【導(dǎo)讀】隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化的發(fā)展，各國間的聯(lián)系日益加深，文化間的交流也日益緊密。語言莫屬，而習(xí)語作為語言中的一個(gè)重要組成部分，自然成為語言研究的一個(gè)要點(diǎn)。與翻譯的相關(guān)研究就顯得尤為重要了。本文試圖借助語用學(xué)合作原則的相關(guān)理論，對(duì)英漢習(xí)

　　

【正文】 English language is are many idiomatic expressions that find their origins in the Bible and often related to biblical allusions such as a wolf in sheep39。s clothing, a Judas Kiss, to kill tfie fatty, apples of Sodom, as pacer as Job and so on. In China, Buddhism and Daoism have a thousand years of history. They exert influence on Chinese cultural psychology deeply. So many idioms are connected with Buddhism and Daoism such as“借花獻(xiàn)佛” to present Buddha with borrowed flowersto borrow something to make a gift of it )，“平時(shí)不燒 香臨時(shí)抱佛腳” (Neglect to burn one39。s joss stick before an idol in times of peace, then embrace the Buddha39。s feet in a crisis )，“五體投地” to throw oneself down at somebody39。s feet in admiration) and“道高一尺，魔高一丈” (When the truth grows high to one foot, the evil grows to ten feet。 Truth cannot beat evil). Different Social Customs Social customs and tradition can reflect the national characteristics of idioms. Some idioms are closely related to the customs of a nation including etiquette, habit, folkway and . English idiom above the salt (in a position of honor) and below the salt”(in a relatively inferior position) e from the old custom at feasts when salt was expensive and regarded as a symbol of high social status. Those guests sitting above the salt were wealthy and important whereas those sitting below the salt were usually poor relatives or ordinary guests. To let one39。s hair down that means to relax tames from the old English social custom that ladies should have their hair down only when they were alone. There are still many English idioms related to the customs of the English nation such as to touch wood39。 。 to get out of the wrong side of the bed39。 。 to take French leave”baker 39。s dozen39。 a featlter in one39。s cap”and so on. Chinese idiom“鳴鑼開道， es from the old custom in the feudal times. Gongs were sounded to keep people away from the route far a high official. It means to prepare public opinion for the advent of something. In the idiom“八拜之交”，“八拜” is the courtesy that the ancient family friends39。 children call on the elder. The idiom is used to refer to sworn brotherhood or close friends.“洞房花燭， 39。camel from the old custom in China that candles were burning in the bridal chamberwedding. Nowadays, it refers to wedding ceremony. Due to the different national psychology, English and Chinese people have different attitudes towards colors, animals and plants, which have influenced on the idiomatical expressions. For example, in China, red is the favorite color of the Chinese people. It is a symbol of happiness, joy, excitement, success, brightness and marriage is called red joyous occasion(紅喜事 )。 The bride will be dressed in red while the bridegroom will wear a red flower. There are many Chinese idioms connected with the color of red such as“紅光滿面，紅極一時(shí)，紅粉世家，披紅掛彩，看破紅塵”， etc. However, in western countries, red is regarded as danger because red cloth is used to enrage the bull during the game of bullfghting. Purple in Englishspeaking countries is a symbol of honour, luxury and right because the emperor of ancient Greek and Rome wore purple gown. Thus forms an idiom born in the purple (born in a royal family). In China, the color of yellow is regarded as royal right. The idiom“黃袍加身” is a good example. Different attitudes towards animals also lead to different idioms. The English and the Chinese people traditionally have different opinions of the dragon. The Chinese people have a high opinion of the dragon. It is a symbol of prosperity in Chinese people are fond of calling themselves the descendants of dragon. Here es the idioms:“龍爭(zhēng)虎斗，龍躍鳳鳴，龍鳳呈樣， 乘龍快婿，群龍無首”， while in western countries, a dragon is supposed to symbolize evil. In the eyes of Chinese people, tiger is the king of all animals. When drawing a tiger, they would like to draw a“王” on its forehead to symbali}e the strength and power. 5o it gives birth to the following idioms:“ 虎 背熊腰，虎踞龍盤，如虎添翼，藏龍臥虎 ，生龍活虎，不入虎穴焉得虎子”， etc. Nevertheless, in English culture, lion is the king of the animals and full of power and grandeur. English people lil}en themselves to lion. Many idioms are related to lion, such as a lion in the way, a donkey in a lion39。s hide, place oneself in the lion?s mouth or beard the lion in his den. 3. Translation of English and Chinese idioms Translation of English and Chinese idioms with the Quality Maxim Quality Maxim require that the words of the speaker should be true: we should not say what you believe isn?t true,or the words lack of sufficient English and Chinese historical and cultural background are different there are many differences between English and chinese idioms a significant portion of the literal meaning is very similar to the implied meaning is a big difference. If you usually pay no attention to the accumulation of the translator, because the idiom is not to identify differences in shape, the words too literally, on the contrary to the quality Maxim, may lead to misunderstanding on the exchange, and even hinder the smooth exchange. For example, The longest day must have an end. is similar with the Chinese idiom 天下沒有不散的宴席 in literal meaning, that everything has an end. However, the longest day refers to 最長的一天 to express the people tired of this day, Which one hope soon be over。 the Chinese 宴席 is a positive image, and people do not want to end it in a short time. Although these two idioms seems similar, but the former contains a sense of boredom, as the latter meaning and the implied meaning are different. Therefore, the translator should pay attention to the accumulation in normal times,try to avoid the words too literally in translation practice, to ply with quality Maxim, in order to reduce misunderstanding in translation. Encountered in practice are not famili