食品銀行。由此推知?jiǎng)澗€詞的意思是“額外的，過(guò)量的”，故選A。（3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“Bailet estimates (估計(jì)) that just a 15% increase in supermarket donations would translate to over 10 million additional meals to feed the hungry each year.”可知，Bailet認(rèn)為他們將從法律中得到很多好處。故選B。（4）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Though this is a great first step, Arash Dermabarsh, the activist responsible for the grassroots movement that led to the ban, is not done. He now wants to extend the law to other places like restaurants and also try to convince other countries in the European Union to pass similar regulations.”可知，Dermabarsh計(jì)劃讓法律在更多的地方生效。故選B。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測(cè)和推理判斷三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇新聞報(bào)道，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，同時(shí)根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，從而選出正確答案。8．閱讀理解 China39。s cancer researcher Zhu Chen, together with two French researchers Anne Dejean and Hugues de Th233。, received Sjoberg Prize 2018 in Stockholm Concert Hall, Sweden on Friday. “We used wisdom from both Chinese and Western medicine and offered a cure to one of the most deadly cancers,” Chen told Xinhua, “I feel that Chinese medicine has potential to contribute more to human health. It struggles for benefiting all mankind. It39。s a language of peace, and of development and progress.” Chen recalled the cooperation with the two French researchers for over 30 years. This year39。s Sjoberg winners have developed a new and targeted treatment for a specific form of blood cancer called acute promyelocytic leukaemia (急性早幼粒白血病). It was once one of th